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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina hromada Patrick heimel Markus kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas h.Teuschl-Woller David hercher Department life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). however, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

Activation characteristics of candidate structural materials for a near-term Indian fusion reactor and the impact of their impurities on design considerations

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第6期20卷 186-193页

作者： h l SWAMI C DANANI A k ShAW Institute for Plasma Research Gandhinagar Gujarat 382428 India homi Bhabha National Institute (hBNI) Anushaktinagar Mumbai 400094 India

Activation analyses play a vital role in nuclear reactor *** analyses,along with nuclear analyses,provide important information for nuclear safety and maintenance *** analyses also help in the selection of materials for a nuclear reactor,by providing the radioactivity and dose rate levels after *** information is important to help define maintenance activity for different parts of the reactor,and to plan decommissioning and radioactive waste disposal *** study of activation analyses of candidate structural materials for near-term fusion reactors or ITER is equally essential,due to the presence of a highenergy neutron environment which makes decisive demands on material *** study comprises two parts; in the first part the activation characteristics,in a fusion radiation environment,of several elements which are widely present in structural materials,are *** reveals that the presence of a few specific elements in a material can diminish its feasibility for use in the nuclear *** second part of the study concentrates on activation analyses of candidate structural materials for near-term fusion reactors and their comparison in fusion radiation *** structural materials selected for this study,***-specific Reduced Activation Ferritic-Martensitic steel（IN-RAFMS）,P91-grade steel,stainless steel 316 lN ITER-grade（SS-316 lN-IG）,stainless steel 316 l and stainless steel 304,are candidates for use in ITER either in vessel components or test blanket *** is also included in this study because of its use for ITER plasma-facing *** study is carried out using the reference parameters of the ITER fusion *** activation characteristics of the materials are assessed considering the irradiation at an ITER equatorial *** presence of elements like Nb,Mo,Co and Ta in a structural material enhance the activity level as well as the dose level,which has an

关键词： activation EASY nuclear safety fusion reactor structural materials

Direct joining of oxygen-free copper and carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic by friction lap joining

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 192-197页

作者： l.h. Wu k. Nagatsuka k. Nakata Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan

Oxygen-flee copper （Cu） was successfully joined to carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic （CFRTP, polyamide 6 with 20wt% carbon fiber addition） by friction lap joining （FlJ） at joining speeds of 200-1600 mm/min with a constant rotation rate of 1500 rpm and a nominal plunge depth of 0.9 ram. It is the first time to report the joining of CFRTP to Cu by FlJ. As the joining speed increased, the tensile shear force （TSF） of joints increased first, and decreased thereafter. The maximum TSF could reach 2.3 kN （ 15 mm in width）. hydrogen bonding formed between the amide group of CFRTP and the thin Cu20 layer on the Cu surface, which mainly contributed to the joint bonding. The influence factors of the TSF of the joints at different joining speeds were discussed. The TSF was mainly affected by the joining area, the degradation of the plastic matrix and the number and the size of bubbles. As the joining speed increased, the influence factors varied as follows： the joining area increased first and then decreased; the degra- dation of the plastic matrix and the number and the size of bubbles decreased. The maximum TSF was the comprehensive result of the relatively large joining area, small degradation of the plastic matrix and small number and sizes of bubbles.

关键词： Friction lap joining Metal Plastic Carbon-fiber reinforced thermoplastic Dissimilar materials joining

Achieving superior mechanical properties in friction lap joints of copper to carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic by tool offsetting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第9期34卷 1628-1637页

作者： l.h.Wu k.Nagatsuka k.Nakata Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University

It is a challenge to achieve a sound welded metal/carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic（CFRTP） joint with high strength and few bubbles. In this study, sound lap joints of Cu and CFRTP were obtained by friction lap joining（FlJ） directly at rotation rates of 600-2000 rpm, with the welding tool at the joint center and offsetting the tool 7 mm away from the center toward the retreating side, respectively. Tool offsetting reduced the non-uniform temperature distribution in the lap joints resulting from the high conductivity of Cu, which not only enhanced the tensile shear force from 0.89-2.25 kN to 1.71-3.54 kN,with the maximum increasing rate of 135%, but also reduced the bubble area to only 19% of the original level of 2000 rpm. It is the first time to report a high-quality Cu/CFRTP joint with a high strength and few bubbles. The large increase of the strength after tool offsetting was attributed to the increase of the joining area, the decrease of bubbles and the decrease of the CFRTP degradation. The details on the generation,quantitative distribution and expulsion of the bubbles in the FlJ joints were discussed.

关键词： hybrid joining Plastic Metal Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic Properties

STRUCTURE AND SURFACE STUDIES OF Mg_xZn_(1-x)O FIlMS GROWN BY PUlSED lASER DEPOSITION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2005年第3期18卷 237-241页

作者： l.Zhuang k.h.Wong DepartmentofAppliedPhysics TheHongKongPolytechnicUniversityKowloonHongKongChina

The structural and surface properties of high-quality epitaxial cubic MgxZn1-xO films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PlD) were studied by X-ray diffracti on and atomic force microscopy respectively. For films of about 500nm thick, sca ns over a 30μm × 30μm area revealed a surface roughness Ra of about 100nm. Th is relatively large surface roughness is primarily attributed to the particulate and outgrowth during the PlD process. A good epitaxial growth on laAlO3 (lAO ) (100) substrates, however has been obtained for composition x = 0.9, 0.7 and 0 .5 with the heteroepitaxial relationship of (100)■∥(100)lAO (out-of-plane) and (011)■∥(010)lAO (in-plane). These structural qualities suggest that cubic Mgx Zn1-xO alloys films have good potential in a variety of optoelectronic device ap plications.

关键词： pulsed laser deposition thin film XRD MgxZn1-xO

Influence of bismuth on magnetism and magnetocaloric properties of laFe_(11.6)Si_(1.4) intermetallic compound

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第7期33卷 740-745页

作者： A.Boutahar k.Zehani l.Bessais h.lassri E.k.hlil lPMMAT Hassan II University-Casablanca Faculty of Science Ain Chock BP 5366 Maarif-Casablanca Morocco ICMPE-CMTR UMR CNRS 7182 2-8 H. Dunant St 94320 Thiais France Néel Institue CNRS and Joseph Fourier University

Crystal structure, magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects （MCE） of la1-xBixFe1 1.4Si1.6 （x=0.0 and 0.1） compounds were investigated by X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. The la1-xBixFe11.4Si1.6 compounds presented a cubic NaZnx3 type structure. First, the magnetization behavior and the magnetic transition were analyzed in terms of landau theory. Then, Bi substitution for la in la1-xBixFe11.4Si1.6 compounds led to a decrease in magnetic entropy change （-△SM^max） but an increase in Curie temperature （Tc） significantly. The significant increase of Tc by Bi substitution from 202.5 to 256 k for x=0.0 and x=0.1 respectively was attributed to an increase in the Fe-Fe exchange interactions. Moreover, magnetocaloric effect was calculated in terms of isothermal magnetic entropy change. The maximum values of （-△SM^max ） of la1-xBixFe11.4Si1.6 for x=-0.0 and 0.1 compounds were found to be, respectively, 22.56 and 4.36 J/（kg.k） under an applied magnetic field change of 5 T. For the same applied magnetic field （μ0h=5 T）, the relative cooling power （RCP） values were found to vary between 487 and 296 J/kg.

关键词： NaZn13 itinerant-electron metamagnetic transition magnetocaloric effects rare earths

A novel statistically tracked particle swarm optimization method for automatic generation control

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2014年第4期2卷 396-410页

作者： Cheshta JAIN h.k.VERMA l.D.ARYA Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Medi-Caps Group of EngineeringIndoreIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Shri G.S.I.T.S.IndoreIndia

Particle swarm optimization(PSO)is one of the popular stochastic optimization based on swarm intelligence *** simple and promising algorithm has applications in many research *** PSO,each particle can adjust its‘flying’according to its own flying experience and its companions’flying *** paper proposes a new PSO variant,called the statistically tracked PSO,which uses group statistical characteristics to update the velocity of the particle after certain iterations,thus avoiding localminima and helping particles to explore global optimum with an improved *** performance of the proposed algorithm is tested on a deregulated automatic generation control problem in power systems and encouraging results are obtained.

关键词： Statistically tracked particle swarm optimization(STPSO) Group statistical characteristics Deregulated automatic generation control(AGC)

Effects of Paper Mill Sludge on Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, and Magnesium Concentrations in Different Soybean Cultivars

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Pedosphere 2005年第1期15卷 84-94页

作者： YANXiang-kui k.W.ChANG h.l.XU NationalInstituteforAgro-EnvironmentalSciences Tsukuba-shi305-8506Japan／／GansuAgriculturalUniversityLanzhou730070China AgrochemistryDepartment ChungnamNationalUniversityKung-DongTaejon305-764Korea InternationalNatureFarmingResearchCenter 5632HataNagano390-1401（Japan）

A field experiment was conducted on a sandy loam soil at an Experimental Farm in Taejon, South korea, to determine the effects of paper mill sludge compost application rates on k, Na, Ca and Mg concentrations of soybean (Glycine max (l.) Merr.) aboveground tissues and the genotypic effects on the concentrations of these elements. Sludge compost treatments of 0, 75, and 150 t ha-1 were applied to 30 diverse soybean cultivars. Concentrations of k, Na, Ca, and Mg in aboveground tissues harvested 69 days after …

关键词： calcium magnesium paper mill sludge potassium sodium soybean

n-Butane Oxidation over γ-Al_2O_3 Supported Vanadium Phosphate Catalysts

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2007年第3期16卷 266-272页

作者： Y.h.Taufiq-Yap l.k.leong R.Irmawati Putra laboratory for Catalysis Science and Technology Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Bioscience and Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJalan Genting Kelang53300 SetapakKuala LumpurMalaysia

Four vanadium phosphate catalysts supported on γ-A1203 （20 wt%） were synthesized via wetness impregnation of VOhPO4.0.5h2O precursor and calcined for different durations （6, 10, 30 and 75 h） at 673 k in a reaction flow of n-butane/air mixture. The samples calcined for 6 and 10 h produced only a single phase of （VO）2P2O7. however, the VOPO4 phase （β-VOPO4） was detected and became more prominent with only a minor pyrophosphate peaks were found after 30 h of calcination. All these pyrophosphate peaks disappeared after 75 h of calcination. The formation of V^5＋ phase was also observed in the SEM micrographs. The redox properties and the nature of oxidants of the catalysts employed in this study were investigated by h2-TPR analysis. Selective oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride （MA） over these catalysts shows that the percentage of n-butane conversion decreases with the transformation of the catalysts from V^4＋ to V^5＋ phases. An appropriate ratio of V^5＋/V^4＋ can enhance the performance of the VPO catalyst. however, a higher amount of V^5＋ and its associated oxygen species are responsible to promote the MA selectivity.

关键词： n-butane oxidation VPO alumina maleic anhydride