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Prediction of protein and amino acid composition and digestibility in individual feedstuffs and mixed diets for pigs using near-infrared spectroscopy

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1242-1252页

作者： Samantha J.Noel henry J.høgh Jørgensen Knud E.Bach Knudsen Department of Animal Science AU FoulumAarhus UniversityDK 8830TjeleDenmark

Knowledge of the amounts and digestibility of amino acids in pig feedstuffs is essential for calculating the appropriate inclusion level in a complete *** chemical analysis and in vivo digestibility trials are time-consuming and costly and cannot be used for routine ***-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)offers a rapid,cost effective and environmentally friendly method for evaluating *** models were developed using NIRS to predict the content of crude protein and 18 amino acids from a wide range of feedstuffs used in pig production(n=607).The samples ranged from single feed ingredients(containing amino acids from 0.3 to 129.8 g/kg of dry matter)to feed mixtures(containing amino acids from 1.2 to 53.2 g/kg of dry matter).The predictive ability of the calibrations was tested with an independent dataset(n=150)and with ***,we compare these calibrations with calibrations developed on more narrowly defined groups of samples and with predictions from regression analysis of crude *** models were able to predict the concentrations of crude protein and 18 amino acids with good levels of precision and high coefficients of determination for calibration(RSQ^(CAL))from 0.91 to 0.99 and validation(RSQ^(VAL))from 0.87 to *** models were able to predict all amino acids except tryptophan and valine with greater accuracy than those from protein *** also developed calibration models to predict the apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of protein and amino *** the exception of tryptophan,RSQ values(>0.7)and standard error of cross validation(SECV)values(he digestibility of most of the amino *** conclusion,NIRS can be used to predict crude protein and amino acid concentrations from a wide range of single ingredients and feed mixtures used for pig diets without separate models for each *** digestibility of protein and amino acids can be predicted with an

关键词： Near-infrared spectroscopy Amino acids Protein Apparent ileal digestibility Total tract digestibility Swine

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Response of primiparous and multiparous buffaloes to yeast culture supplementation during early and mid-lactation

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第4期3卷 411-418页

作者： hanne h.hansen Nasr E.El-Bordeny hossam M.Ebeid Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Center for Herd-Oriented EducationResearch and DevelopmentUniversity of Copenhagen Animal Production Department Faculty of AgricultureAin Shams University Department of Dairy Sciences National Research Centre

Strains of live Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast have exhibited probiotic effects in ruminants. This study investigated the effects of the dietary yeast supplement, S. cerevisiae(Yea-Sacc^(1026)), on primiparous(PP)and multiparous(MP) Egyptian buffaloes in early to mid-lactation. Lactating buffaloes were fed either a basal total mixed ration(TMR, control; 4 PP and 8 MP) or the basal TMR plus 10 g Yea-Sacc^(1026) per buffalo cow per day(yeast; 4 PP and 8 MP). The feeds were given from 15 days prepartum to 180 days postpartum. Feed intake, body weight, and milk yields(MY) were recorded, and milk and blood samples were collected for analyses. Feces were collected from days 45 to 47 during early lactation and from days 90 to92 during mid-lactation to determine apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM), organic matter(OM),crude protein(CP) and crude fiber(CF). Energy corrected milk yield(ECM), feed conversion, and energy and nitrogen conversion efficiency were calculated. Yeast treated MP buffaloes consumed more DM(P han the untreated control group. Apparent digestibility of DM and OM were significantly greater at mid-lactation for treated versus control group(P = 0.001). Crude fiber digestibility was greater in MP than in PP buffaloes(P = 0.049), and yeast supplemented MP cows had a greater CF digestibility than control MP buffaloes at mid-lactation(P = 0.010). Total blood lipids decreased after yeast supplementation(P= 0.029). Milk yields, ECM, fat and protein yields increased for yeast treated MP buffaloes(P he study concluded that the response to yeast supplementation in buffalo cows is parity dependent. Multiparous buffaloes respond to yeast supplementation with an increased DM intake and CF digestibility without significant weight gains, allowing a greater ECM yield with less fat mobilization. Supplementing buffaloes with yeast culture may increase milk production in early lactation and results in a more persistent milk production during mi

关键词： Multiparous buffalo cows Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Feed additive Primiparous buffalo cows

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Effect of extrusion temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of a low-alloying and ultra-high strength Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn matrix composite containing trace TiC nanoparticles

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第3期8卷 676-691页

作者： K.B.Nie Z.h.Zhu K.K.Deng J.G.han College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024PR China Sharvci key laboratory of advanced magnesium-based materials Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024PR China

Mechanical properties of microalloying Mg-2.2Zn-1.8Ca-0.5Mn(wt%)matrix composites reinforced by 0.5 wt%TiC nanoparticles before and after extrusion were investigated based on the detailed microstructural analysis.A uniform distribution of TiC nanoparticles was realized in the nanocomposite by the method of ultrasonic-assisted semisolid *** morphology of eutectic Ca2Mg6Zn3 phases changed from plate-like in the free TiC nanoparticles region to lamellar in the dense TiC nanoparticles region for the as-cast *** the grain structure and precipitates were obviously refined as the extrusion temperature decreased from 350 to 270℃.The nanocomposite exhibited excellent tensile yield strength(352-428 MPa)which was governed by the extrusion *** grain refinement strengthening with the contribution ratio of^80%to this strength increment was much higher relative to thermal expansion effect,Orowan strengthening and dislocation *** recrystallized grain structure with a substantial of ne precipitates appeared in the nanocomposite extruded at 270℃.The refined grain structure was not only due to dynamic recrystallization,but also the synergistic pinning effect of nano-TiCp,precipitated MgZn2 and α-Mn *** tensile toughness value of nanocomposite after extrusion improved with increasing the extrusion *** micro-cracks formed along the remnant coarse Ca2Mg6Zn3 led to the structural failure during tension.

关键词： Magnesium matrix nanocomposite Microstructure Mechanical properties:Strengthening mechanism Extrusion

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Schistosomiasis is more prevalent than previously thought:what does it mean for public health goals,policies,strategies,guidelines and intervention programs?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 540-547页

作者： Daniel G.Colley Tamara S.Andros Carl h.Campbell Jr Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation(SCORE) Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases(CTEGD)University of Georgia500 DW Brooks DriveRoom 330B Coverdell CenterAthensGeorgia 30602USA Department of Microbiology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA

Mapping and diagnosis of infections by the three major schistosome species(Schistosoma haematobium,*** and ***)has been done with assays that are known to be specific but increasingly insensitive as prevalence declines or in areas with already low prevalence of *** becomes a true challenge to achieving the goal of elimination of schistosomiasis because the multiplicative portion of the life-cycle of schistosomes,in the snail vector,favors continued transmission as long as even a few people maintain low numbers of worms that pass eggs in their *** mapping tools based on detection of worm antigens(circulating cathodic antigen-CCA;circulating anodic antigen-CAA)in urine of those infected are highly sensitive and the CAA assay is reported to be highly *** these tools in areas of low prevalence of all three of these species of schistosomes has demonstrated that more people harbor adult worms than are regularly excreting eggs at a level detectable by the usual stool assay(Kato-Katz)or by urine *** very low prevalence areas this is sometimes 6-to10-fold *** with what appears to be a sizable population of“egg-negative/worm-positive schistosomiasis”especially in areas of very low prevalence,national NTD programs are confounded about what guidelines and strategies they should enact if they are to proceed toward a goal of *** is a critical need for continued evaluation of the assays involved and to understand the contribution of this“egg-negative/worm-positive schistosomiasis”condition to both individual morbidity and community *** is also a critical need for new guidelines based on the use of these more sensitive assays for those national NTD programs that wish to move forward to strategies designed for elimination.

关键词： Schistosomiasis mansoni Circulating cathodic antigen Kato-Katz Mapping Diagnosis

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Geochemistry,Petrogenesis and Alteration of Rare-Metal-Bearing Granitoids and Mineralized Silexite of the Al-Ghurayyah Stock,Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia

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地球科学学刊:英文版 2023年第5期34卷 1488-1510页

作者： hisham A.Gahlan Mokhles K.Azer Paul D.Asimow Mansour h.Al-hashim Department of Geology and Geophysics College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Geological Sciences Department National Research CentreCairoEgypt Division of Geological&Planetary Sciences California Institute of TechnologyPasadena CA 91125USA

New data are presented for the rare-metal bearing A-type granitoids of the AlGhurayyah stock in the northwestern segment of the Arabian Shield, a composite pluton intruding metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary successions of the Silasia Formation. Metals in the granitoids are variably enriched, with up to 1 990 μg/g Zn, 7 680 μg/g Zr, 2 316 μg/g Nb, 232 μg/g Ta, 485 μg/g hf, 670 μg/g Th, 137 μg/g U and 1 647 μg/g total rare earth elements(REE). The silexite is highly mineralized and yields higher maximum concentrations of several metals than the granitoids, including up to 1 860 μg/g Y, 9 400 μg/g Zr, 878 μg/g hf, 1 000 μg/g Th, and 2 029 μg/g total REE. The Al-Ghurayyah stock has been assigned to an intraplate setting. Lithospheric delamination led to generation of mantle melts that supplied heat to melt the juvenile crust of the ANS. The fluorine and rare-metal enriched parental magma evolved by fractional crystallization. The quartz-rich silexite, distinct in character from ordinary hydrothermal vein quartz, is inferred to be co-genetic with the granitoids on the basis of their similar REE patterns;it is interpreted as a small volume of residual magma enriched in SiO2, volatiles, and trace metals. Mineralization took place both at the magmatic stage and later during a hydrothermal stage that concentrated these elements to economic grades.

关键词： Arabian Shield Al-Ghurayyah rare metals silexite peralkaline granite hydrothermal metasomatism

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Design and implementation of a leader-follower cooperative control system for unmanned helicopters

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2010年第1期8卷 61-68页

作者： Ben YUN Ben M. ChEN Kai Yew LUM Tong h. LEE Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Temasek Laboratories National University of Singapore Singapore 117508

In this paper, we present a full scheme for the cooperative control of multiple unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） helicopters. We adopt the leader-follower pattern to maintain a fixed geometrical formation while navigating the UAVs following certain trajectories. More specifically, the leader is commanded to fly on some predefined trajectories, and each follower is controlled to maintain its position in formation using the measurement of its inertial position and the information of the leader position and velocity, obtained through a wireless modem. More specifications are made for multiple UAV formation flight. In order to avoid possible collisions of UAV helicopters in the actual formation flight test, a collision avoidance scheme based on some predefined alert zones and protected zones is employed. Simulations and experimental results are presented to verify our design.

关键词： Unmanned aerialvehicles Cooperative control Flight formation Collision avoidance

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Sexual differences in weaponry and defensive behavior in a neotropical harvestman

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Current Zoology 2019年第5期65卷 553-558页

作者： Julio M.G.SEGOVIA Gabriel P.MURAYAMA Rodrigo h.WILLEMART Laboratorio de Ecologia Sensorial e Comportamento de Artropodes Escolade ArtesCiencias e Humanidades da Universidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduaqao em Zoologia Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduaqao em Ecologia e Evoluqao Universidade Federal de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Sexual differences in morphology can evolve by sexual selection and/or natural *** some species,only males have morphological structures that are used as *** some weapons may also be used for defensive purposes,males and females may behave differently towards *** some species of harvestmen(Arachnida and Opiliones),males have sharp apophyses("spines")on their 4th pair of legs whereas females lack *** apophyses are used in malemale fights and in antipredatory *** harvestmen antipredatory repertory also encompasses passive defenses such as thanatosis(death feigning),retaliation(attack on predators),and chemical *** to the sexual differences on weaponry,we hypothesized that males and females of Mischonyx cuspidatus(Gonyleptidae)rely on different defensive *** experimentally induced males and females to perform 3 defensive behaviors:thanatosis,pinching with legs,and chemical *** predicted that females would engage more in passive and chemical defenses than males,whereas males would rely more on retaliation than *** expected,females performed thanatosis more often than ***,males performed retaliation more often than *** did not find differences in the rate of chemical defense use between the *** study provides evidence that due to sexual dimorphism,alternative antipredatory behaviors may have been selected in the different sexes in ***.

关键词： Arachnida death feigning nipping thanatosis weapon Opiliones

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Industrial and Small-Scale Biomass Dryers:An Overview

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Energy Engineering 2021年第3期118卷 435-446页

作者： P.Murugan S.Dhanushkodi K.Sudhakar Vincent h.Wilson Department of Mechanical Engineering St.Anne’s College of Engineering and Technology(Affiliated to Anna University)Tamilnadu607106India School of Engineering and Technology PRIST UniversityPuducherry605007India Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology University Malaysia PahangPahang26600Malaysia Automotive Engineering Centre University Malaysia PahangPahang26600Malaysia Department of Technology Management School of Mechanical EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India

The quality of the drying process depends mainly on the efficient use of thermal *** systems based on solar energy takes a leading role in the drying of agro-products because of low operating ***,they are limited in use during off–sun *** dryer is one of the simplest ways of drying because of its potential to dry products regardless of time and climate *** other benefit is that crop residues could be used as fuel in these ***,the major limitation of the dryer is unequal drying because of poor airflow distribution in the drying medium,which can be improved by integrating some design changes in the *** review analyses the two types of biomass dryers:industrial biomass dryers and small biomass dryers for food product,along with their ***,studies on technical,sustainability and economic aspects are expected to provide a greater understanding of biomass drying.

关键词： Biomass dryer sustainable energy biomass direct indirect drying time

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Survival and an overview of decision-making in patients with cholangiocarcinoma

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第4期7卷 412-417页

作者： hvard Mjφrud Forsmo Arild horn Asgaut Viste Dag hoem Kjell φvrebφ Department of Surgery Haukeland University HospitalBergenNorway Department of Surgical Sciences Haukeland University HospitalBergenNorway

BACKGROUND:Cholangiocarcinoma is rare,accounting for approximately 3%of all gastrointestinal *** study aimed to identify the survival rate among surgically treated and palliated patients,and secondly to identify parameters that could predict a curative resection. METhODS:A total of 121 patients,55 men and 66 women, median age 70 years(range 31-91),who had been treated for cholangiocarcinoma in the period of 1990-2005 were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS:Curative resection was performed in 40 patients (33%),whereas 81 received palliative treatment(67%).16% (19 of 121)of the patients had an explorative laparotomy without tumour *** above 65 years(OR 3.4;95% CI 1.4-8.4;P=0.008),weight loss(OR 8.5;95%CI 1.5-46; P=0.01)or tumour location(The resection rate of hilar cholangiocarcinoma was lower than that of intrapancreatic cancer.)(OR 2.7;95%CI 1.7-4.5;P=0.001)predicted palliative *** adjusted 5-year survival rate of patients who received tumour resection and palliative treatment was 30%and 1.2%,respectively(Phe survival rate of patients who were subjected to hepatectomy (70%)was better than that of patients who had a local or distal resection(20%)(P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS:In few patients with a resectable cholangiocarcinoma,an explorative laparotomy is often necessary to evaluate ***,long-term survival is significantly better in patients who received radical surgical resection.

关键词： cholangiocarcinoma survival treatment surgery

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Seroprevalence of celiac disease among United Arab Emirates healthy adult nationals: A gender disparity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15830-15836页

作者： Yousif A Abu-Zeid Waheeba S Jasem Benjamin Lebwohl Peter h Green Gehad ElGhazali Department of Biology College of Science United Arab Emirates University Ambulatory healthcare Services Abu Dhabi Health Services Company Celiac Disease Center at Columbia University Department of Medicine Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Mafraq hospital and Sheikh Khalifa Medical City

AIM: To determine celiac disease (CD) prevalence and associated manifestations or risk factors in healthy adult Emiratis.

关键词： Celiac disease Epidemiology Serology Prevalence Gender United Arab Emirates

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