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Disinfection of dairy wastewater effluent through solar photocatalysis processes

Water Science and Engineering 2018年第3期11卷 214-219页

作者： Mojtaba afsharnia Mojtaba Kianmehr hamed Biglari Abdollah Dargahi Abdolreza Karimi Faculty of health Gonabad University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Gonabad University of Medical Sciences Faculty of health Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Engineering Qom University of Technology

Due to the strict regulations and reuse policies that govern wastewater's use as an irrigation water resource for agricultural purposes, especially in dry climates, optimization of the disinfection process is of the utmost importance. The effects of solar radiation along with Titanium dioxide(TiO_2) nanoparticles applied to optimization of the photolysis and photocatalysis processes for inactivating heterotrophic bacteria were investigated. Temperature, p h, and dissolved oxygen fluctuations in the dairy wastewater effluent treated by activated sludge were examined. In addition,different dosages of TiO_2 were tested in the solar photocatalysis(ph-C S) and concentrated solar photocatalysis(ph-C CS) processes. The results show that the disinfection efficiencies of the solar photolysis(ph-L S) and concentrated solar photolysis(ph-L CS) processes after 30 min were about 10.5% and 68.9%, respectively, and that the ph-C S and ph-C CS processes inactivated 41% and 97% of the heterotrophic bacteria after 30 min, respectively. The p h variation in these processes was negligible. Using the ph-L CS and ph-C CS processes, the synergistic effect between the optical and thermal inactivation caused complete disinfection after three hours. however, disinfection was faster in the ph-C CS process than in the ph-L CS process. Significant correlations were found between the disinfection efficiency and the variation of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the ph-C S and ph-C CS processes, while the correlations between the disinfection efficiency and temperature variation were not significant in the ph-L S and ph-C S processes. Moreover, the oxygen consumption rate was greatest(3.2 mg··L^(-1)) in the ph-C CS process. hence,it could be concluded that the ph-C CS process is an efficient photocatalysis process for disinfection of dairy wastewater effluent.

关键词： Dairy wastewater Disinfection Photocatalyst Solar Photolysis and photocatalysis TiO2

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The effect of dynamic loading on abrasion of mulberry fruit using digital image analysis

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2017年第4期4卷 291-299页

作者： FatemeH.Afsharnia Saman Abdanan Mehdizadeh Mahmoud Ghaseminejad Mokhtar heidari Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of KhuzestanIran Department of Mechanics of Biosystems Engineering Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of KhuzestanIran Department of horticultural Science Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of KhuzestanIran

The quality of fruits can be reduced due to some damages and impacts which occur during harvesting.One of the most important mechanical damages that can reduce the quality of ripe fruit quality is abrasion damage.This study focused on the effect of dynamic loading based on customary harvesting method on mulberry fruit properties.To this end,different maturity stage and storage regimes were considered.Color quality parameters,firmness,total soluble solid(TSS),total anthocyanins content(TAC)and abrasion area were the measured factors.The results revealed that none of the surveyed factors were stable during the experiment.The lightness(L^*),redness(a^*),yellowness(b^*),C^* value,firmness,TSS and TAC of immature and mature mulberry decreased during storage.The value of a^*,b^* and C^* increased as dropping height increased.however,L*value,firmness,TSS and TAC of mulberry fruit decreased at both maturity stages(immature and mature mulberry).Moreover,abrasion area increased at immature and mature mulberries by increasing the dropping height and storage time.

关键词： Abrasion Dynamic loading Postharvest quality Mulberry

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Power systems wide-area voltage stability assessment considering dissimilar load variations and credible contingencies

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第1期7卷 78-87页

作者： Bahram ShAKERIGhADI Farrokh AMINIFAR Saeed afsharnia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran

This paper reveals that the existing techniques have some deficiencies in the proper estimation of voltage stability margin(VSM) when applied to a power system with different load change scenarios.The problem gets worse when credible contingencies occur.This paper proposes a real-time wide-area approach to estimate VSM of power systems with different possible load change scenarios under normal and contingency operating conditions.The new method is based on an artificial neural network(ANN) whose inputs are bus voltage phasors captured by phasor measurement units(PMUs) and rates of change of active power loads.A new input feature is also accommodated to overcome the inability of trained ANN in prediction of VSM under N-1 and N-2 contingencies.With a new algorithm, the number of contingencies is reduced for the effective training of ANN.Robustness of the proposed technique is assured through adding a random noise to input variables.To deal with systems with a limited number of PMUs, a search algorithm is accomplished to identify the optimal placement of PMUs.The proposed method is examined on the IEEE 6-bus and the New England 39-bus test system.Results show that the VSM could be predicted with less than 1% error.

关键词： Artificial neural network(ANN) Phasor measurement unit(PMU) Voltage stability margin(VSM)

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Dielectric metasurfaces for distance measurements and three-dimensional imaging

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Advanced Photonics 2019年第3期1卷 20-28页

作者： Chunqi Jin Mina afsharnia RenéBerlich Stefan Fasold Chengjun Zou Dennis Arslan Isabelle Staude Thomas Pertsch Frank Setzpfandt Friedrich Schiller University Jena Institute of Applied PhysicsAbbe Center of PhotonicsJenaGermany Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChangchunChina University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering JenaGermany

Ultrathin metasurfaces have shown the capability to influence all aspects of light propagation.This has made them promising options for replacing conventional bulky imaging optics while adding advantageous optical properties or functionalities.We demonstrate that such metasurfaces can also be applied for single-lens three-dimensional(3-D)imaging based on a specifically engineered point-spread function(PSF).Using huygens’metasurfaces with high transmission,we design and realize a phase mask that implements a rotating PSF for 3-D imaging.We experimentally characterize the properties of the realized double-helix PSF,finding that it can uniquely encode object distances within a wide range.Furthermore,we experimentally demonstrate wide-field depth retrieval within a 3-D scene,showing the suitability of metasurfaces to realize optics for 3-D imaging,using just a single camera and lens system.

关键词： optics nanophotonics metasurfaces Mie-resonances three-dimensional imaging point-spread function engineering

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Gaussian process hydrodynamics

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第7期44卷 1175-1198页

作者： h.OWhADI California Institute of Technology MC 9-94PasadenaCA 91125U.S.A.

We present a Gaussian process(GP)approach,called Gaussian process hydrodynamics(GPh)for approximating the solution to the Euler and Navier-Stokes(NS)equations.Similar to smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPh),GPh is a Lagrangian particle-based approach that involves the tracking of a finite number of particles transported by a flow.however,these particles do not represent mollified particles of matter but carry discrete/partial information about the continuous flow.Closure is achieved by placing a divergence-free GP priorξon the velocity field and conditioning it on the vorticity at the particle locations.Known physics(e.g.,the Richardson cascade and velocityincrement power laws)is incorporated into the GP prior by using physics-informed additive kernels.This is equivalent to expressingξas a sum of independent GPsξl,which we call modes,acting at different scales(each modeξlself-activates to represent the formation of eddies at the corresponding scales).This approach enables a quantitative analysis of the Richardson cascade through the analysis of the activation of these modes,and enables us to analyze coarse-grain turbulence statistically rather than deterministically.Because GPh is formulated by using the vorticity equations,it does not require solving a pressure equation.By enforcing incompressibility and fluid-structure boundary conditions through the selection of a kernel,GPh requires significantly fewer particles than SPh.Because GPh has a natural probabilistic interpretation,the numerical results come with uncertainty estimates,enabling their incorporation into an uncertainty quantification(UQ)pipeline and adding/removing particles(quanta of information)in an adapted manner.The proposed approach is suitable for analysis because it inherits the complexity of state-of-the-art solvers for dense kernel matrices and results in a natural definition of turbulence as information loss.Numerical experiments support the importance of selecting physics-informed kernels and illustrate the major impact of such kernels on t

关键词： I Navier-Stokes(NS)equation Euler Lagrangian vorticity Gaussian pro-cess(GP) physics-informed kernel

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