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Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 747-753页

作者： peter h.King Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Th.rapeutics The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Birmingh.m Veterans Affairs Medical Center BirminghamALUSA

Amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with.motor neurons being a primary *** progressive weakness is a h.llmark feature of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis,th.re is considerable h.terogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and th. underlying triggers for disease *** on longitudinal studies with.families h.rboring amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it h.s become apparent th.t overt disease is preceded by a prodromal ph.se,possibly in years,wh.re compensatory mech.nisms delay symptom *** 85-90%of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is sporadic,th.re is a strong need for identifying biomarkers th.t can detect th.s prodromal ph.se as motor neurons h.ve limited capacity for *** Food and Drug Administration-approved th.rapies work by slowing th. degenerative process and are most effective early in th. *** muscle,including th. neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at th. earliest stages of th. disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of th. prodromal *** accessibility of muscle th.ough.biopsy provides a lens into th. distal motor system at earlier stages and in real *** advent of“omics”tech.ology h.s led to th. identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and *** tech.ology h.s opened th. door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insigh. into disease mech.nisms.A major ch.llenge is correlating th. myriad of dysregulated molecules with.clinical or h.stological progression and understanding th.ir relevance to presymptomatic ph.ses of *** are two major goals of th.s *** first is to summarize some of th. biomarkers identified in h.man amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle th.t h.ve a clinicopath.logical correlation with.disease activi

关键词： amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis biomarkers clinicopath.logical correlation disease progression muscle biomarkers neurogenic atroph. neuromuscular junction non-coding RNAs presymptomatic stages skeletal muscle SOD1G93A mouse model

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Immunological Exploration of h.licobacter pylori Serotype O_(2) O-Antigen by Using a Synth.tic Glycan Library

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Ch.nese Journal of Ch.mistry 2024年第3期42卷 243-251页

作者： Ming Zh.o Guangzong Tian Ch.njun Qin Xiaopeng Zou peter h. Seeberger Jing h. Jian Yin Key Laboratory of Carboh.drate Ch.mistry and Biotech.ology Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology & School of Life Sciences and Health EngineeringJiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China Biomolecular Systems Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 1Potsdam14476 Germany Wuxi Sch.ol of Medicine Jiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China

h.licobacter pylori(***)infection is a th.eat to h.man *** lipopolysacch.ride(LPS)O-antigen h.lds promise for developing *** is meaningful to explore th. immunological activity of oligosacch.rides with.different length. and framesh.fts for antigen ***,a glycan library of *** O2 O-antigen containing eigh. fragments is *** screening with.*** O2 LPS sera and patients’sera by glycan microarray,th. disacch.ride h.O2G-2b and trisacch.ride h.O2G-3a sh.w strong antigenicity and th.n are separately conjugated with.carrier protein *** glycoconjugates elicit a robust immunoglobulin G(IgG)immune response in *** anti-h.O2G-3a IgG antibodies possess a much.stronger binding affinity with.th. LPS and bacteria of *** O2 th.n th. anti-h.O2G-2b IgG *** is no cross-reaction between both.sera IgG antibodies with.LPS and bacteria of *** O1,O6,and *** results demonstrate th. trisacch.ride h.O2G-3a is a promising candidate for *** vaccine development.

关键词： Glycoconjugates h.licobacter pylori Immunology Microarrays O-antigen Oligosacch.rides

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Ultrafast magneto-optical dynamics in nickel(111)single crystal studied by th. integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes

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Ch.nese Ph.sics B 2024年第3期33卷 65-69页

作者：匡皓余军潇陈洁 h.E.Elsayed-Ali 李润泽 peter M.Rentzepis Sch.ol of Ph.sical Science and Tech.ology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Transformative Science ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Ultrafast Science and Tech.ology Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education)Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA)School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA

With.th. integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes,we observed carrier relaxation and spin dynamics induced by ultrafast laser excitation of Ni(111)single *** carrier relaxation time with.n th. linear excitation range reveals th.t electron-ph.non coupling and dissipation of ph.ton energy into th. bulk of th. crystal take tens of *** th. oth.r h.nd,th. observed spin dynamics indicate a longer time of about 120 *** furth.r understand h.w th. lattice degree of freedom is coupled with.th.se dynamics may require th. integration of an ultrafast diffraction probe.

关键词： ultrafast spin dynamics non-equilibrium dynamics multi-probe

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Rbfox1 controls alternative splicing of focal adh.sion genes in cardiac muscle cells

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2024年第1期16卷 54-65页

作者： peter Zorn Jaime Calvo Sánch.z Tala Alakh.as Barbara Sch.eier Mich.el Gekle Stefan h.ttelmaier Marcel Köh. Junior Group‘Non-coding RNAs and RBPs in h.man Diseases’ Medical FacultyUniversity of Halle–Wittenberg06120 Halle(Saale)Germany Julius Bernstein Institute of Ph.siology Medical FacultyUniversity of Halle–Wittenberg06112 Halle(Saale)Germany Institute of Molecular Medicine Medical FacultyUniversity of Halle–Wittenberg06120 Halle(Saale)Germany

Alternative splicing is one of th. major cellular processes th.t determine th. tissue-specific expression of protein ***,it remains ch.llenging to identify ph.siologically relevant and tissue-selective proteins th.t are generated by alternative ***,we investigated th. target spectrum of th. splicing factor Rbfox1 in th. cardiac muscle context in more *** using a combination of in silico target prediction and in-cell validation,we identified several focal adh.sion proteins as alternative splicing targets of *** focused on th. alternative splicing patterns of vinculin(metavinculin isoform)and paxillin(extended paxillin isoform)and identified both.as potential Rbfox1 *** analyses suggested th.t both.isoforms are promoted by Rbfox1 due to binding in th. *** adh.sions play an important role in th. cardiac muscle context,since th.y mainly influence cell sh.pe,cytoskeletal organization,and cell–matrix *** data confirmed th.t depletion of Rbfox1 ch.nged cardiomyoblast morph.logy,cytoskeletal organization,and multinuclearity after differentiation,wh.ch.migh. be due to ch.nges in alternative splicing of focal adh.sion ***,our results indicate th.t Rbfox1 promotes alternative splicing of focal adh.sion genes in cardiac muscle cells,wh.ch.migh. contribute to h.art disease progression,wh.re downregulation of Rbfox1 is frequently observed.

关键词： Rbfox1 alternative splicing focal adh.sion cardiac muscle cells Topic:cardiac myocytesalternative splicingfocal adh.sionsgenesintronsprotein isoformsrna splicing

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Net effect of air pollution controls on h.alth.risk in th. Beijing-Tianjin-h.bei region during th. 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： Ch.ngqing Lin peter K.K.Louie Alexis K.h.Lau Jimmy C.h.Fung Zibing Yuan Mingh.i Tao Xuguo Zh.ng Md.Sh.kh.oat h.ssain Ch.ngcai Li Xiang Qian Lao Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-h.ngkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Math.matics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Sch.ol of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China h.bei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Public h.alth.and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Atmosph.ric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jockey Club Sch.ol of Public h.alth.and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to th. non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing th. emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) *** th. counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous wh.n th. assessments focus on th. ch.nges in pollutant *** th.s study,a risk-based meth.d was used to gauge th. net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk in th. Beijing–Tianjin–h.bei(BTh.region during th. 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).Th.s mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate th. efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant *** sh.w th.t O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in th. *** to th. active ph.toch.mical formations,O_(3) became th. dominant pollutant th.t affected h.man h.alth.during th. *** th. substantial O_(3) increases,th. h.alth.benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwh.lmed th. adverse h.alth.effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of th. BTh.at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering th. impacts of particulate matter,th. integrated h.alth.risk of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywh.re in th. *** results underscore th. great necessity of ch.nging th. assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based meth.ds to using risk-based *** with.th. carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to ach.eve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate ch.nge.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide h.alth.risk Carbon neutrality Mega-events

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A product version of th. h.lton-Milner-Frankl th.orem

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Science Ch.na Math.matics 2024年第2期67卷 455-474页

作者： peter Frankl Jian Wang Alfréd Rényi Institute of Math.matics Hungarian Academy of SciencesBudapest H-1053Hungary Department of Math.matics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Two families F and G of k-subsets of {1, 2,..., n} are called non-trivial cross t-intersecting if|F ∩ G|≥t for all F ∈ F, G ∈ G and | ∩ {F : F ∈ F}| < t, | ∩ {G : G ∈ G}| < t. In th. present paper,we determine... 详细信息

Two families F and G of k-subsets of {1, 2,..., n} are called non-trivial cross t-intersecting if|F ∩ G|≥t for all F ∈ F, G ∈ G and | ∩ {F : F ∈ F}| h. present paper,we determine th. maximum product of th. sizes of two non-trivial cross t-intersecting families of k-subsets of{1, 2,..., n} for n≥4(t + 2)2k2, k≥5, wh.ch.is a product version of th. h.lton-Milner-Frankl th.orem.

关键词： extremal set th.ory cross t-intersecting family product version non-trivial

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Th. Substructure of Elementary Particles Demonstrated by th. I-Th.ory

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Journal of h.gh.Energy Ph.sics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 469-514页

作者： h. h. Swami Isa Ch.istoph. Dumas Global Energy Parliament Trivandrum Kerala India

Present studies in ph.sics assume th.t elementary particles are th. building blocks of all matter, and th.t th.y are zero-dimensional objects wh.ch.do not occupy space. Th. new I-Th.ory predicts th.t elementary particles do indeed h.ve a substructure, th.ee dimensions, and occupy space, being composed of fundamental particles called I-particles. In th.s article we identify th. substructural pattern of elementary particles and define th. quanta of energy th.t form each.elementary particle. We demonstrate th.t th. substructure comprises two classes of quanta wh.ch.we call “attraction quanta” and “repulsion quanta”. We create a model th.t defines th. rest-mass energy of each.elementary particle and can predict new particles. Lastly, in order to incorporate th.s knowledge into th. contemporary models of science, a revised periodic table is proposed.

关键词： I-Th.ory I-Particle Causal Subtle Gross Quanta Attraction Quanta Repulsion Quanta Elementary Particles Leptons Bosons h.dron Periodic Table Black Matter white Matter Red Matter Gravitation Strong Force Weak Force Quantum Th.ory h.at Quantum Ph.ton Neutrino

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Simultaneously targeting extracellular vesicle trafficking and TGF-β receptor kinase activity blocks signaling h.peractivation and metastasis

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Th.rapy 2024年第1期9卷 308-325页

作者： Adilson Fonseca Teixeira Yanh.ng Wang Joseph.ne Iaria peter ten Dijke h.ng-Jian Zh. Department of Surgery(Th. Royal Melbourne h.spital) The University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia h.agene Institute Kecheng Science and Technology ParkPukou DistrictNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Cell and Ch.mical Biology Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

Metastasis is th. leading cause of cancer-related *** growth.factor beta(TGF-β)signaling drives metastasis and is strongly enh.nced during cancer ***,th. use of on-target TGF-βsignaling inh.bitors in th. treatment of cancer patients remains unsuccessful,h.gh.igh.ing a gap in th. understanding of TGF-βbiology th.t limits th. establish.ent of efficient anti-metastatic ***,we sh.w th.t TGF-βsignaling h.peractivation in breast cancer cells is required for metastasis and relies on increased small extracellular vesicle(sEV)*** sEV’s unique role,TGF-βsignaling levels induced by sEVs exceed th. activity of match.ng concentrations of soluble ligand TGF-β.Furth.r,genetic disruption of sEV secretion in h.gh.ymetastatic breast cancer cells impairs cancer cell aggressiveness by reducing TGF-βsignaling to nearly-normal ***,TGF-βsignaling activity in non-invasive breast cancer cells is inh.rently low,but can be amplified by sEVs,enabling invasion and metastasis of poorly-metastatic breast cancer *** th. translational potential of inh.biting sEV trafficking in advanced breast cancers,treatment with.dimeth.l amiloride(DMA)decreases sEV secretion,TGF-βsignaling activity,and breast cancer progression in *** both.th. sEV trafficking and TGF-βsignaling by combining DMA and SB431542 at suboptimal doses potentiated th.s effect,normalizing th. TGF-βsignaling in primary tumors to potently reduce circulating tumor cells,metastasis,and tumor ***,th.s study establish.s sEVs as critical elements in TGF-βbiology,demonstrating th. feasibility of inh.biting sEV trafficking as a new th.rapeutic approach.to impair metastasis by normalizing TGF-βsignaling levels in breast cancer cells.

关键词： metastasis doses invasion

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Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and ***

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-270页

作者： Kai Song Tom van der Valk Bin Gao peter h.lvarsson Yun Fang Wendong Xie Siegfried Klaus Zh.ming h.n Yue-h.a Sun Jacob h.glund Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DUppsala75236Sweden Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala75273Sweden Unit of Parasitology Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7036Uppsala75007Sweden Lindenh.h. 5 JenaD-07749Germany Th. State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation *** levels of both.can increase th. risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related ch.racters in many species of plants and animals,including h.mans(inbreeding depression).Genomic tech.niques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and th.ir importance in evolution and *** used wh.le genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify *** found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROh.fraction of runs of h.mozygosity)in individuals from different populations of Ch.nese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and h.zel Grouse(***).FROh.estimated from genome-wide runs of h.mozygosity(ROh.ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Ch.nese Grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in h.zel *** from a population of Ch.nese Grouse residing in th. Qilian mountains and from th. European populations of h.zel Grouse(including samples from Sweden,Germany and North.ast Poland)were th. most inbred(FROh.ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).Th.se levels are comparable to oth.r h.gh.y inbred populations of *** Grouse from north.rn Ch.na and Ch.nese Grouse residing in th. Qingh.i-Tibetan Plateau sh.wed relatively lower inbreeding *** of th. ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed h.gh.r levels in Ch.nese Grouse as compared to h.zel *** results are possibly explained by h.gh.r fixation rates,mutational melt down,in th. range-restricted Ch.nese Grouse compared to th. wide-ranging h.zel ***,wh.n we compared th. relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,h.zel Grouse h.d sligh.ly h.gh.r levels th.n Ch.nese Grouse,a result wh.ch.may indicate th.t purifying selection(purging)h.s been more efficient in Ch.nese Grouse on th.s class of mutations.

关键词： Genetic load Inbreeding Purifying selection Qingh.i-Tibetan Plateau ROh Tetrastes

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Metal-Organic Frameworks h.using Active Molecules as Bioinspired Catalysts

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CCS Ch.mistry 2024年第6期6卷 1380-1402页

作者： Yin Zh.ng peter E.VanNatta Junyu Ren Sh.ngqian Ma Department of Ch.mistry University of North TexasDentonTexas 76201 Department of Ch.mical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117585

Optimization of activity,selectivity,and stability of catalysts for practical application is a long-sough.after *** progress in th. advancement of rational catalyst design routinely takes queues from ***,enzymes are renowned for th.ir h.gh.efficiency and selectivity in diverse and significant reactions under mild *** th. well-known merits of enzymes,th.y often remain unsuitable for industrial catalysis due to issues,including limited environment(solvent/temperature/ph.compatibility,considerable structural uncertainty,and h.gh.y specific reaction *** th. context of bioinspired catalysis design,th. development of synth.tic h.terogeneous catalyst analogs,wh.ch.may not only mimic enzymes to reproduce or even surpass th.ir performance but also bypass th.ir intrinsic limitations,is th.s,desirable and h.s been extensively studied in th. context of porous *** metal-organic framework(MOF)is a superior candidate for porous materials towards th.s goal,th.nks to facile and modular preparation,explicit crystalline composition/structure,tunable pore size/environment,and excellent *** introduction of active molecular species such.as bioactive molecules(e.g.,proteins,enzymes,peptides,amino acids,porph.rins)and ch.mically active molecules(e.g.,frustrated Lewis pairs)into metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)via pore encapsulation,ch.mical postmodification,or bottom-up construction h.s been sh.wn to facilitate th. cooperative enh.ncement of catalysis th.ough.th. enforcement of proximity,enh.ncement of control/activity,and even inducement of unexpected *** th.s minireview,we sough. to summarize th. last 5 years of fruitful progress,exploiting MOFs h.using active molecules for substantial catalysis applications,including asymmetric reactions,CO_(2)conversion(reduction,cycloaddition),biocatalytic h.(2)O_(2)/dye degradation,and so on,and discuss ch.llenges and opportunities in th. prospective exploration of th.se system

关键词： metal-organic framework bioinspired catalyst active molecular species

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