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A Compreh.nsive Review on Ch.rging Topologies and Power Electronic Converter Solutions f.r Electric Veh.cles

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Journal of.Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 675-694页

作者： Abdelf.tah.Ali h.ssam h.h.Mousa Mostaf. f.Sh.aban Mah.r A.Azzouz Ah.ed S.A.Awad th. Department of.Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah26666 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates th. Department of.Electrical Engineering South Valley University83523 QenaEgypt th. Department of.Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4 Canada Electrical Engineering Department Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of.Electrical and Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat123Oman

Electric veh.cles(EVs)are becoming more popular worldwide due to environmental concerns,f.el security,and price *** perf.rmance of.EVs relies on th. energy stored in th.ir batteries,wh.ch.can be ch.rged using eith.r AC(slow)or DC(f.st)***,EVs can also be used as mobile power storage devices using veh.cle-to-grid(V2G)*** electronic converters(PECs)h.ve a constructive role in EV applications,both.in ch.rging EVs and in ***,th.s paper compreh.nsively investigates th. state of.th. art of.EV ch.rging topologies and PEC solutions f.r EV *** examines PECs f.om th. point of.view of.th.ir classif.cations,conf.gurations,control approach.s,and f.ture research.prospects and th.ir impacts on power *** can be classif.ed into various topologies:DC-DC converters,AC-DC converters,DC-AC converters,and AC-AC *** address th. limitations of.traditional DC-DC converters such.as switch.ng losses,size,and h.gh.electromagnetic interf.rence(EMI),resonant converters and multiport converters are being used in h.gh.voltage EV ***,power-train converters h.ve been modif.ed f.r h.gh.ef.iciency and reliability in EV *** paper of.ers an overview of.ch.rging topologies,PECs,ch.llenges with.solutions,and f.ture trends in th. f.eld of.th. EV ch.rging station applications.

关键词： Ch.rging station ch.rging topology electric veh.cle power electronic converter veh.cle-to-grid

Microstructure evolution and sh.pe memory beh.viors of.Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep th.rmomech.nical loading with.dif.erent prestrain levels

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Journal of.Materials Science & Tech.ology 2024年第4期171卷 80-93页

作者： Y.h.Zh.ng h.Li Z.W.Yang X.Liu Q.f.Gu State Key Laboratory of.Solidif.cation Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Sh.anxi Key Laboratory of.h.gh.Perf.rmance Precision f.rming Tech.ology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)sh.pe memory alloy(SMA)is a promising material in th. aerospace f.eld due to its wide transf.rmation *** application of.sh.pe memory ef.ect depends on multistep th.rmomech.n-ical loading,viz.,low-temperature def.rmation and subsequent h.ating to ***-temperature def.rmation prestrain plays a pivotal role in sh.pe memory properties tailoring of.SMA ***,microstructure evolution and def.rmation mech.nisms of.Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)SMA subjected to vari-ous prestrain levels are still *** th.s end,microstructure evolution and sh.pe memory beh.viors of.Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep th.rmomech.nical loading with.prestrain levels of.8%-16%at-28℃(M_(s)+30℃)were *** results demonstrate th.t th. stress-strain curve of.th. specimen exh.bits f.ur distinct stages at a maximal prestrain of.16%.Wh.reas stageⅡand stageⅢend at prestrains of.8%and∼12%,*** stageⅡ,th. stress-induced martensitic transf.rmation is accompanied by th. dislocation slip of.th. NiTi matrix andβ-Nb *** stageⅢ,in addition to th. h.gh.r density of.dislocations and f.rth.r growth.of.stress-induced martensite variants(SIMVs),(001)compound twins are introduced as a result of.th.(001)def.rmation twinning in stress-induced ***{20-1}martensite twins are gradually introduced in stageⅣ.Correspondingly,af.er subsequent unloading and h.ating,a h.gh.r density of.114}austenite twins f.rm in th. specimen with.a larger prestrain of.16%.With.increasing prestrain f.om 8%to 16%,th. recoverable strainε_(re)^(T)upon h.ating increases f.rst and th.n ***ε_(re)^(T)obtains a maximum of.7.03%at 10%prestrain and de-creases to 6.17%at 16%*** increase of._(re)^(T)can be attributed to th. f.rmation of.new SIMVs,th. f.rth.r growth.of.existing SIMVs,and th. recoverable(001)compound *** th. decrease of._(re)^(T)is mainly associated with.th. irrecoverable strain by{20−1}martensite *** ef.e

关键词： Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)sh.pe memory alloy Wide transf.rmation h.steresis Th.rmomech.nical loading Microstructure evolution Sh.pe memory beh.viors Stress-induced martensitic transf.rmation Def.rmation twinning

Connections Between Induction Generator Ef.ect and Open-loop Modal Proximity to Cause Sub-synch.onous Oscillations in Series-compensated Power System

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CSEE Journal of.Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 963-973页

作者： Wenjuan Du Yang Wang h.f.Wang Tao Zh.o Tim Littler College of.Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Sch.ol of.Electrical Engineering the Queen’s University of BelfastBelfastUK IEEE

Th. induction generator ef.ect(IGE)and th. openloop modal proximity(OLMP)are two dif.erent reasons wh. subsynch.onous oscillations(SSOs)in a series-compensated power system(SCPS)may *** IGE attributes th. growing SSOs to negative resistance,wh.le th. OLMP explains th. SSO mech.nism f.om th. standpoint of.modal *** th.s paper,we investigate th. connections between th. IGE and th. OLMP th.ough.equivalent RLC circuit and open-loop modal *** investigation is conducted f.r two types of.seriescompensated power systems wh.re eith.r a synch.onous generator or a Df.G is connected at th. sending *** investigation reveals th. conditions,in wh.ch.th. IGE and th. OLMP may jointly cause th. growing SSOs,i.e.,both.th. IGE and th. OLMP can explain wh. th. growing SSOs ***,th. investigation indicates th.t th. IGE and th. OLMP may be totally irrelevant and lead to growing SSOs *** implies th.t it is possible th.t in a SCPS,th. growing SSOs are only due to th. IGE,and th. OLMP is non-existent,and vice ***,wh.n th. growing SSOs occurs in a SCPS,examination based on both.th. IGE and th. OLMP sh.uld be caref.lly conducted in order to f.nd if.th. oscillatory instability is due to th. IGE,or th. OLMP,or both.of.th.m.

关键词： Induction generator ef.ect open-loop modal proximity series compensation sub-synch.onous oscillations

Optimization of.Stealth.atch.Network Security System f.r th. Detection and Mitigation of.Distributed Denial of.Service (DDoS) Attack: Application to Smart Grid System

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Communications and Network 2024年第3期16卷 108-134页

作者： Emmanuel S. Kolawole Penrose S. Cof.e Joh. h. f.ller Cajetan M. Akujuobi Emmanuel A. Dada Justin f. f.reman Pamela h. Obiomon Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA

Th. Smart Grid is an enh.ncement of.th. traditional grid system and employs new tech.ologies and soph.sticated communication tech.iques f.r electrical power transmission and distribution. Th. Smart Grid’s communication network sh.res inf.rmation about status of.its several integrated IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices). h.wever, th. IEDs connected th.ough.ut th. Smart Grid, open opportunities f.r attackers to interf.re with.th. communications and utilities resources or take clients’ private data. Th.s development h.s introduced new cyber-security ch.llenges f.r th. Smart Grid and is a very concerning issue because of.emerging cyber-th.eats and security incidents th.t h.ve occurred recently all over th. world. Th. purpose of.th.s research.is to detect and mitigate Distributed Denial of.Service [DDoS] with.application to th. Electrical Smart Grid System by deploying an optimized Stealth.atch.Secure Network analytics tool. In th.s paper, th. DDoS attack in th. Smart Grid communication networks was modeled using Stealth.atch.tool. Th. simulated network consisted of.Secure Network Analytic tools virtual mach.nes (VMs), electrical Grid network communication topology, attackers and Target VMs. f.nally, th. experiments and simulations were perf.rmed, and th. research.results sh.wed th.t Stealth.atch.analytic tool is very ef.ective in detecting and mitigating DDoS attacks in th. Smart Grid System with.ut causing any blackout or sh.tdown of.any internal systems as compared to oth.r tools such.as GNS3, NeSSi2, NISST f.amework, OMNeT++, INET f.amework, ReaSE, NS2, NS3, M5 Simulator, OPNET, PLC & TIA Portal management Sof.ware wh.ch.do not h.ve th. capability to do so. Also, using Stealth.atch.tool to create a security baseline f.r Smart Grid environment, contributes to risk mitigation and sound security h.giene.

关键词： Smart Grid System Distributed Denial of.Service (DDoS) Attack Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems Detection Mitigation and Stealth.atch

Spalling ch.racteristics of.h.gh.temperature treated granitic rock at dif.erent strain rates

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Journal of.Rock Mech.nics and Geotech.ical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1280-1288页

作者： L.f.f.n Q.h.Yang X.L.Du Th. Key Laboratory of.Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of.Ministry of.Education Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

Th. dynamic spalling ch.racteristics of.rock are important f.r stability analysis in rock *** paper presented an experimental investigation on th. dynamic spalling ch.racteristics of.granite with.dif.erent temperatures and strain rates.A series of.dynamic spalling tests with.dif.erent impact velocities were conducted on th.rmally treated granite at dif.erent *** dynamic spalling strength. of.granite with.dif.erent temperatures and strain rates were determined.A model was proposed to correlate th. dynamic spalling strength.of.granite,h.gh.temperature and strain *** results sh.w th.t th. spalling strength.of.granite decreases with.increasing ***,th. spalling strength.of.granite with.a h.gh.r strain rate is larger th.n th.t with.a lower strain *** proposed model can describe th. relationsh.p among dynamic spalling strength.of.granite,h.gh.temperature and strain rate.

关键词： Dynamic spalling ch.racteristics h.gh.temperature Strain rate Dynamic loading Granite

Motivational and Meth.dological f.ctors Involved in th. h.lping Beh.vior Test in Laboratory Rodents

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Journal of.Beh.vioral and Brain Science 2024年第8期14卷 240-254页

作者： Gabriela f. Marinh. Jaqueline M. Wuo João Paulo Kurita Alvaro C. Lima Regina h. Silva Ph.rmacology Department Federal University of So Paulo So Paulo Brazil

Empath. allows h.mans and oth.r animals to sh.re th. emotional state of.anoth.r, adopting th.t individual’s perspective on a given situation. Th.s ability is f.ndamental f.r species living in groups. h.lping beh.vior in laboratory animals h.s been used to study empath.. In th.s test, subjects are exposed to a conspecif.c th.t is trapped and learn to open th. cage to release th. oth.r animal. h.wever, th. interpretation of.h.lping beh.vior as an emph.tically motivated action is still controversial. h.re we review th. studies th.t use th. h.lping beh.vioral test proposed by Ben-Ami Bartal and colleagues in 2011 to better understand motivational f.ctors f.r th.s beh.vior. In addition, we compare meth.dological aspects of.th.se studies. In conclusion, h.lping beh.vior can be driven by empath., but oth.r f.ctors such.as th. desire f.r social contact and learning components cannot be ruled out as motivators. In addition, studies f.cused on evaluating neurobiological mech.nisms underlying h.lping beh.vior in laboratory rodents can h.lp elucidate th. f.ctors involved in releasing th. trapped co-specif.c.

关键词： Animal Models Empath. Prosocial Beh.vior Rats

Antibacteria Activity of.Peganum h.rmala and h.loxylon salicornicum Leaves Extracts

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 122-136页

作者： Naif.M. Alh.witi Agnes K. Nth.nge Waeel h. Alramadh.n William Boadi Abdulrah.an f. Alqah.ani Elber-Lewis Myles CAh.S University of California Davis USA Department of.Agricultural and Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture Tennessee State University Nashville USA Department of.Biological Science Tennessee State University Nashville USA Department of.Ch.mistry Tennessee State University Nashville USA Saudi f.od and Drug Auth.rity Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Th. use of.antibiotics in h.mans and animals h.s been marked as a signif.cant step in h.alth.due to th.ir ef.ectiveness in controlling and treating bacterial inf.ctions. Th. misuse and overuse of.antibiotics h.ve been identif.ed as risk f.ctors f.r bacterial resistance since microorganisms adapt and develop mech.nisms to def.nd against antibiotics. According to th. Centers f.r Disease Protection and Control (CDC), around 23,000 individuals die every year in th. United States due to antibiotic resistance complications. As a result, a demand f.r alternative treatments h.s been a goal f.r scientists as th. microbes adapt to selective pressure. Th. aim of.th.s study is to test th. antibacterial activity of.leaf.extracts of.Peganum h.rmala and h.loxylon salicornicum on both.Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on various mediums. Th. results of.th. study sh.wed th.t both.P. h.rmala and h. salicornicum inh.bited th. bacterial growth.in two dif.erent media. Th. results were also compared with.dif.erent common antibiotics used in both.h.man’s and animal’s f.elds and sh.wed a promising outcome as alternative antibiotics.

关键词： Peganum h.rmala h.loxylon salicornicum Antibiotics Resistance Medicinal Plants Gram-Positive Gram-Negative

Essentials of.anatomy & ph.siology / f.ederic h. Martini, Edwin f. Barth.lomew .

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h.perh.mocysteinemia and Associated Biological Markers in a Congolese Population of.Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Brazzaville

2007年

作者： f.ederic h. Martini Edwin f. Barth.lomew .

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Open Journal of.Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 123-134页

作者： V. R. Ikia Monde A. L. M. Boumba E. Mokondjimobe h. Poaty G. Loubano-Voumbi W. f. Ondongo A. G. Mayindou Kimbangu K. Onanga f. Elilie Mawa Ongoth.E. Bouenizabila C. Andres h. G. Monabeka Bioch.mistry Laboratory Service University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo f.culty of.h.alth.Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Congo Research.Area of.Pointe-Noire National Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSSA) Pointe-Noire Congo Microbiology and Molecular Biology Department Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire Congo LOMO Research.University Kinshasa DRC Department of.Statistics Health Information and Epidemiology Surveillance Departmental Directorate of Health Care and Services Brazzaville Congo Department of.Endocrinology University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Department of.Bioch.mistry and Molecular Biology Bretonneau Regional University Hospital Tours France

Th. search.f.r new biomarkers predictive of.type 2 diabetes currently constitutes a research.avenue in Bioclinical. Total h.mocysteine remains a pref.rred target due to its involvement in th. occurrence of.degenerative complications in type 2 diabetics. Th. aim of.th.s work was to study h.perh.mocysteinemia and oth.r bioch.mical markers associated with.T2D in th. Congolese population. Th.s was an analytical case-control study carried out between October 2022 and October 2023. Th. study population consisted of.150 subjects including 100 T2D patients and 50 control subjects. Th. main clinical data were collected on a pre-establish.d f.rm. h.mocysteine determination was carried out by th. sandwich.ELISA meth.d. Th. oth.r bioch.mical markers were measured by colorimetric enzymatic meth.ds. h.perh.mocysteinemia was present in 27.3% (41/150) of.th. entire study population. Type 2 diabetics h.d a f.equency of.h.perh.mocysteinemia of.36% (36/100) and control 10% (5/50) (p = 0.001). Th. mean h.perh.mocysteinemia concentration was 31.9 μmol/l with.extremes ranging f.om 18 to 103 μmol/l. Means of.biological markers between diabetics and controls sh.wed a statistically signif.cant dif.erence (p = 0.01). Th. risk f.ctors associated with.th.s h.cy were: sex (OR = 3.5), age (OR = 9.4), sedentary lif.style (OR = 3.4) and glycosylated h.moglobin (OR = 12) with.a p-value h.t h.perh.mocysteinemia can be considered as a predictive biomarker in th. bioclinic of.Congolese type 2 diabetic patients.

关键词： h.perh.mocysteinemia Biological Markers T2DM Brazzaville