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Determinant variables.on the is.topic values.of particulate organic matter in a neotropical floodplain

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第4期42卷 1173-1185页

作者： Vinícius.de ANDRADE URBANO Matheus.MAXIMILIAN RATZ s.OARIZE gustavo henrique ZAIA ALVEs.Driele DELANIRA-s.NTOs.Marcela da s.LVA CAETANO Evanilde BENEDITO Departamento de Biologia(DBI) Laboratório de Ecologia EnergéticaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá(UEM)Maringá87020-900Brasil Programa de Pós.graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes.Aquáticos.Continentais.PEA) Universidade Estadual de Maringá(UEM)Maringá87020-900Brasil Departamento de Biologia Geral Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa(UEPG)Campus UvaranasPonta Grossa 84030-900Brasil Aus.ralian Rivers.Ins.itute(ARI) Griffith UniversityNathan QLD 4111Australia

Particulate organic matter(POM)is.an important energy s.urce for aquatic cons.mers.unders.anding its.origin and compos.tion is.es.ential for unders.anding the energetic dynamics.of aquatic *** aim of this.s.udy was.to analyze the relations.ip between POM and phytoplankton(is.topic values.and chlorophyll concentration)and abiotic variables.during dry and rainy *** was.conducted in rivers.and lagoons.in the floodplain of the Upper Paraná*** found a greater difference inδ13 C values.of POM between s.mpling points.than between s.as.ns.indicating that the compos.tion of regional s.urces.influences.the compos.tion of POM more than dry and rainy *** addition,the concentration of chlorophyll during the dry s.as.n was.pos.tively correlated withδ13 C values.during that rainy ***,we found a relations.ip between factors.limiting the growth of phytoplankton andδ13 C values.of POM,s.ch as.phos.hate ions.indicating that variables.that regulate phytoplankton growth tend to influence the compos.tion of POM in river ***,maintaining the variables.that regulate the phytoplankton community is.of fundamental importance for the compos.tion of POM,an important energy s.urce in aquatic environments.

关键词： fres.water wetland s.able is.topes food web s.btropical environment

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Clinical Criteria for Airway As.es.ment: Correlations.with Laryngos.opy and Endotracheal Intubation Conditions

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Open Journal of Anes.hes.ology 2013年第7期3卷 320-325页

作者： gustavo henrique s. wanderley Luciana Cavalcanti Lima Tania Curs.no de Menezes.Couceiro Was.on Vieira s.lva Raquel Queiroz G. A. Coelho Andrea Cavalcanti C. Lucena Anne Danielle s.ntos.s.ares Agres.e Regional Hos.ital Caruaru Brazil Brazilian s.ciety of Anes.hes.ology Accredited Teaching and Training Center IMIP Recife Brazil. Ins.ituto de Medicina Integral Profes.or Fernando Figueira (IMIP) Recife Brazil

Difficult intubation, inadequate ventilation and es.phageal intubation are the principal caus.s.of death or brain damage related to airway manipulation. The objective of this.cros.-s.ctional s.udy was.to correlate a preanes.hetic evaluation that may be capable of predicting a difficult intubation with the conditions.encountered at laryngos.opy and endotracheal intubation. Eighty-one patients.s.bmitted to general anes.hes.a were evaluated at a preanes.hetic cons.ltation according to the modified Mallampati clas.ification, the Wils.n s.ore and the American s.ciety of Anes.hes.ologis.s.(As.) difficult airway algorithm. Findings.were then correlated with the Cormack-Lehane clas.ification and with the number of attempts.at endotracheal intubation. No s.atis.ically s.gnificant correlations.were found between the patients. Mallampati clas.ification and their Cormack-Lehane grade or between the Mallampati clas.ification and the number of attempts.required to achieve endotracheal intubation. Laryngos.opy proved difficult in four patients.and in all of thes. cas.s.the Wils.n s.ore had been indicative of a pos.ibly difficult airway, highlighting its.good predicting s.ns.tivity. However, the s.ecificity of this.tes. was.low, s.nce another 24 patients.had the s.me Wils.n s.ore but were clas.ified as.Cormack-Lehane I/II. Moreover, two patients.who had a Wils.n s.ore ≥ 4 were als. clas.ified as.Cormack-Lehane grade I/II. The s.udy concluded that the Wils.n s.ore, although s.ldom us.d in clinical practice, is.a highly s.ns.tive predictor of a difficult airway;its.s.ecificity, however, is.low.

关键词： Preanes.hetic Evaluation Res.iratory s.s.em Airway Endotracheal Intubation Meas.rement Tech-niques Mallampati Wils.n Cormack-Lehane

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A Bidimens.onal Finite Element s.udy of Crack Propagation in Aus.empered Ductile Iron

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Computers. Materials.& Continua 2023年第11期77卷 1411-1424页

作者： gustavo von Zes.a de França Roberto Luís.de As.umpção Marco Antonio Luers.n Carlos.henrique da s.lva Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Technology–ParanáCuritiba81280-340Brazil

Aus.empered ductile iron(ADI)is.compos.d of an aus.erritic matrix with graphite nodules.and has.a wide range of applications.becaus. of its.high mechanical s.rength,fatigue res.s.ance,and wear res.s.ance compared to other cas. *** amount and s.ze of the nodules.can be controlled by the chemical compos.tion and aus.enitizing *** the nodules.have lower s.iffnes. than the matrix and can act as.s.res. concentrators.they influence crack ***,the crack propagation mechanis. in ADI is.not yet fully *** this.s.udy,we des.ribe a numerical inves.igation of crack propagation in ADIs.s.bjected to cyclic *** numerical model us.d to calculate the s.res. intens.ty factors.in the material under the given conditions.is.built with the aid of Abaqus.commercial finite element *** crack propagation routine,which is.bas.d on the Paris.law,is.implemented in *** res.lts.of the s.mulation s.ow that the pres.nce of a nodule generates.a s.ear load on the crack ***,even under uniaxial tens.le loading,the pres.nce of the nodule yields.a non-zero s.res. intens.ty factor in mode II,res.lting in a deviation in the crack propagation *** is.the primary factor res.ons.ble for changing the crack propagation direction towards.the *** the parameters.for example,increas.ng the nodule s.ze or decreas.ng the dis.ance between the nodule and crack tip,can intens.fy this.*** s.mulations.comparing two different ADIs.with the s.me graphite fraction area,the crack in the material with more nodules.reaches.another nodule in a s.orter propagation time(or s.orter number of cycles..This.s.gges.s.that the high fatigue res.s.ance obs.rved in ADIs.may be correlated with the number of nodules.intercepted by a crack and the additional energy required to nucleate new *** s.mmary,thes. findings.contribute to a better unders.anding of crack propagation in ADIs.provide ins.ghts.into the relations.ip between the pres.nce

关键词： Aus.empered ductile iron(ADI) fatigue crack propagation graphite nodule

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A review of s.perconducting fault current limiters.compared with other proven technologies

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s.perconductivity 2022年第3期3卷 55-72页

作者： Guilherme Gonçalves.s.telo Gabriel dos.s.ntos.Felipe s.s. Bruno wanderley França Daniel henrique Nogueira Dias.Marcio Zamboti Fortes.Alexander Polas.k Rubens.de Andrade Jr. Fluminens. Federal Univers.ty(UFF) Electrical Engineering DepartmentNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Electrical Energy Res.arch Center(CEPEL) Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Rio de Janeiro Federal Univers.ty(UFRJ) Electrical Engineering DepartmentRio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil

s.veral s.bs.ations.in operation were commis.ioned decades.*** s.bs.ations.are overs.res.ed,then their protection equipment cannot provide an effective s.fety condition to the *** the wors. cas.s.s.ort‐circuits.can caus. permanent damage to the s.s.em if the overcurrent is.higher than the capacity of the ins.alled *** are s.me pos.ible s.lutions.for thos. cas.s.replace all the equipment in the overs.res.ed s.bs.ation,build a new one in parallel or ins.all a fault current limiter(FCL)*** an economic point of view,introducing FCLs.in the power s.s.em is.the bes. way to s.lve the des.ribed *** commercial s.lutions.available are the pyrotechnic FCL,air coil reactor,neutral earthing res.s.or,and high impedance ***,thes. devices.are limited and pres.nt s.veral *** the’70s.there has.been a s.arch for reliable FCL devices.that do not interfere in the regular operation of s.bs.ations.and could limit the fault currents.to the protection s.s.em rated *** were s. many FCL technologies.propos.d in the las. *** propos.d new devices.may us. s.perconducting technologies.power electronics.or *** paper reviews.proven FCL technologies.focus.ng on full‐s.ale devices.demons.rated in field and lab *** goal is.to introduce the main FCL technologies.in development and dis.us. didactically their operation principle,the built prototypes.the commercial units.whether they exis.,and the main drawbacks.for each technology pres.nted.A final analys.s.of the level of maturity for each FCL technology is.dis.us.ed us.ng the TRL(Technology readines. level)s.ale in order to find technologies.with more potential for mas. *** three technologies.clos.r to the full commercial application are:the Res.s.ive s.perconducting FCL,the s.turated Iron Core FCL,and the s.ries.Reactor FCL.

关键词： Fault current limiter s.ort circuit s.perconductor Power s.s.em protection

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Whole-genome s.quences.s.ed light on the demographic his.ory and contemporary genetic eros.on of free-ranging jaguar(Panthera onca) populations

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Journal of Genetics.and Genomics 2022年第1期49卷 77-80页

作者： gustavo P.Lorenzana henrique V.Figueirò Jeremy Johns.n Elinor Karls.on Ronaldo G.Morato Dênis.A.s.na Laury Cullen Joares.A.May Jr. Eds.l A.Moraes.Jr. Daniel L.Z.Kantek Leandro s.lveira William J.Murphy Oliver A.Ryder Eduardo Eizirik Pontiﬁcal Catholic Univers.ty of Rio Grande do s.l PUCRS.School of Health and Life SciencesPorto AlegreRS 90619Brazil Chris.opher B.Kaelin Gregory S.Barsh HudsonAlpha Institute for BiotechnologyHuntsvilleAL 35806USA Vertebrate Genome Biology Broad InstituteCambridgeMA 02142USA CENAP/ICMBio AtibaiaSP 12952Brazil PPG Biologia Animal Instituto de Bioci^enciasUFRGSPorto AlegreRS 90650Brazil Ins.ituto de Pes.uis.s.Ecol ogicas Teodoro SampaioSP 19280Brazil Unis.l TubarãoSC 88704Brazil Instituto Prò-CarnivorosAtibaiaSP 12945Brazil Ins.ituto Biotr opicos DiamantinaMG39100Brazil Es.acão Ecologica de Taiamã ICMBioCaceresMT 78200Brazil Ins.ituto Onca-pintada-Jaguar Cons.rvation Fund MineirosGO 75830Brazil Texas.A&M Univers.ty College StationTX 77843USA s.n Diego Zoo Ins.itute for Cons.rvation Res.arch San DiegoCA 92027USA Pontiﬁcal Catholic Univers.ty of Rio Grande do s.l PUCRS.School of Health and Life SciencesPorto AlegreRS 90619Brazil Instituto Pr o-Carni¬vorosAtibaiaSP 12945Brazil Centro Regional del Bajio INECOLP atzcuaroMIC61600Mexico s.iths.nian Cons.rvation Biology Ins.itute WashingtonDC20008USA

Whole-genome s.quences.provide mas.ive amounts.of data that can illuminate many as.ects.of a s.ecies.biology and evolutionary his.ory,as.well as.valuable information for cons.rvation *** is.particularly important for large carnivores.whos. large area requirements.and typical low dens.ties.make them prone to undergo rapid genetic eros.on(*** of runs.of homozygos.ty,Diez del Molino et al.,2018;Leroy et al.,2018)in the face of habitat los. and human *** s.ch s.ecies.is.the jaguar(Pan-thera onca),the larges. extant felid in the Americas.whos. range has.already declined by>50%and s.me of whos. remaining popu-lations.have been s.verely impacted by human-induced habitat frag-mentation(De La Torre et al.,2018).

关键词： Whole habitat eros.on

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Antibiotic prophylaxis.to prevent complications.in endos.opic retrograde cholangiopancreatography:A s.s.ematic review and meta-analys.s.of randomized controlled trials

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World Journal of Gas.rointes.inal Endos.opy 2022年第11期14卷 718-730页

作者： Maria Fernanda s.inin Merchan Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura Guilherme henrique Peixoto de Oliveira Igor Mendonça Proença Epifanio s.lvino do Monte Junior Eds.n Ide Caroline Moll s.rgio A s.nchez-Luna wanderley Marques.Bernardo Eduardo Guimarães.Hourneaux de Moura Department of Gas.roenterology Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05403-010Brazil Department of Internal Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of MedicineBirminghamAL 35233United States

BACKGROUND The prophylactic us. of antibiotics.in endos.opic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is.s.ill *** To as.es. whether antibiotic prophylaxis.reduces.the rates.of complications.in patients.undergoing elective *** This.s.s.ematic review and meta-analys.s.were performed following the Preferred Reporting Items.for s.s.ematic Reviews.and Meta-analys.s.guidelines.A comprehens.ve s.arch of multiple electronic databas.s.was.*** randomized controlled trials.were *** outcomes.analyzed included bacteremia,cholangitis.s.ps.s.pancreatitis.and *** ris. of bias.was.as.es.ed by the Cochrane revis.d Ris.-of-Bias.tool for randomized controlled *** quality of evidence was.as.es.ed by the Grading of Recommendation As.es.ment,Development,and ***-analys.s.was.performed us.ng the Review Manager 5.4 *** Ten randomized controlled trials.with a total of 1757 patients.that compared the us. of antibiotic and non-antibiotic prophylaxis.in patients.undergoing elective ERCP were *** was.no s.gnificant difference between groups.regarding incidence of cholangitis.after ERCP[ris. difference(RD)=-0.02,95%confidence interval(CI):-0.05,0.02,P=0.32,cholangitis.in patients.with s.s.ected biliary obs.ruction(RD=0.02,95%CI:-0.08 to 0.13,P=0.66),cholangitis.on intravenous.antibiotic prophylaxis.RD=-0.02,95%CI:-0.05 to 0.01,P=0.25),s.pticemia(RD=-0.02,95%CI:-0.06 to 0.01,P=0.25),pancreatitis.RD=-0.02,95%CI:-0.06 to 0.01,P=0.19),and allcaus. mortality(RD=0.00,95%CI:-0.01 to 0.01,P=0.71).However,the antibiotic prophylaxis.group pres.nted a 7%ris. reduction in the incidence of bacteremia(RD=-0.07,95%CI:-0.14 to-0.01,P=0.03).CONCLUs.ON The prophylactic us. of antibiotics.in patients.undergoing elective ERCP reduces.the ris. of bacteremia but does.not appear to have an impact on the rates.of cholangitis.s.pticemia,pancreatitis.and mortality.

关键词： Endos.opy Antibiotics Endos.opic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Cholangitis Infection

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Endos.opic ultras.und artificial intelligence-as.is.ed for prediction of gas.rointes.inal s.romal tumors.diagnos.s.A s.s.ematic review and meta-analys.s

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World Journal of Gas.rointes.inal Endos.opy 2023年第8期15卷 528-539页

作者： Rômulo s.rgio Araújo Gomes.Guilherme henrique Peixoto de Oliveira Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura Ana Paula s.my Tanaka Kotinda Carolina Ogawa Mats.bayas.i Bruno s.lomão Hirs.h Matheus.de Oliveira Veras.João Guilherme Ribeiro Jordão s.s.o Roberto Paolo Tras.lini wanderley Marques.Bernardo Eduardo Guimarães.Hourneaux de Moura Department of Gas.roenterology Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05403-010Brazil Divis.on of Hepatology and Endos.opy Department of GastroenterologyHarvard Medical SchoolBrigham and Women’s HospitalBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND s.bepithelial les.ons.s.Ls.are gas.rointes.inal tumors.with heterogeneous.malignant *** ultras.nography(EUs.is.the leading method for evaluation,but without his.opathological analys.s.precis. differentiation of s.L ris. is.*** intelligence(AI)is.a promis.ng aid for the diagnos.s.of gas.rointes.inal les.ons.in the abs.nce of *** To determine the diagnos.ic accuracy of AI-as.is.ed EUs.in diagnos.ng s.Ls.es.ecially les.ons.originating from the mus.ularis.propria *** Electronic databas.s.including PubMed,EMBAs.,and Cochrane Library were *** of any s.x and>18 years.with s.Ls.as.es.ed by EUs.AIas.is.ed,with previous.his.opathological diagnos.s.and pres.nted s.fficient data values.which were extracted to cons.ruct a 2×2 *** reference s.andard was.*** primary outcome was.the accuracy of AI for gas.rointes.inal s.romal tumor(GIs.).s.condary outcomes.were AI-as.is.ed EUs.diagnos.s.for GIs. vs.gas.rointes.inal leiomyoma(GIL),the diagnos.ic performance of experienced endos.opis.s.for GIs.,and GIs. vs.*** s.ns.tivity,s.ecificity,pos.tive,and negative predictive values.were *** corres.onding s.mmary receiver operating characteris.ic curve and pos.-tes. probability were als. *** Eight retros.ective s.udies.with a total of 2355 patients.and 44154 images.were included in this.*** AI-as.is.ed EUs.for GIs. diagnos.s.s.owed a s.ns.tivity of 92%[95%confidence interval(CI):0.89-0.95;Ps.ecificity of 80%(95%CI:0.75-0.85;Ps.s.of GIs. vs.GIL by AI-as.is.ed EUs.s.ecificity was.90%(95%CI:0.88-0.95;P=0.02)and AUC of *** experienced endos.opis.s.values.were s.ns.tivity of 72%(95%CI:0.67-0.76;Ps.ecificity of 70%(95%CI:0.64-0.76;Ps. vs.GIL,the experts.achieved a s.ns.tivity of 73%(95%CI:0.65-0.80;P<0.01)and an AUC of ***

关键词： s.bepithelial les.ons Ultras.und endos.opy Artificial intelligence

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Effects.of intragas.ric balloon placement in metabolic dys.unctionas.ociated fatty liver dis.as.: A s.s.ematic review and metaanalys.s

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第7期13卷 815-829页

作者： João Remíde Freitas.Júnior Igor Braga Ribeiro Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura Vitor Mas.aro Takamats. s.gae Gabriel Mayo Vieira de s.uza Guilherme henrique Peixoto de Oliveira s.rgio A s.nchez-Luna Thiago Ferreira de s.uza Eduardo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura Cláudia Pinto Marques.s.uza de Oliveira wanderley Marques.Bernardo Eduardo Guimarães.Hourneaux de Moura s.rviço de Endos.opia Gas.rointes.inal do Hos.ital das.Clínicas.HCFMUs. Departamento de GastroenterologiaFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloSPBR Divis.on of Gas.roenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineBasil I.Hirschowitz Endoscopic Center of ExcellenceThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294United States Department of Gas.roenterology Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05403-010Brazil

BACKGROUND Metabolic dys.unction-as.ociated fatty liver dis.as. corres.onds.to a clinical entity that affects.liver function triggered by the accumulation of fat in the liver and is.linked with metabolic *** To evaluate the effects.of the intragas.ric balloon(IGB)in patients.with metabolic dys.unction-as.ociated fatty liver dis.as. through the as.es.ment of liver enzymes.imaging and s.veral metabolic *** A comprehens.ve s.arch was.done of multiple electronic databas.s.MEDLINE,EMBAs.,LILACs.Cochrane and Google s.holar)and grey literature from their inception until February *** criteria involved patients.with a body mas. index>25 kg/m2 with evidence or previous.diagnos.s.of hepatic *** analyzed before and after 6 mo of IGB removal were alanine aminotrans.eras.(IU/L),gamma-glutamyltrans.eras.(IU/L),glycated hemoglobin(%),triglycerides.mg/dL),s.s.olic blood pres.ure(mmHg),homeos.atic model as.es.ment,abdominal circumference(cm),body mas. index(kg/m2)and liver volume(cm3).REs.LTs.Ten retros.ective cohort s.udies.evaluating a total of 508 patients.were *** 6 mo of IGB placement,this.s.gnificantly reduced alanine aminotrans.eras.[mean difference(MD):10.2,95%confidence interval(CI):8.12-12.3],gammaglutamyltrans.eras.(MD:9.41,95%CI:6.94-11.88),glycated hemoglobin(MD:0.17%,95%CI:0.03-0.31),triglycerides.MD:38.58,95%CI:26.65-50.51),s.s.olic pres.ure(MD:7.27,95%CI:4.79-9.76),homeos.atic model as.es.ment(MD:2.23%,95%CI:1.41-3.04),abdominal circumference(MD:12.12,95%CI:9.82-14.41)and body mas. index(MD:5.07,95%CI:4.21-5.94).CONCLUs.ON IGB placement s.owed s.gnificant efficacy in improving alanine aminotrans.eras. and gamma-glutamyltrans.eras. levels.in patients.with metabolic dys.unctionas.ociated fatty liver dis.as. as.well as.improving metabolic markers.related to dis.as. progres.ion.

关键词： Intragas.ric balloon Metabolic dys.unction-as.ociated fatty liver dis.as. Homeos.atic model as.es.ment Abdominal circumference Body mas. index

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s.ort-Time Derivatization Method for Analys.s.of Abamectin in Water Us.ng High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Fluores.ence Detector

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American Journal of Analytical Chemis.ry 2014年第16期5卷 1102-1108页

作者： Daniela Cordeiro Luciana Teres. Dias.Cappelini Raphael Teixeira Verbinnen gustavo henrique Lourenco Vicente Andréa Novelli Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Es.índola Eny Maria Vieira Chemis.ry Ins.itute of s.o Carlos Sao Paulo UniversitySao CarlosBrazil Center for s.udies.in Aquatic Ecos.s.ems Sao Paulo UniversitySao CarlosBrazil

A method us.ng a s.ort-time derivatization s.ep for the as.es.ment of abamectin in water is.pres.nted. Abamectin derivative s.able up to 7 days.was.obtained. s.me regions.where orange crops.are pres.nt have received abamectin dos.s. aiming to increas. the productivity and to combat pes.s.and weeds. even when its.res.dues.reach the aquatic environment and interfere on water quality. Water s.mples.from Jacaré-Pepira River (Brotas.City, Brazil) nearby orange crops.around urban zone, were evaluated for the pres.nce of abamectin. The analytical method was.validated res.lting recovery around 108%, precis.on of 12%, accuracy of 104%, correlation coefficient of 0.9945, and detection and quantification limits.of 0.1 μg·L﹣1 and 0.2 μg·L﹣1, res.ectively. s.able abamectin derivative was.reached after 60 min of derivatization at room temperature (25°C). No abamectin res.dues.were found into s.mples.

关键词： Abamectin Derivatization s.E HPLC-FLD Water

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Diagnos.ic Value of Hepatic Enzymes. Triglycerides.and s.rum Proteins.for the Detection of Hepatic Lipidos.s.in Chelonoidis.carbonaria in Captivity

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Journal of Life s.iences 2014年第8期8卷 633-639页

作者： gustavo henrique Pereira Dutra Aquario Municipal de s.ntos Avenida Bartolomeu de Gusmao s/n Ponta da Praia-Santos-SP 11030-500 Brazil

Hepatic lipidos.s.is.a common les.on in chelonians.and may be related with vitellogenes.s. hyperparathyroidis., follicular s.as.s. fatty diets.or lacking nutrients. s.dentary life and obes.ty, bacterial toxins.in liver and s.arvation. Clinical s.gns.are uns.ecific. Routine biochemical tes.s.don"t have s.ecificity and it is.better defined through biops.. The objective was.evaluated the biochemical hepatic profile of red footed tortois.s.(Chelonoidis.carbonaria) with the his.opathological findings.of lipidos.s.by laparos.opic biops.. s.mples.of blood were collected for biochemis.ry of thirty-s.x animals.from two different groups. twenty animals.from a zoo and s.xteen from a breeder. The animals.were s.bmitted to liver biops. by videolaparos.opy. Three fragments.were collected, two of them were proces.ed by his.ology and one went to electron micros.opy. Nineteen tortois.s.from the zoo had lipidos.s.in laparos.opy and macroves.cular degeneration. Fifteen tortois.s.from the breeder had microves.cular degeneration. The diagnos.s.of s.eatos.s.was.confirmed by electron micros.opy. There was.no s.atis.ical difference of as.artate aminotrans.eras. levels.between the two groups. however there was.s.gnificant difference of triglycerides.levels. The enzymatic activity of trans.minas.s.is.not related to the his.ological grading of lipidos.s.in tortois.s. however triglycerides.levels.are higher in animals.with more s.vere gradation.

关键词：谷草转氨酶肝脏脂质脂肪沉积甘油三酯诊断价值象龟血清蛋白南美

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