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Complications of button battery ingestion or insertion in children:a systematic review and pooled analysis of individual patient-level data

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第10期20卷 1017-1028页

作者： Christopher Tran Carlos Nunez guy d.eslick Ruth Barker Elizabeth J.Elliott Sydney Medical School Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit Level 2Kids ResearchThe Sydney Children’s Hospital Network(Westmead)Locked Bag 4001WestmeadNSW2145Australia Queensland Children’s Hospital BrisbaneQLDAustralia Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit Jamieson Trauma InstituteRoyal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia

Background Button battery(BB)exposures are common in children and can have devastating *** reviewed current evidence on the complications associated with BB exposure and identified predictors of outcomes using individual patient-level *** sources We carried out a systematic review and pooled analysis by searching MEdLINE,Embase,and Scopus up to May 19,*** studies describe complications following BB exposures in children(ageddds ratios(ORs)were calculated using binary logistic regression to measure associations between predictive factors and different *** Two-hundred seventeen studies(439 children)were *** median age at presentation was 1.75[interquartile range(IQR)1.00–3.00]years and 399(90.9%)exposures were *** the 380 cases reporting sex,162(42.6%)were ***(192,48.1%)and respiratory difficulties(138,34.6%)were common presenting features for ingestions,while symptomatology was site-specific for *** complications included oesophageal mucosal damage alone(105,26.3%)and tracheooesophageal fistula(93,23.3%)for ingestions,and nasal septal perforation(22,55.0%)and mucosal damage alone(13,32.5%)for *** perforation occurred in 2.5%of ingestion cases,including perforation of Meckel's diverticulum,peritonitis,and jejunocolic *** complications were common among children who ***(≤2 years),battery exposure duration(>6 hours),and battery diameter(≥20 mm)were associated with common and severe complications of *** BB injuries are time-critical,with severe sequelae predominantly affecting young *** is *** work through regulation and safer battery design are required to eliminate this problem.

关键词： Child Electric power supplies digestive systems Fatal outcome Foreign bodies

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Systematic review and meta-analysis: Comparing hepatocellular and cholestatic patterns of drug-induced liver injury

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iLIVER 2023年第2期2卷 122-129页

作者： Georgia Zeng guy d.eslick Martin Weltman department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nepean HospitalKingswoodAustralia Nepean Clinical School University of SydneyKingswoodAustralia NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in digestive Health Hunter Medical Research InstituteThe University of NewcastleNewcastleAustralia

Background and aims:drug-induced liver injury(dILI)is a leading cause of death from acute liver failure(ALF).Hy's law warns that a hepatocellular pattern of injury accompanied by jaundice and normal alkaline phosphatase(ALP)levels is associated with a 10%or greater chance of progression to transplant or liver-related *** meta-analysis of dILI studies evaluates acute and chronic outcomes of dILI according to clinical pattern of ***:We conducted a systematic search using electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE through to 8 March *** primary outcome was to compare acute outcomes including ALF,liver-related death,and liver transplant between patients experiencing hepatocellular,cholestatic,and mixed patterns of *** secondary outcome was to compare the rate of dILI chronicity between patients of these three differing patterns of *** odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were calculated using a random-effects ***:Overall,12 studies comprising 4290 patients were *** with cholestatic dILI demonstrated similar rates of ALF(OR:0.80,95%CI:0.46–1.40,p=0.429)and liver-related death(OR:0.92,95%CI:0.50–1.69,p=0.792)compared to patients with hepatocellular *** with cholestatic dILI were significantly more likely to experience chronicity compared to patients with hepatocellular dILI(OR:2.53,95%CI:1.34–4.79,p=0.004).

关键词： drug-induced liver injury Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity Acute liver failure Liver-related death Meta-analysis

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Australian children living with rare diseases:health service use and barriers to accessing care

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第7期19卷 701-709页

作者： Suzy Teutsch Yvonne Zurynski guy deslick Marie deverell John Christodoulou Helen Leonard Troy dalkeith Sandra LJJohnson Elizabeth JElliott Faculty of Medicine and Health Discipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustraliaAustralian Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit Kids ResearchSydney Children's Hospitals NetworkWestmeadNSWAustralia Australian Institute of Health Innovation Center for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Scienceand NHMRC Partnership Centre in Health System SustainabilityMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustraliaFaculty of Medicine and HealthDiscipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Government department of Health Western Australia PerthWAAustralia Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVICAustralia department of Paediatrics The University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western AustraliaNedlandsWAAustralia Genetic Metabolic disorders Service Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkWestmeadNSWAustralia

Background Children with rare diseases experience challenges at home and school and frequently require multi-disciplinary *** aimed to determine health service utilization by Australian children with rare diseases and barriers to access-ing *** Parents completed an online survey on health professional and emergency department(Ed)presentations,hospi-talization,and barriers to accessing *** barriers to service access included residential location(city,regional,remote)and child health-related functioning,determined using a validated,parent-completed measure-of-function *** Parents of 462 children with over 240 rare diseases completed the *** with the general population,these children were more likely to be hospitalized[odds ratio(OR)=17.25,95%confidence interval(CI)=15.50-19.20]and present to the Ed(OR=4.15,95%CI=3.68-4.68)or a family physician(OR=4.14,95%CI=3.72-4.60).Child functional impairment was nil/mild(31%),moderate(48%)or severe(22%).Compared to children with nil/mild impair-ment,those with severe impairment were more likely to be hospitalized(OR=13.39,95%CI=7.65-23.44)and present to the Ed(OR=11.16,95%CI=6.46-19.27).Most children(75%)lived in major cities,but children from regional(OR=2.78,95%CI=1.72-4.55)and remote areas(OR=9.09,95%CI=3.03-25.00)experienced significantly more barriers to healthcare access than children from major *** included distance to travel,out-of-pocket costs,and lack of specialist medical and other health *** Children with rare diseases,especially those with severe functional impairment have an enormous impact on health services,and better integrated multidisciplinary services with patient-centered care are *** must be improved for children living in rural and remote settings.

关键词： Access Health functioning Health service use Rare diseases

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Helicobacter pylori infection causes gastric cancer? A review of the epidemiological,meta-analytic, and experimental evidence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第19期12卷 2991-2999页

作者： guy d.eslick School of Public Health The University of Sydney SydneyNew South WalesAustralia department of Medicine The University of SydneyNepean HospitalPenrithNew South WalesAustralia

Since the discovery of Carnpylobacter-like organisms （Helicobacter pylori） more than two decades ago the possibility of a relationship with gastric cancer has been postulated, tested and supposedly proven. There have been numerous human studies of various designs from many countries around the world. Several meta-analyses have been published and more recently a small number of experimental animal studies were reported looking at the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. Over the years, the human epidemiological studies have produced conflicting results; the metaanalyses have as one would expect produced similar pooled estimates; while the early experimental animal studies require replication. The exact mechanisms by which H pylori might cause gastric cancer are still under investigation and remain to be elucidated.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Gastric cancer Metaanalysis Systematic review

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Evidence-based assessment of proton-pump inhibitors in Helicobacter pylori eradication: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14527-14536页

作者： Vinayak Nagaraja guy d.eslick The Whiteley-Martin Research Centre Discipline of Surgery The University of Sydney Nepean Hospital Penrith NSW 2751 Australia

Peptic ulcer disease continues to be issue especially due to its high prevalence in the developing *** pylori(***)infection associated duodenal ulcers should undergo eradication *** are many regimens offered for *** eradication which include triple,quadruple,or sequential therapy *** central aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence for *** therapy from a meta-analytical *** consequence of the dose,type of proton-pump inhibitor,and the length of the treatment will be *** most important risk factor for eradication failure is resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Peptic ulcer disease Systematic review Proton-pump inhibitors

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Primary biliary cholangitis in pregnancy:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic diseases International 2022年第3期21卷 218-225页

作者： Hydar El Jamaly guy d.eslick Martin Weltman department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nepean HospitalPenrithNew South WalesAustralia Nepean Clinical School The University of SydneyPenrithNew South WalesAustralia NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in digestive Health Hunter Medical Research InstituteThe University of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia

Background: The outcomes and disease associations in pregnant women with primary biliary cholangitis(PBC) have not been largely explored. This study aimed to determine the level of evidence associated with maternal and fetal outcomes and other disease associations in female patients with PBC. data sources:: A comprehensive literature search was conducted. Maternal and fetal outcomes were obtained from patients with a previous, current or subsequent diagnosis of PBC. A random-effects model was employed, using odds ratios(ORs) with 95% confidence intervals(CIs). Results: Eleven studies, with 2179 female PBC patients were included. Pregnant women with PBC were significantly more likely to have a miscarriage(OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02-1.58;P = 0.03), and a history of abortion(OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.09-2.07;P = 0.01), with absent heterogeneity( I 2 = 0%). PBC pregnant women were significantly more likely to deliver via vaginal birth(OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.33-2.14;P d a statistically significant increased likelihood of lifetime smoking(OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.17-3.23;P = 0.01). Egger’s regression revealed no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides pooled evidence that a PBC pregnancy is associated with fetal morbidity and maternal lifestyle associations that may influence pregnancy outcomes. More studies are needed to establish disease associations that may directly affect pregnancy outcomes. These data are essential for clinicians managing these patients before, during or after pregnancy.

关键词： Pregnancy Fetal Maternal Primary biliary cholangitis Miscarriage

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Prevalence of recent immunisation in children with febrile convulsions

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2016年第3期5卷 301-305页

作者： Leya Motala guy d.eslick Whiteley-Martin Research Centre Discipline of SurgeryNepean Hospitalthe University of Sydney

AIM:To determine the prevalence of recent immunisation amongst children under 7 years of age presenting for febrile ***:This is a retrospective study of all children under the age of seven presenting with febrile convulsions to a tertiary referral hospital in Sydney.A total of 78 cases occurred in the period January 2011 to July 2012 and were included in the *** was extracted from medical records to provide a retrospective review of the ***:Of the 78 total cases,there were five medical records which contained information on whether or not immunisation had been administered in the preceding 48 h to presentation to the emergency *** these five patients only one patient(1.28%of the study population) was confirmed to have received a vaccination with Infanrix,Prevnar and *** majority of cases reported a current infection as a likely precipitant to the febrile ***:This study found a very low prevalence of recent immunisation amongst children with febrile convulsions presenting to an emergency department at a tertiary referral hospital in *** finding,however,may have been distorted by underreporting of vaccination history.

关键词： Prevalence Immunisation Febrile convulsion Adverse event Vaccination

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Study design in evidence-based surgery:What is the role of case-control studies?

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World Journal of Methodology 2016年第1期6卷 101-104页

作者： Amy M Cao Michael R Cox guy d.eslick discipline of Surgery the University of SydneyNepean Hospital

Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) are the gold standard in terms of study design, however, in the surgical setting conducting RCTs can often be unethical or logistically impossible. Case-control studies should become the major study design used in surgical research when RCTs are unable to be conducted and definitely replacing case series which offer little insight into surgical outcomes and disease processes.

关键词： Research studies Case-control studies Randomized clinical trials Bias Sample size

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Viscoelastic Immersed Boundary Methods for Zero Reynolds Number Flow

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第7期12卷 462-478页

作者： Wanda Strychalski Robert d.guy department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaDavis CA 95616USA

The immersed boundary method has been extensively used to simulate the motion of elastic structures immersed in a viscous *** some applications,such as modeling biological materials,capturing internal boundary viscosity is *** present numerical methods for simulating Kelvin-Voigt and standard linear viscoelastic structures immersed in zero Reynolds number *** find that the explicit time immersed boundary update is unconditionally unstable above a critical boundary to fluid viscosity ratio for a Kelvin-Voigt *** also show there is a severe time step restriction when simulating a standard linear boundary with a small relaxation time scale using the same explicit update.A stable implicit method is presented to overcome these computation challenges.

关键词： Stokes flow viscoelastic structures fluid-structure interaction numerical instability

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A Multigrid Method for a Model of the Implicit Immersed Boundary Equations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第7期12卷 378-400页

作者： Robert d.guy Bobby Philip department of Mathematics University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA

Explicit time stepping schemes for the immersed boundary method require very small time steps in order to maintain *** the equations that arise from an implicit discretization is ***,several different approaches have been proposed,but a complete understanding of this problem is still emerging.A multigrid method is developed and explored for solving the equations in an implicittime discretization of a model of the immersed boundary *** model problem consists of a scalar Poisson equation with conformation-dependent singular forces on an immersed *** model does not include the inertial terms or the incompressibility *** method is more efficient than an explicit method,but the efficiency gain is *** multigrid method alone may not be an effective solver,but when used as a preconditioner for Krylov methods,the speed-up over the explicit-time method is *** example,depending on the constitutive law for the boundary force,with a time step 100 times larger than the explicit method,the implicit method is about 15-100 times more efficient than the explicit method.A very attractive feature of this method is that the efficiency of the multigrid preconditioned Krylov solver is shown to be independent of the number of immersed boundary points.

关键词： Preconditioning implicit methods fluid-structure interaction

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