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The technology for detection of gamma-ray burst with GEcAM satellite

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2022年第1期6卷 12-25页

作者： x.q.li x.Y.wen Z.h.An c.cai Z.chang G.chen c.chen Y.Y.Du M.Gao R.Gao K.Gong D.Y.Guo j.j.he D.j.hou Y.G.li c.Y.li G.li l.li x.F.li M.s.li x.h.liang x.j.liu Y.q.liu F.j.lu h.lu b.Meng w.x.peng F.shi x.l.sun h.wang j.Z.wang Y.s.wang h.Z.wang x.wen s.xiao s.l.xiong Y.b.xu Y.p.xu s.yang j.w.yang q.b.Yi D.l.zhang Fan zhang s.N.zhang c.Y.zhang c.M.zhang Fei zhang x.Y.Zhao Y.Zhao x.Zhou c.s.zhang j.p.Yu l.chang K.K.zhang j.huang Y.M.chen x.b.han Institute of high Energy physics CASBeijing 100049China xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105China beijing Normal University Beijing 110875China beijing Glass Research Institute Beijing 101100China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of cAs Shanghai 201204China

Introduction The main physical objective of the GEcAM satellite is to detect gamma-ray bursts,which is related to gravitational waves of double compact object *** GEcAM satellite also detects and investigates various bursts of high-energy celestial *** and methods In this study,we designed,developed and calibrated the payload and launched it into orbit with GEcAM *** payload consists of the gamma ray detector(GRD,for detecting 4 keV–4 MeV x/γray),the charged particle detector(cpD,for detecting 150 keV–5 MeV charged particle),and the electronic box(EbOx).The all-sky field coverage is achieved via two 229-degree large-area satellites positioned 180 degrees apart and are on opposite sides of the *** satellite is equipped with 25 GRDs and 8 cpDs;thus,the satellite can identify charged particle bursts in ***-ray detectors adopt lanthanum bromide crystal technology combined with silicon *** is the first time that this technology was used massively in space *** The GEcAM satellite can quickly determine the direction of gamma-ray bursts(positioning)via indexing and fitting method,while the transmit variability,energy spectrum and direction of the gamma-ray bursts guide subsequent observations through the beidou-3 RDss in quasi-real *** will play an important role in the study of high energy celestial bursts.

关键词： GEcAM Gamma-ray burst lanthanum bromide crystal silicon photomultiplier beidou short message

sIMUlATION OF ThE MAGNETIZATION REVERsAl pROcEss OF REcTANGlE-shApED NiFe FIlM ElEMENTs UNDER AN ORThOGONAl MAGNETIc FIElD

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English letters) 2005年第5期18卷 642-646页

作者： w.l. zhang R.j. Tang w.x. zhang b. peng h. c. jiang h.w. zhang school of Microelectronics and solid-state Electronics University of Electronic science and Technology of china Chengdu 610054 China

The magnetization reversal process of nano-size rectangle-shaped NiFe film elements with different aspect ratios have been investigated under the orthogonally applied magnetic fields by micromagnetic simulation. Different magnetization reversal modes can appear depending on whether the bias field is applied or not. when there is no bias field, double “c” state is the initial reversal state. however, when there is a bias field, “s” state is the starting mode. The larger the aspect ratio is, the larger the switching field is. but, when the aspect ratio is larger than 3, the increase of the switching field ceases. These results can provide useful information to the application of the patterned NiFe film with rectangular elements.

关键词： NiFe film element micromagnetics aspect ratio magnetization reversal,switching field

The design and performance of GRD onboard the GEcAM satellite

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2022年第1期6卷 43-52页

作者： Z.h.An x.l.sun D.l.zhang s.yang x.q.li x.Y.wen K.Gong x.h.liang x.j.liu Y.q.liu Y.G.li s.l.xiong Y.b.xu Fan zhang x.Y.Zhao c.cai Z.chang G.chen c.chen Y.Y.Du p.Y.Feng M.Gao R.Gao D.Y.Guo j.j.he D.j.hou c.Y.li G.li l.li x.F.li M.s.li F.j.lu h.lu b.Meng w.x.peng F.shi h.wang j.Z.wang Y.s.wang h.Z.wang x.wen s.xiao Y.p.xu j.w.yang q.b.Yi s.N.zhang c.Y.zhang c.M.zhang Fei zhang Y.Zhao x.Zhou cAs Institute of High Energy PhysicsBeijing 100049China state Key laboratory of particle Detection and Electronics Beijing 100049China 3 Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China 4 Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 110875China xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105China beijing Normal University Beijing 110875China

background Each GEcAM satellite payload contains 25 gamma-ray detectors(GRDs),which can detect gamma-rays and particles and can roughly localize the Gamma-Ray bursts(GRbs).GRD was designed using lanthanum bromide(labr3)crystal as the sensitive material with the rear end coupled with silicon photomultiplier(sipM)array for *** In aerospace engineering design of GRD,there are many key points to be *** this paper,we present the specific design scheme of GRD,the assembly and the performance test results of *** based on Monte carlo simulation and experimental test results,the specific schematic design and assembling process of GRD were *** being fully assembled,the GRDs were conducted performance tests by using radioactive source and also conducted random vibration *** and conclusion The test results show that all satellite-borne GRDs have energy resolutionquirements of satellite in scientific *** random vibration test shows that GRD can maintain in a stable performance,which meets the requirement of spatial application.

关键词： lanthanum bromide scintillator sipM array GEcAM Gamma-ray detector Energy resolution

Dedicated sipM array for GRD of GEcAM

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2022年第1期6卷 63-69页

作者： D.l.zhang x.l.sun Z.h.An x.q.li x.Y.wen K.Gong c.cai Z.chang G.chen c.chen Y.Y.Du M.Gao R.Gao D.Y.Guo j.j.he D.j.hou Y.G.li c.Y.li G.li l.li x.F.li M.s.li x.h.liang x.j.liu Y.q.liu F.j.lu h.lu b.Meng w.x.peng F.shi h.wang j.Z.wang Y.s.wang h.Z.wang x.wen s.xiao s.l.xiong Y.b.xu Y.p.xu s.yang1 x.Zhou j.w.yang Fan zhang s.N.zhang c.Y.zhang c.M.zhang Fei zhang x.Y.Zhao Institute of high Energy physics CASBeijing 100049China state Key laboratory of particle Detection and Electronics Beijing 100049China

purpose The discovery of gravitational waves and gamma-ray bursts heralds the era of multi-messenger *** the adoption of two small satellites to achieve the all-sky monitoring of gamma-ray bursts,the gravitational wave highenergy electromagnetic counterpart all-sky monitor(GEcAM)possesses a quasi-real-time early warning ability and plays an important role in positioning the sources of gravitational waves and in subsequent *** satellite of GEcAM was fitted with 253-inch-diameter gamma-ray detectors(GRD),covering an energy range of 8–2 *** have adopted silicon photomultiplier tubes(sipM)in lieu of photomultiplier tubes(pMT)to adapt to the dimensional limitations of *** A unique 3-inch circular sipM array was *** this design,646×6 mm chips were arranged evenly in a circular manner with the seams filled with reflecting films,thus achieving satisfactory uniformity of light *** integrated pre-amplifier circuit on the back of the sipM array adopted two-level grouping and summing;further,it achieved a satisfactory signal-to-noise *** high-gain and low-gain channels were adopted to achieve a large dynamic range,and two independent power supply units were used,where each unit can be closed separately,thus improving *** performance studies show that this sipM array meets the requirements of *** A 3-inch sipM array have been developed that uses grouped summation,reflective films,a circular arrangement,two groups of independent power supplies,high-and low-gain signals,differential signal output technologies,*** solution can be used not only for GEcAM,but also as a general solution for sipM-based scintillation detectors.

关键词： sipM GEcAM Gamma-ray signal-to-noise ratio Reflecting film pre-amplifier

quality assurance test and failure analysis of sipM arrays of GEcAM satellites

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2022年第1期6卷 35-42页

作者： D.l.zhang M.Gao x.l.sun x.q.li Z.h.An x.Y.wen c.cai Z.chang G.chen c.chen Y.Y.Du R.Gao K.Gong D.Y.Guo j.j.he D.j.hou Y.G.li c.Y.li G.li l.li x.F.li M.s.li x.h.liang x.j.liu Y.q.liu F.j.lu h.lu b.Meng w.x.peng F.shi h.wang j.Z.wang Y.s.wang h.Z.wang x.wen s.xiao s.l.xiong Y.b.xu Y.p.xu s.yang j.w.yang Fan.zhang s.N.zhang c.Y.zhang c.M.zhang Fei zhang x.Y.Zhao x.Zhou Institute of high Energy physics CASBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China

background The Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic counterpart All-sky Monitor(GEcAM)satellite developed a sipM-based gamma-ray detector to monitor the gravitational wave-related GRbs and guide subsequent observations in other wavelengths of *** As all the available sipM devices belong to commercial grade,quality assurance tests need to be performed in accordance with the aerospace *** In the sipM application of GEcAM,quality assurance experiments were *** mechanism of the failure of sipM devices was analyzed during the development *** based on the quality assurance test results,the fnal pass rate of sipM array was 95%.based on the failure analysis,it was found that a piece of sipM had a leakage channel after longtime operation due to device *** According to the accumulated experience,in the reliability test of sipM,it is necessary to pay special attention to test the impedance of each pin of sipM to ground and confrm that the power switch state of sipM is controllable.

关键词： Gravitational waves Gamma-ray detectors silicon photomultipliers quality assurance test Failure analysis

Reconstruction of cherenkov image bymultiple telescopes of lhAAsO-wFcTA

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2022年第4期6卷 544-557页

作者： F.Aharonian q.An Axikegu l.x.bai Y.x.bai Y.w.bao D.bastieri x.j.bi Y.j.bi j.T.cai Zhe cao Zhen cao j.chang j.F.chang E.s.chen liang chen liang chen long chen M.j.chen M.l.chen q.h.chen s.h.chen s.Z.chen T.l.chen Y.chen h.l.cheng N.cheng Y.D.cheng s.w.cui x.h.cui Y.D.cui b.D’Ettorre piazzoli b.Z.Dai h.l.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu Ddella Volpe K.K.Duan j.h.Fan Y.Z.Fan Z.x.Fan j.Fang K.Fang c.F.Feng l.Feng s.h.Feng x.T.Feng Y.l.Feng b.Gao c.D.Gao l.q.Gao q.Gao w.Gao w.K.Gao M.M.Ge l.s.Geng G.h.Gong q.b.Gou M.h.Gu F.l.Guo j.G.Guo x.l.Guo Y.q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.han h.h.he h.N.he s.l.he x.b.he Y.he M.heller Y.K.hor c.hou x.hou h.b.hu q.hu s.hu s.c.hu x.j.hu D.h.huang w.h.huang x.T.huang x.Y.huang Y.huang Z.c.huang x.l.ji h.Y.jia K.jia K.jiang Z.j.jiang M.jin M.M.Kang T.Ke D.Kuleshov K.levochkin b.b.li cheng li cong li F.li h.b.li h.c.li h.Y.li j.li jian li jie li K.li wlli xRli xin li xin li YZli Zhe li Zhuo li E.w.liang Y.F.liang s.j.lin b.liu c.liu D.liu h.liu h.D.liu j.liu j.l.liu j.s.liu j.Y.liu M.Y.liu R.Y.liu s.M.liu w.liu Y.liu Y.N.liu w.j.long R.lu q.luo h.K.lv b.q.Ma l.l.Ma x.h.Ma j.R.Mao A.Masood Z.Min w.Mitthumsiri Y.c.Nan Z.w.Ou b.Y.pang p.pattarakijwanich Z.Y.pei M.Y.qi Y.q.qi b.q.qiao j.j.qin D.Ruffolo A.sáiz c.Y.shao l.shao O.shchegolev x.D.sheng j.Y.shi h.c.song Yu.V.stenkin V.stepanov Y.su q.N.sun x.N.sun Z.b.sun p.h.T.Tam Z.b.Tang w.w.Tian b.D.wang c.wang h.wang h.G.wang j.c.wang j.s.wang l.p.wang l.Y.wang R.wang R.N.wang w.wang x.G.wang x.Y.wang Y.wang Y.D.wang Y.j.wang Y.p.wang Z.h.wang Z.x.wang Zhen wang Zheng wang D.M.wei j.j.wei Y.j.wei T.wen c.Y.wu h.R.wu s.wu x.F.wu Y.s.wu s.q.xi j.xia j.j.xia G.M.xiang D.x.xiao G.xiao G.G.xin Y.l.xin Y.xing Z.xiong D.l.xu R.x.xu l.xue D.h.Yan j.Z.Yan c.w.yang F.F.yang h.w.yang j.Y.yang l.l.yang M.j.yang R.Z.yang s.b.yang Y.h.Yao Z.G.Yao Y.M.Ye l.q.Yin N.Yin x.h.You Z.Y.You Y.h.Yu q.Yuan h.Yue h.D.Zeng T.x.Zeng w.Zeng Z.K.Zeng M.Zha x.x.Zhai b.b.zhang F.zhang h.M.zhang h.Y.zhang j.l.zhang l.x.zhang li zhang lu zhang p.F.zhang p.p.zhang R.zhang s.b.zhang s.R.zhang s. Key laboratory of particle Astrophyics&Experimental physics Division&computing center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU cosmic Ray Research center ChengduSichuanChina Dublin Institute for Advanced studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place2DublinIreland Max-planck-Institut for Nuclear physics P.O.Box 10398069029 HeidelbergGermany state Key laboratory of particle Detection and Electronics BeijingChina University of science and Technology of china Hefei 230026AnhuiChina school of physical science and Technology&school of Information science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031SichuanChina college of physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina school of Astronomy and space science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023JiangsuChina center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina Key laboratory of Dark Matter and space Astronomy&Key laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023JiangsuChina Key laboratory for Research in Galaxies and cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Key laboratory of cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000TibetChina National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024HebeiChina school of physics and Astronomy(Zhuhai)&sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China school of physics(Guangzhou) Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Universitàdi Napoli“Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelovia Cinthia80126 NapoliItaly school of physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091YunnanChina Département de physique Nucléaire et corpusculaire Facultéde SciencesUniversitéde Genève

Introduction One of main scientiﬁc goals of the large high Altitude Air shower Observatory(lhAAsO)is to accurately measure the energy spectra of different cosmic ray compositions around the‘knee’*** wide Field-of-View(FoV)cherenkov Telescope Array(wFcTA),which is one of the main detectors of lhAAsO and has 18 telescopes,is built to achieve this *** telescopes are put together and point to connected directions for a larger *** Telescopes are deployed spatially as close as possible,but due to their own size,the distance between two adjacent telescopes is about 10 ***,the cherenkov lateral distribution and the parallax between the two telescopes should be considered in the event building process for images crossing over the boundaries of FoVs of the *** event building method for cherenkov images measured by multiple telescopes of wFcTA is *** performance of the shower measurements using the combined images is evaluated by comparing with showers that are fully contained by a virtual telescope in *** and conclusion It is proved that the developed event building process can help to increase the FoV of wFcTA by 30%while maintaining the same reconstruction quality,compared to the separate telescope reconstruction method.

关键词： method directions conclusion

phased Array Feed Experiments and Galactic hI Observations

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第8期23卷 297-307页

作者： b.liu h.w.xi D.j.Ding Z.w.wang s.h.Yu Y.Zhu l.Yu x.zhang j.l.li l.j.liu q.su Y.wu c.j.jin b.peng National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China school of Astronomy and space science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China The 54th Research Institute of china Electronic Technology Group cooperation Shijiazhuang 050081China

The phased Array Feed(pAF)is considered as one of the next generation receivers for radio telescopes,which can significantly enlarge the instantaneous Field-of-View of large aperture single dish radio telescopes and enable more flexible observing *** efforts on pAF development for radio telescopes have been made for more than two decades and have become more and more *** report the development of an ambient-temperature 19 element l-band pAF system and the experimental results including its far field beam pattern and system temperature measurement,which achieve the *** the aperture array beam-forming method,we demonstrate a wide-field Galactic hI observations in the radio camera *** results indicate that this system might be applicable for strong Galactic transient *** system could be directly equipped to large telescopes like the Five-hundred-meter Aperture spherical radio Telescope(FAsT)and FAsT array in the future.

关键词： instrumentation detectors-techniques imaging spectroscopy-line profiles

Avian influenza viruses suppress innate immunity by inducingtrans-transcriptional readthrough via ssU72

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第6期19卷 702-714页

作者： Yan Zhao Fengming huang Zhen Zou Yuhai bi yang yang cong zhang qiang liu Daozhen shang Yiwu Yan xiangwu ju song Mei peng xie xiao li Mingyao Tian shuguang Tan huijun lu Zongsheng han Kangtai liu Yuqing zhang junbo liang Zhu liang qingchao zhang jiahui chang william jliu cong Feng Tanshi li Michael q.zhang xiaoyue wang George FGao Yingxia liu Ningyi jin chengyu jiang state Key laboratory of Medical Molecular biology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesDepartment of BiochemistryPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China shenzhen Key laboratory of pathogen and Immunity State Key Discipline of Infectious DiseaseSecond Hospital Affiliated with Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen Third People’s HospitalShenzhenGuangdong 518112China cAs Key laboratory of pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyCenter for Influenza Research and Early-warning(CASCIRE)CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases(CEEID)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China school of life science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230027China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Genetic Engineering laboratory Institute of Military VeterinaryAcademy of Military Medical SciencesChangchunJilin 130062China state Key laboratory of biotherapy/collaborative Innovation center for biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610000China state Key laboratory of Medical Molecular biology Department of Biochemistry and Center for BioinformaticsInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China National Institute for Viral Disease control and prevention Chinese Centers for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Department of Emergency General Hospital of the PLAHaidian DistrictBeijing 100853China Department of biological sciences and center for systems biology The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTXUSA

Innate immunity plays critical antiviral roles. The highly virulent avian influenza viruses (AIVs) h5N1, h7N9, and h5N6 can betterescape host innate immune responses than the less virulent seasonal h1N1 virus. here, we report a mechanism by whichtranscriptional readthrough (TRT)-mediated suppression of innate immunity occurs post AIV infection. by using cell lines, mouselungs, and patient pbMcs, we showed that genes on the complementary strand (“trans” genes) influenced by TRT were involved inthe disruption of host antiviral responses during AIV infection. The trans-TRT enhanced viral lethality, and TRT abolishmentincreased cell viability and sTAT1/2 expression. The viral Ns1 protein directly bound to ssU72, and degradation of ssU72 inducedTRT. ssU72 overexpression reduced TRT and alleviated mouse lung injury. Our results suggest that AIVs infection induce TRT byreducing ssU72 expression, thereby impairing host immune responses, a molecular mechanism acting through the Ns1-ssU72-trans-TRT-sTAT1/2 axis. Thus, restoration of ssU72 expression might be a potential strategy for preventing AIV pandemics.

关键词： AIV infection TRT ssU72 Ns1 Immune escape

The lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy Onboard the sATech-01 satellite

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天文和天体物理学研究:英文版 2023年第9期23卷 66-78页

作者： Z.x.ling x.j.sun c.zhang s.l.sun G.jin s.N.zhang x.F.zhang j.b.chang F.s.chen Y.F.chen Z.w.cheng w.Fu Y.x.han h.li j.F.li Y.li Z.D.li p.R.liu Y.h.lv x.h.Ma Y.j.Tang c.b.wang R.j.xie Y.l.xue A.l.Yan q.zhang c.Y.bao h.b.cai h.q.cheng c.Z.cui Y.F.Dai D.w.Fan h.b.hu j.w.hu M.h.huang Z.q.jia c.c.jin D.Y.li j.q.li h.Y.liu M.j.liu Y.liu h.w.pan Y.l.qiu M.sugizaki h.sun w.x.wang Y.l.wang q.Y.wu x.p.xu Y.F.xu h.N.yang x.yang b.zhang M.zhang w.D.zhang Z.zhang D.h.Zhao x.q.cong b.w.jiang l.h.li x.b.qiu j.N.sun D.T.su j.wang c.wu Z.xu x.M.yang s.K.zhang Z.zhang N.zhang Y.F.Zhu h.Y.ban x.Z.bi Z.M.cai w.chen x.chen Y.h.chen Y.cui x.l.Duan Z.G Feng Y.Gao j.w.he T.he j.j.huang F.li j.s.li T.j.li T.T.li h.q.liu l.liu R.liu s.liu N.Meng q.shi A.T.sun Y.M.wang Y.b.wang h.c.wu D.x xu Y.q yang Y.yang x.s.Yu K.x.zhang Y.l.zhang Y.h.zhang Y.T.zhang h.Zhou x.c.Zhu j.s.cheng l.qin l.wang q.l.wang M.bai R.l.Gao Z.ji Y.R.liu F.l.Ma Y.j.shi j.su Y.Y.Tan j.Z.Tong h.T.xu c.b.xue G.F.xue w.Yuan National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China school of Astronomy and space science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China shanghai Institute of Technical physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China North Night Vision Technology co. LTDNanjing 211106China Institute of high Energy physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China science and Technology on low-light-level Night Vision laboratory Xi'an 710065China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China National space science center Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China

The lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy(lEIA),a pathfinder of the wide-field x-ray Telescope of the Einstein probe mission,was successfully launched onboard the sATech-01 satellite of the chinese Academy of sciences on2022 july *** this paper,we introduce the design and on-ground test results of the lEIA *** stateof-the-art Micro-pore Optics(MpO),a wide field of view of 346 square degrees(18.6°×18.6°)of the x-ray imager is *** optical assembly composed of 36 MpO chips is used to focus incident x-ray photons,and four large-format complementary metal-oxide semiconductor(cMOs)sensors,each of size 6 cm×6 cm,are used as the focal plane *** instrument has an angular resolution of 4’-8’(in terms of FwhM)for the central focal spot of the point-spread function,and an effective area of 2-3 cm^(2) at 1 keV in essentially all the directions within the field of *** detection passband is 0.5-4 keV in soft x-rays and the sensitivity is2-3×10^(-11) erg s^(-1) cm^(-2)(about 1 millicrab)with a 1000 s *** total weight of lEIA is 56 kg and the power is 85 *** satellite,with a design lifetime of 2 yr,operates in a sun-synchronous orbit of 500 km with an orbital period of 95 *** is paving the way for future missions by verifying in flight the technologies of both novel focusing imaging optics and cMOs sensors for x-ray observation,and by optimizing the working setups of the instrumental *** addition,lEIA is able to carry out scientific observations to find new transients and to monitor known sources in the soft x-ray band,albeit with limited useful observing time available.

关键词： instrumentation detectors-space vehicles instruments-telescopes-x-rays genera