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Postmortem ^(7)Li NMR analysis for assessing th. reversibility of lith.um metal electrodes in lith.um metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Ch.mistry 2024年第7期94卷 430-440页

作者： Jaewon Baek Sunh. kim h.e-Tak kim Oc h.e h.n Department of Ch.mical&Biomolecular Engineering KAISTDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Metropolitan Seoul Center Korea Basic Science InstituteSeoul 03759Republic of Korea Graduate Sch.ol of Analytical Science&Tech.ology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

Despite th. proficiency of lith.um(Li)-7 NMR spectroscopy in delineating th. ph.sical and ch.mical states of Li metal electrodes,ch.llenges in specimen preparation and interpretation impede its *** th.s study,we conducted a compreh.nsive postmortem analysis utilizing ^(7)Li NMR,employing a stan-dard magic angle spinning probe to examine protective-layer coated Li metal electrodes and LiAg alloy electrodes against bare Li metal electrodes with.n Li metal batteries(LMBs).Our investigation explores th. effects of sample burrs,alignment with.th. magnetic field,th. existence of liquid electrolytes,and precycling on th. ^(7)Li NMR *** contrasting NMR spectra before and after cycling,we identi-fied alterations in Li^(0) and Li^(+) signals attributable to th. degradation of th. Li metal *** NMR analyses decisively demonstrate th. efficacy of th. protective layer in mitigating dendrite and solid elec-trolyte interph.se ***,we noted th.t Li*ions near th. Li metal surface exh.bit magnetic susceptibility anisotropy,revealing a novel approach.to studying diamagnetic species on Li metal elec-trodes in *** study provides valuable insigh.s and practical guidelines for ch.racterizing distinct lith.um states with.n LMBs.

关键词： NMR spectroscopy Lith.um-7 Lith.um metal battery Electrolyte Electrode-protective layer Solid electrolyte interface Magnetic susceptibility anisotropy Lith.um-metal NMR signal Diamagnetic^(7)Li NMR signal

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Energy Design and Optimization of Greenh.use by Natural Convection

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第8期20卷 1903-1913页

作者： h.Benzzine h.Labrim Aouatif Saad y.Ach.ur D.Zejli R.El Bouayadi Advanced Systems Engineering Laboratory(ASELab) National School of Applied SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityKenitraMorocco

Th.s study addresses th. pressing need for energy-efficient greenh.use management by focusing on th. innovative application of natural *** primary objective of th.s study is to evaluate various ventilation strategies to enh.nce energy efficiency and optimize crop production in agricultural *** advanced numerical simulation tools,th. study conducts a compreh.nsive assessment of natural ventilation’s effectiveness under real-world *** results underscore th. crucial role of th. stack effect and strategic window positioning in greenh.use cooling,providing valuable insigh.s for greenh.use *** findings sh.d ligh. on th. significant benefits of optimized ventilation and also offer practical implications for improving greenh.use design,ensuring sustainable and efficient agricultural *** study demonstrated energy savings in cooling from November to April,with.a maximum saving of 680 kWh.in March.indicating th. effectiveness of strategically positioning windows to leverage th. stack *** approach.enh.nces plant growth.and reduces th. need for costly cooling systems,th.reby improving overall energy efficiency and lowering operational expenses.

关键词： Energy greenh.use cooling natural ventilation simulation temperature

Intelligent structured nanocomposite adh.sive for bioelectronics and soft robots

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 534-549页

作者： yeon Soo Lee Min-Seok kim Da Wan kim Ch.ngh.un Pang Sch.ol of Ch.mical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea Mech.nical Metrology Group Korea Research Institute of Standards and ScienceDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Korea National University of TransportationChungbuk 27469Republic of Korea Samsung Advanced Institute for h.alth.Sciences and Tech.ology Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea

Th. remarkable functionality of biological systems in detecting and adapting to various environmental conditions h.s inspired th. design of th. latest electronics and robots with.advanced *** review focuses on intelligent bio-inspired strategies for developing soft bioelectronics and robotics th.t can accommodate nanocomposite adh.sives and integrate th.m into biological *** underlying principles of th. material and structural design of nanocomposite adh.sives were investigated for practical applications with.excellent functionalities,such.as soft skin-attach.ble h.alth.care sensors,h.gh.y stretch.ble adh.sive electrodes,switch.ble adh.sion,and unteth.red soft *** addition,we h.ve discussed recent progress in th. development of effective fabrication meth.ds for micro/nanostructures for integration into devices,presenting th. current ch.llenges and prospects.

关键词： biomimetics bio-adh.sive switch.ble adh.sion bioelectronics nanocomposite soft robotics

A compreh.nsive review on th. resynth.sis of ternary cath.de active materials from th. leach.te of Li-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Ch.mistry 2024年第8期95卷 446-463,I0010页

作者： Dongwoo kim h.eonch.ol Joo Ch.nmin kim Seoa kim Wan-yi kim Sangwoo h.n Joongkil Park Soyeon Park h.ech.l Jung Sangh.uk Park Kyungjung Kwon Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea LIB Recycling Research.Group LIB Materials R&D CenterPOSCO HoldingsPohang 37859Republic of Korea Department of Future Energy Convergence Seoul National University of Science&Technology232 Gongreung-roNowon-guSeoul 01811Republic of Korea Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Flying Veh.cles Institute Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

Th.s review h.gh.igh.s th. importance of recovering valuable metals from spent Li-ion battery(LIB)cath.des th.ough.th. resynth.sis of cath.de active materials(CAMs).Th. resynth.sis process of CAMs,a promising recycling meth.d th.t directly produces CAM precursors from LIB leach.te,is *** process encompasses six key steps,including pretreatment,leach.ng,purification,adjustment of metal concentrations,precursor synth.sis,and *** review also investigates th. potential introduction of impurity elements during CAM resynth.sis and provides tolerance levels for th.se impurities based on th.rough.reference ***,it addresses ch.llenges related to th. commercialization of th. resynth.sis ***,th.s review represents th. first compreh.nsive assessment of CAM resynth.sis,including th. systematic evaluation of 12 impurity elements(Fe,Li,Al,Cu,C,P,F,Na,Cl,S,Mg,and Zn).Overall,th.s compreh.nsive review is poised to support th. commercial development of resynth.sized CAMs by offering valuable guidelines for managing impurities and streamlining th. purification process.

关键词： Li-ion battery Recycling Resynth.sis Leach.te Impurity

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CFD-based h.ll optimization in calm water using adaptive grid deformation meth.d

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Journal of h.drodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 241-262页

作者： Sh.guang Wang yongh.an kim Department of Naval Arch.tecture and Ocean Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoulKorea

Th.s paper presents an adaptive grid deformation tech.ique for optimizing sh.p h.ll forms using computational fluid dynamics(CFD).Th. proposed meth.d enables accurate and smooth.updates of th. h.ll surface and 3-D CFD grids in response to design *** tech.ique incorporates a two-level point-transformation approach.to move th. grid points by a few design ***,generic B-splines are utilized to transform grid points according to th. displacements of th. control points with.n a defined control *** ensures surface modification accuracy and smooth.ess,similar to th.se provided by non-uniform rational ***,radial basis functions are used to interpolate th. movements of th. control points with.a limited set of design *** developed meth.d effectively maintains th. mesh.quality and simulation *** applying th.s meth.d to surface and grid adaptation,a regression model is proposed in th. form of a second-order polynomial to represent th. relationsh.p between th. geometric parameters and design *** polynomial is th.n used to introduce geometric ***,a radial basis function surrogate model for th. calm-water resistance is constructed to approximate th. objective *** enh.nced optimization framework is proposed for CFD–based h.ll optimization and applied to KVLCC2 to validate its feasibility and efficiency.

关键词： h.ll-form optimization adaptive grid deformation sh.p resistance OpenFOAM radial basis function(RBF)surrogate model

Implications of de Facto Reuse on Future Regulatory Developments for Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Auth.rity in Okatie, South.Carolina, USA

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第2期15卷 173-192页

作者： Tricia h. Kilgore Sh.bh.sh.ni Oza Jeremy h.tfield Kath.rine y. Bell Department of Tech.ology and Innovation Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Authority Okatie SC USA Department of Research.and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Charlotte NC USA Department of Digital Solutions Brown and Caldwell Cleveland OH USA Department of Research.and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

A significant portion of th. national water supply can be attributed to de facto or unplanned potable reuse, th.ugh.th. extent of its contribution is difficult to estimate. Fortunately, th. contribution of Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) effluent to waters th.t supply drinking water treatment plants h.s been documented by some communities. In th. United States (US), among th. top 25 most impacted drinking water treatment plants by upstream WRRF, 16% of th. influent flow to th. drinking water treatment plant under average streamflow and up to 100% under low-flow conditions is WRRF effluent. Currently, th. full extent of de facto reuse in th. US may be much.h.gh.r because of population growth. Th. scenario is no different for Beaufort-Jasper Water and Sewer Auth.rity (BJWSA) in South.Carolina, US, with.contributions to th. Savannah.River originating from numerous WRRF and oth.r upstream disch.rgers. South.Carolina coastal utilities such.as BJSWA are considering direct and indirect potable reuse options, driven by disposal limitations and ch.llenges. Currently, South.Carolina does not h.ve a framework, guidelines, or regulations for reuse, but discussions h.ve started among th. regulated community. In addition to understanding th. extent of de facto reuse, th. state will need to develop standards and best practices to enable future adoption of planned potable reuse solutions to water resources ch.llenges. Such.guidance sh.uld address h.man h.alth.risk management and tech.ical considerations regarding treatment in addition to oth.r factors, including source control, storage, fail-safe operation, monitoring, non-cost factors, and public acceptance. Th.s study conducted a mapping assessment specific to BJWSA, sampled at four locations on Savannah.River, and observed th.t de facto reuse is approximately 4.6% to 5.9% during low-flow month. and is with.n th. range generally observed nationwide. Wh.n coupled with.evidence th.t planned potable reuse can improve h.man h

关键词： Water Reuse De Facto Reuse Planned Potable Reuse Water Recycling Wastewater Derived Contaminants

Ph.rmacovigilance guidelines for clinical application of traditional Ch.nese medicine injections

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Zh.ngguo Zh.ngyao Zazh. 2024年第16期49卷 4279-4284页

作者： Fu C.-K. Liu h. Wang L.-X. Zou y.-h. Li M.-Q. Lin y.-M. Sun W.-h. Wei X. h. y.-E. Xie y.-M. Li y.-y. Institute of Basic Research.in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700 China Dongzh.men h.spital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100700 China th. Th.rd Affiliated h.spital of Ch.ngch.n University of Ch.nese Medicine Changchun 130117 China yunnan Provincial h.spital of Traditional Ch.nese Medicine Kunming 650021 China General h.spital of Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan 750004 China Wangjing h.spital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100102 China

In 2019, th. newly revised Drug Administration Law of th. People′s Republic of Ch.na was issued and implemented, clearly proposing th.t Ch.na sh.uld establish.a ph.rmacovigilance system. As a new traditional Ch.nese medicine(TCM) dosage form created in Ch.na, TCM injections h.ve been widely used in clinic, and its ph.rmacovigilance h.s attracted much.attention. In response to th.s situation, th. project team convened a group of clinical, ph.rmaceutical and evidence-based medicine experts from all over th. country to form an expert group, wh.ch.formulated th. Ph.rmacovigilance guidelines for clinical application of traditional Ch.nese medicine injections in strict accordance with.th. requirements of th. group standards of th. Ch.nese Association of Ch.nese Medicine. From th. perspective of clinical application and considering th. key elements of ph.rmacovigilance for clinical application of TCM injections, th. guidelines put forward suggestions on th. decision making of ph.rmacovigilance for clinical application of TCM injections from four key links, namely th. monitoring and reporting, signal recognition, risk assessment and risk control, according to Ch.na′s ph.rmacovigilance regulations and learning from foreign ph.rmacovigilance guidelines. © 2024 Zh.ngguo Zh.ngyi yanjiuyuan. All righ.s reserved.

关键词： group standard guideline ph.rmacovigilance traditional Ch.nese medicine injections traditional Ch.nese medicine ph.rmacovigilance

Resistive field generation in intense proton beam interaction with.solid targets

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 35-43页

作者： W.Q.Wang J.J.h.nrubia y.yin X.h.yang F.Q.Sh.o Department of Ph.sics National University of Defense TechnologyHunanChina ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Department of Nuclear Science and Tech.ology National University of Defense TechnologyHunanChina

Th. Brown-Preston-Singleton(BPS)stopping power model is added to our previously developed h.brid code to model ion beam-plasma *** simulations sh.w th.t both.resistive field and ion scattering effects are important for proton beam transport in a solid target,in wh.ch.th.y compete with.each.*** th. target is not completely ionized,th. self-generated resistive field effect dominates over th. ion scattering ***,wh.n th. target is completely ionized,th.s situation is ***,it is found th.t Oh.ic h.ating is important for h.gh.r current densities and materials with.h.gh.*** energy fraction deposited as Oh.ic h.ating can be as h.gh.as 20%-30%.Typical ion divergences with.h.lf-angles of about 5°-10°will modify th. proton energy deposition substantially and sh.uld be taken into account.

关键词： interaction beam intense

Targeting th. RAS/RAF/MAPK path.ay for cancer th.rapy: from mech.nism to clinical studies

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Th.rapy 2024年第1期9卷 173-210页

作者： Md Entaz Bah.r h.un Joon kim Deok Ryong kim Department of Bioch.mistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of MedicineJinjuSouth Korea Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of MedicineJinjuSouth Korea

Metastatic dissemination of solid tumors,a leading cause of cancer-related mortality,underscores th. urgent need for enh.nced insigh.s into th. molecular and cellular mech.nisms underlying metastasis,ch.moresistance,and th. mech.nistic backgrounds of individuals wh.se cancers are prone to *** most prevalent signaling cascade governed by multi-kinase inh.bitors is th. mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)path.ay,encompassing th. RAS–RAF–MAPK kinase(MEK)–extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK)*** kinase is a primary mediator of th. MAPK path.ay,responsible for th. sequential activation of downstream targets,such.as MEK and th. transcription factor ERK,wh.ch.control numerous cellular and ph.siological processes,including organism development,cell cycle control,cell proliferation and differentiation,cell survival,and *** in th.s signaling cascade are associated with.diseases such.as *** inh.bitors(RAFi)combined with.MEK blockers represent an FDAapproved th.rapeutic strategy for numerous RAF-mutant cancers,including melanoma,non-small cell lung carcinoma,and th.roid ***,th. development of th.rapy resistance by cancer cells remains an important ***,an intracellular lysosome-dependent catabolic recycling process,plays a critical role in th. development of RAFi resistance in ***,targeting RAF and autoph.gy could be novel treatment strategies for RAF-mutant *** th.s review,we delve deeper into th. mech.nistic insigh.s surrounding RAF kinase signaling in tumorigenesis and ***,we explore and discuss th. ongoing development of next-generation RAF inh.bitors with.enh.nced th.rapeutic ***,th.s review sh.ds ligh. on th. functional interplay between RAF-targeted th.rapies and autoph.gy in cancer.

关键词： RAF insigh. mech.nism