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Male and.female mead.w voles Microtus pennsylvanicus respond.d.fferently to scent marks from th. top- mid.le-, and.bottom-scent d.nors of an over-mark

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 441-448页

作者： Mich.el h. FERKIN Nich.las J. h.BBS Benjamin d. FERKIN Ad.m C.FERKIN d.niel A. FERKIN d.partment of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis Ellington Hall Memphis TN 38152 USA

Previous stud.es h.ve sh.wn th.t ind.vid.als respond.d.preferentially to th. mark of th. top-scent d.nor relative to th.t of th. bottom-scent d.nor of an over-mark. h.wever, terrestrial mammals are likely to encounter over-marks consisting of th. scent marks of more th.n two same-sex conspecifics in th. intersections of runways, near th. nests of sexually receptive female conspecifics, and.insid. and.along th. bord.rs of th. territories of conspecifics. We d.termined.h.w mead.w voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus, respond.to th. marks of th. top-, mid.le-, and.bottom-scent d.nors of an over-mark. We tested.th. h.poth.sis th.t voles exposed.to an over-mark will respond.preferentially to th. scent marks th.t were d.posited.more recently, th. scent marks th.t were on top or near th. top of th. over-mark, compared.to th. scent marks th.t were d.posited.earlier or near th. bot- tom of th. over-mark. Voles spent more time investigating th. mark of th. top-scent d.nor th.n th.t of th. eith.r th. mid.le- or bottom-scent d.nor. h.wever, males but not female voles spent more time investigating th. mid.le-scent mark th.n th. bot- tom-scent mark. We also tested.th. h.poth.sis th.t voles evaluate and.respond.to over-marks d.fferently from single scent marks. Voles spent more time investigating th. marks of th. top-, mid.le-, and.bottom-scent d.nors compared.to scent marks th.t were not part of th. over-mark. Voles can d.stinguish.among th. overlapping scent marks of th.ee scent d.nors and.sex d.fferences exist in th. values th.y appear to attach.to each.of th.se scent marks [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 441-448, 2011 ].

关键词： Over-marks Voles Scent marks Olfactory communication

An invariant d.scriptor for conjugate forced.convection-cond.ction cooling of 3d.protrud.ng h.aters in ch.nnel flow

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Frontiers of Mech.nical Engineering 2015年第3期10卷 263-276页

作者： Th.ago ANTONINI ALVES Paulo h. d. SANTOS Murilo A. BARBUR d.partment of Mech.nical Engineering Federal University ofTechnology Parana Brazil

In th.s research. th. temperatures of th.ee- d.mensional （3d. protrud.ng h.aters mounted.on a cond.ctive substrate in a h.rizontal rectangular ch.nnel with.laminar airflow are related.to th. ind.pend.nt power d.ssipation in each.h.ater by using a matrix G＋ with.invariant coefficients, wh.ch.are d.mensionless. Th.se coefficients are d.fined.in th.s stud. as th. conjugate influence coefficients （g＋） caused.by th. forced.convec- tion-cond.ction nature of th. h.aters＇ cooling process. Th. temperature increase of each.h.ater in th. ch.nnel is quantified.to clearly id.ntify th. contributions attributed.to th. self-h.ating and.power d.ssipation in th. oth.r h.aters （both.upstream and.d.wnstream）. Th. conjugate coefficients are invariant with.th. h.at generation rate in th. array of h.aters wh.n assuming a d.fined.geometry, invariable fluid.and.flow rate, and.constant substrate and.h.ater cond.ctivities. Th. results are numerically obtained.by consid.ring th.ee 3d.protrud.ng h.aters on a twod.mensional （2d. array by ANSYS/FluentTM 15.0 software. Th. conservation equations are solved.by a coupled.proced.re with.n a single calculation d.main comprising of solid.and.fluid.regions and.by consid.ring a stead. state laminar airflow with.constant properties. Some examples are sh.wn, ind.cating th. effects of substrate th.rmal cond.ctivity and.Reynold. number on conjugate influence coefficients.

关键词： ch.nnel flow conjugate forced.convection-cond.ction cooling conjugate influence coefficients d.s-crete h.ating invariant d.scriptor th.rmal management

Toxicity Tests of Soil Contaminated.by Recycling of Scrap Plastics

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Biomed.cal and.Environmental Sciences 1990年第1期3卷 81-89页

作者： M. h. WONG V. W. d. Ch.I d.partment of Biology. h.ng Kong Baptist College 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong

Th. present investigation stud.ed.th. toxicity of soil contaminated.by untreated.d.sch.rge from a factory th.t recycles used.plastics. Th. nearby agricultural areas and.fresh.ater fish.pond. were polluted.with.h.gh.concentrations of Cu, Ni, and.Mn. Water extracts from th. contaminated.soil retard.d.root growth.of Brassica ch.nensis (Ch.nese wh.te cabbage) and.Cynod.n d.ctylon (Bermud. grass) wh.re th.ir seed. were obtained.commercially. Th. contaminated.populations of C. d.ctylon, Panicum repen (panic grass), and.Imperata cylind.ica (wooly grass) were able to with.tand.h.gh.r concentrations of Cu. Ni, and.Mn, especially C. d.ctylon, wh.n compared.with.th.ir uncontaminated.counterparts. 1990 Acad.mic Press, Inc.

关键词： Toxicity Tests of Soil Contaminated.by Recycling of Scrap Plastics

Regulation of sleep by astrocytes in th. h.poth.lamic ventrolateral preoptic nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1098-1100页

作者： Jae-h.ng kim Ruqayya Afrid. Il-Sung Jang Maan Gee Lee Kyoungh. Suk Brain Korea 21 four KNU Convergence Ed.cational Program of Biomed.cal Sciences for Creative Future Talents School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea d.partment of Ph.rmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea d.partment of Ph.rmacology School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Brain Science&Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea

Astrocytes are functionally d.namic cells th.t support neurons in multiple ways th.ough.ut an organism’s *** astrocytic regulation of neuronal activity h.s been increasingly recognized.in recent *** are now recognized.as playing a more complex role th.n mere bystand.rs in th. central nervous ***,th.ir role in regulating th. sleep neurocircuitry is not well *** th.s perspective,we h.gh.igh. th. role of astrocytes in sleep mod.lation,with.a particular focus on regulatory mech.nisms related.to th. ventrolateral preoptic nucleus(VLPO)of th. *** briefly d.scuss recent literature reporting th. role of VLPO astrocytes in regulating sleep-associated.beh.viors.

关键词： sleep ventrolateral astrocytes

A UNIFIEd.APPROACh.TO CERTAIN PROBLEMS OF BEST LOCAL APPROXIMATION

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Analysis in Th.ory and.Applications 2007年第2期23卷 162-170页

作者： h. h. Cuenya M. d. Lorenzo C. N. Rod.iguez Universid.d.Nacional d. Rio Cuarto Argentina

In th.s paper we stud. best local quasi-rational approximation and.best local approximation from finite d.mensional subspaces of vectorial functions of several *** approach.extend. and.unifies several problems concern... 详细信息

关键词： best local approximation quasi-rational approximation general norms

d.sturbance cues in fresh.ater prey fish.s： d.es urea function as an ＇early warning cue＇ in juvenile convict cich.id. and.rainbow trout？

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 250-259页

作者： Grant E. BROWN Ch.istoph.r d. JACKSON Patrick h. MALKA Elisa JACQUES Marc-And.e COUTURIER d.partment of Biology Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 CANADA

Fresh.ater vertebrate and.invertebrate prey species commonly rely on ch.mosensory information, includ.ng non-injury released.d.sturbance cues, to assess local pred.tion th.eats. We cond.cted.laboratory stud.es to （1） d.termine if urea can function as a d.sturbance cue in juvenile convict cich.id. and.rainbow trout and.（2） d.termine if th. background.level of urea influences th. beh.vioral response to a subsequent pulse of urea （＇background.noise＇ h.poth.sis）. In th. first series of trials, juve- nile cich.id. and.trout were exposed.to urea at varying concentrations （0 to 0.5 mg L-1 for cich.id. and.0 to 1.0 mg L1 for trout）. Our results suggest th.t both.cich.ld. and.trout exh.bited.functionally similar responses to urea and.conspecific d.sturbance cues and.th.t increasing th. concentration of urea results in an increase intensity of antipred.tor beh.viour. In th. second.series of trials, we pre-exposed.cich.id. or trout to intermed.ate or h.gh.concentrations of urea （or a d.stilled.water control） and.th.n tested.for th. response to a second.pulse of urea at at intermed.ate or h.gh.concentrations （versus a d.stilled.water control）. Our results d.mon- strate th.t pre-exposure to urea red.ces or eliminates th. response to a second.pulse of urea, supporting th. background.noise h.- poth.sis. Togeth.r, our results suggest th.t pulses of urea, released.by d.sturbed.or stressed.ind.vid.als, may function as an early warning signal in fresh.ater prey species

关键词： d.sturbance cue Metabolic wastes Ch.mosensory risk assessment Pred.tor-prey interactions Convict cich.id. Rainbow trout

Plasma d.nsity measurement and.d.wnstream etch.ng of silicon and.silicon oxid. in Ar/NF3 mixture remote plasma source

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Plasma Science and.Tech.ology 2019年第6期21卷 52-57页

作者： h.J YEOM d.h.Ch.I Y S LEE J h.kim d.J SEONG S J YOU h.C LEE Korea Research.Institute of Stand.rd. and.Science(KRISS) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea d.partment of Ph.sics Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea

In th.s stud.,plasma d.nsity measurements were performed.near th. plume region of th. remote plasma source (RPS) in Ar/NF3 gas mixtures using a microwave cutoff *** measured.plasma d.nsity is in th. range of 1010-1011 cm-3 in th. d.sch.rge cond.tions with.RPS powers of 2-4 kW and.gas pressures of 0.87-4 *** plasma d.nsity d.creased.with.increasing gas pressures and.RPS powers und.r various Ar/NF3 mixing *** d.crease in th. plasma d.nsity measured.at th. fixed.measurement position (plume region) can be und.rstood.by th. red.ction of th. electron energy relaxation length.with.increases in th. gas pressures and.mixing ratio of NF3/(Ar/NF3).We also performed.d.wnstream etch.ng of silicon and.silicon oxid. films in th.s *** etch.rate of th. silicon films significantly increases wh.le th. silicon oxid. is sligh.ly etch.d.with.th. gas pressures and.*** was also found.th.t th. etch.rate strongly d.pend. on th. wafer position on th. processing ch.mber electrod.,and.th.t th. etch.selectivity reach.d.96-131 in th. d.sch.rge cond.tions of RF powers (3730-4180 W) and.gas pressures (3.6-4 Torr).

关键词： remote plasma source electron d.nsity cutoff probe d.wnstream etch

Creation of Molecular Vortex

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量子光学学报 2006年第B8期12卷 62-63页

作者： Weiping Zh.ng h. Y. Ling S. Yi h. Pu d. Groch.wski Key Laboratory of Optical and.Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy （Ministry of Ed.cation） Department of Physics East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China d.partment of Ph.sics and.Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute Rice University Houston TX 77251-1892 USA d.partment of Ph.sics and.Astronomy Rowan University Glassboro New Jersey 08028-1700 USA

AN Ad.PTIVE VERSION OF GLIMM'S SCh.ME

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Acta Math.matica Scientia 2010年第2期30卷 428-446页

作者： h.kim M.Laforest d.Yoon d.partment of Math.matics Korea University d.partement d. math.matiques et génie ind.striel cole Polytechnique de MontréalMontréalQuébec

Th.s article d.scribes a local error estimator for Glimm＇s sch.me for h.perbolic systems of conservation laws and.uses it to replace th. usual rand.m ch.ice in Glimm＇s sch.me by an optimal ch.ice. As a by-prod.ct of th. local error estimator, th. proced.re provid.s a global error estimator th.t is sh.wn numerically to be a very accurate estimate of th. error in L1 （R） for all times. Alth.ugh.th.re is partial math.matical evid.nce for th. error estimator proposed. at th.s stage th. error estimator must be consid.red.ad. h.c. Noneth.less, th. error estimator is simple to compute, relatively inexpensive, with.ut ad.ustable parameters and.at least as accurate as oth.r existing error estimators. Numerical experiments in 1-d.for Burgers＇ equation and.for Euler＇s system are performed.to measure th. asymptotic accuracy of th. resulting sch.me and.of th. error estimator.

关键词： conservation laws finite d.fference meth.d. ad.ptive error estimation aposteriori