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Permafrost carbon cycle and its dynamics on the Tibetan Plateau

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 1833-1848页

作者： Leiyi Chen Guibiao Yang Yuxuan Bai Jinfeng Chang Shuqi Qin Futing Liu Mei He Yutong Song Fan Zhang Josep Penuelas Biao Zhu guoying zhou Yuanhe Yang State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China China National Botanical Garden Beijing 100093China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC) Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)Barcelona 08193Spain Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry(CREAF) Barcelona 08193Spain Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China

Our knowledge on permafrost carbon(C)cycle is crucial for understanding its feedback to climate warming and developing nature-based solutions for mitigating climate *** understand the characteristics of permafrost C cycle on the Tibetan Plateau,the largest alpine permafrost region around the world,we summarized recent advances including the stocks and fluxes of permafrost C and their responses to thawing,and depicted permafrost C dynamics within this *** find that this alpine permafrost region stores approximately 14.1 Pg(1 Pg=1015g)of soil organic C(SOC)in the top 3 *** substantial gaseous emissions and lateral C transport occur across this permafrost ***,the mobilization of frozen C is expedited by permafrost thaw,especially by the formation of thermokarst landscapes,which could release significant amounts of C into the atmosphere and surrounding water *** alpine permafrost region nevertheless remains an important C sink,and its capacity to sequester C will continue to increase by *** future perspectives,we would suggest developing long-term in situ observation networks of C stocks and fluxes with improved temporal and spatial coverage,and exploring the mechanisms underlying the response of ecosystem C cycle to permafrost *** addition,it is essential to improve the projection of permafrost C dynamics through in-depth model-data fusion on the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： permafrost carbon climate change carbon release carbon sink permafrost thaw thermokarst formation

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气候变化下中国油茶毒蛾潜在分布区模拟预测

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北京林业大学学报 2024年第6期46卷 93-105页

作者：杨柳刘君昂周国英何苑皞段翔周洁尘中南林业科技大学林学院湖南长沙410004 湘潭市林业科学研究所湖南湘潭411206

【目的】油茶是国家重点发展的木本油料作物,具有较高的经济价值和生态价值。油茶毒蛾是油茶的主要病虫害之一,严重制约了油茶的产量和质量。本研究针对油茶毒蛾的潜在分布开展模拟预测,以期为油茶毒蛾的预警和具体防控行动提供科学依... 详细信息

【目的】油茶是国家重点发展的木本油料作物,具有较高的经济价值和生态价值。油茶毒蛾是油茶的主要病虫害之一,严重制约了油茶的产量和质量。本研究针对油茶毒蛾的潜在分布开展模拟预测,以期为油茶毒蛾的预警和具体防控行动提供科学依据。【方法】基于油茶毒蛾在中国的有效地理分布数据和生物气候数据,利用MaxEnt生态位模型和ArcGIS软件,模拟预测油茶毒蛾在当前气候条件的潜在分布,以及SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5 3种气候情景下2050年和2070年油茶毒蛾在中国潜在适生区分布范围,并分析了制约其适生区分布的主导环境因子。【结果】(1)影响油茶毒蛾适生区分布的主导环境因子为最干月降水量、年降水量、最冷月最低温度和温度日较差月均值。当最干月降水量28~148 mm、年降水量1 290~2 080 mm、最冷月最低温度1.0~10.1℃、温度日较差月均值7.2~8.5℃时最适宜油茶毒蛾的生存。(2)当前气候条件下,油茶毒蛾总适生区面积约占我国国土面积的20.0%,主要分布在我国南方的长江中下游地区和华南地区,高度适生区面积为64.2×10^(4) km^(2),中度适生区面积为61.8×10^(4) km^(2),低度适生区面积为66.0×10^(4) km^(2)。(3)在未来两个时期和3种气候情景下,油茶毒蛾适生区面积出现不同程度的扩大,新增适生区面积在9.3×10^(4)~33.0×10^(4) km^(2)之间,地理分布中心迁移距离在24.4~125.1 km之间。气候变暖越明显,油茶毒蛾的潜在分布区面积增加越多,地理分布中心点的迁移距离越远。【结论】油茶毒蛾在中国的适生区范围较广,几乎囊括了中国南部所有的省份。在未来气候情景下,油茶毒蛾的适生区将向北、向西等高纬度的内陆地区扩张。为此,建议相关部门应提前制定预案和政策,加强对油茶毒蛾的观测和防控,减少其对油茶产业造成的损失。

关键词：油茶油茶毒蛾 MaxEnt模型环境因子适生区

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青藏高原高寒草甸微地形对土壤胞外酶活性及生态化学计量比的影响

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应用与环境生物学报 2024年第2期30卷 212-219页

作者：李欣蔚肖元明李春丽高永恒周国英青海大学生态环境工程学院西宁810016 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室西宁810016 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所西宁810008 中国科学院藏药研究重点实验室西宁810008 中国科学院成都生物研究所成都610213

高寒草甸的生态化学计量特征是当前生态学研究的热点问题之一.以青藏高原高寒草甸为研究对象,测定3种微地形(阴坡、阳坡和沟底)的土壤养分含量以及与碳、氮、磷循环相关的酶活性;同时,调查植物群落特征、土壤pH和含水量(SWC),计算植物... 详细信息

高寒草甸的生态化学计量特征是当前生态学研究的热点问题之一.以青藏高原高寒草甸为研究对象,测定3种微地形(阴坡、阳坡和沟底)的土壤养分含量以及与碳、氮、磷循环相关的酶活性;同时,调查植物群落特征、土壤pH和含水量(SWC),计算植物物种多样性指数、土壤关键元素及相应胞外酶的生态化学计量比,探究小尺度高寒草甸上微地形对土壤关键元素、胞外酶活性及相应生态化学计量比的影响因素.结果表明:(1)不同微地形条件下,植物群落组成和多样性差异极显著,阳坡植物多样性最高,阴坡最低(P<0.001).(2)在测定的所有指标中,土壤pH和酸性磷酸酶(AP)在阴坡最高,阳坡的土壤总磷(TP)含量最高,其余指标无显著变化.(3)微地形造成的植物多样性的改变是影响土壤C:N的重要原因,物种多样性与土壤C:N存在极显著的负相关性(P<0.01).(4)地下生物量与土壤C:N具有显著的正相关关系(P<0.05),说明生物量差异是主导土壤C:N变化的关键因素之一.(5)植被因素、土壤pH和土壤TP含量共同调控土壤关键元素和相应胞外酶的生态化学计量在微地形中的变化.本研究表明微地形导致的植物群落特征和土壤理化性质的差异对胞外酶活性及生态化学计量比变化具有重要影响,结果可为厘清未来气候变化背景下青藏高原高寒草甸关键元素循环过程提供重要的理论支持.(图4表5参50)

关键词：土壤酶活生态化学计量微地形高寒草甸物种多样性

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祁连山地区维管植物区系特征

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广西植物 2024年第8期44卷 1540-1552页

作者：李嘉楠王博赵硕张发梅周国英中国科学院西北高原生物研究所中国科学院藏药研究重点实验室中国科学院大学

研究植物区系对植物资源保护及利用意义重大。祁连山地区作为生态过渡带具有丰富的植物多样性，但该区植物区系组成尚未得到系统化整理。为保证物种名录的准确性，探究植物区系分布状况，该研究通过对不同文献分散数据的搜集整理完成初... 详细信息

研究植物区系对植物资源保护及利用意义重大。祁连山地区作为生态过渡带具有丰富的植物多样性，但该区植物区系组成尚未得到系统化整理。为保证物种名录的准确性，探究植物区系分布状况，该研究通过对不同文献分散数据的搜集整理完成初步统计，利用植物标本信息进行校对以确定区系组成。结果表明：(1)祁连山地区共有维管植物1 952种，隶属108科527属，其中国家级保护植物44种，受威胁植物100种。(2)祁连山地区植物以草本为主，灌木次之，乔木最少，大多耐寒、耐旱，其中仅含1种植物的属数目最多，占比最大，区系地理成分多样且温带分布型占绝对优势。(3)祁连山东段物种丰富度最高，其次是中段，西段最少；随经度西移，相似性指数下降。这表明物种组成及地理成分性质是当地气候条件、地形条件及多样化的生境类型综合作用的结果。(4)特有现象较为显著，共计中国特有种717种，祁连山地区特有种45种，反映该地区生态系统的独特性、多样性及复杂性。该研究结果为该地区物种多样性维持及资源可持续开发利用提供了本底资料及科学依据。

关键词：植物区系地理成分 R/T值生物多样性祁连山地区

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Effect of Loss-of-function of the Herpes Simplex Virus-1 microRNA H6-5p on Virus Replication

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第4期34卷 386-396页

作者： Rongquan Huang Xusha zhou Shuqi Ren Xianjie Liu Zhiyuan Han Grace guoying zhou School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 511436China Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research Shenzhen 518116China

To date, 29 distinct microRNAs(miRNAs) have been reported to be expressed during herpes simplex virus *** analysis of mature herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1) miRNAs revealed five sets of miRNAs that are complementary to each other: miR-H6-5p/H1-3p, miR-H6-3p/H1-5p, H2-5p/H14-3p, miR-H2-3p/H14-5p, and miR-H7/***, the roles of individual miRNAs and consequences of this complementarity remain unclear. Here, we focus on two of these complementary miRNAs, miR-H6-5p and miR-H1-3p, using loss-of-function experiments in vitro and in a mouse model of infection using an miRNA sponge approach, including tandem multiplex artificial miRNA-binding sequences that do not match perfectly to the target miRNA inserted downstream of a green fluorescent protein reporter gene. Infection with recombinant virus expressing the miR-H6-5p sponge reduced viral protein levels and virus *** accumulation of viral proteins was also observed at early stages of infection in the presence of both an miR-H6-5p inhibitor and plasmid-expressed miR-H1-3p. Moreover, establishment of latency and reactivation did not differ between the recombinant virus expressing the miR-H6-5p sponge and wild-type HSV-1. Taken together, these data suggest that miR-H6-5p has an as-yet-unidentified role in the early stages of viral infection, and its complement miR-H1-3p suppresses this role in later stages of infection. This report extends understanding of the roles of miRNAs in infection by herpes simplex viruses, supporting a model of infection in which the production of virus and its virulent effects are tightly controlled to maximize persistence in the host and population.

关键词： miR-H6-5p miR-H1-3p Sponge Replication Herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1)

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Foreign gene transfer into Chinese shrimps (Penaeus chinensis) with gene gun

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第9期46卷 766-770,794页

作者： LIU Zhiyi XIANG Jianhai zhou guoying GONG Zuxun Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Plasmids pG DNA-RZ1 with a GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter gene and a ribozyme gene incising penaeid white spot baculovirus (WSBV) were first introduced into the fertilized eggs of Chinese shrimps by gene gun. The treated and control samples of different development stages were observed with a fluorescent microscope. The transient expression of GFP gene was high in nauplius and zoea larvae. Results from RT-PCR and PCR for adults showed that the foreign genes had been transferred into the shrimps and had expressed the corresponding proteins. This work has established a transgenic method for penaeid shrimps, which will set base for the application of genetic engineering breeding into industry.

关键词： gene gun GFP transgenic shrimps.

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Termination of Transcription of LAT Increases the Amounts of ICP0 mRNA but Does Not Alter the Course of HSV-1 Infection in Latently Infected Murine Ganglia

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第2期36卷 264-272页

作者： Haifang Jiang Jiaming Wu Xianjie Liu Ruitao Lu Manling zhou Meiling Chen Yonghong Liu Grace guoying zhou Wenmin Fu School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 511436China Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research Shenzhen 518116China

On entering sensory ganglia,herpes simplex viruses 1(HSV-1)establishes a latent infection with the synthesis of a latency associated transcript(LAT)or initiates productive infection with expression of a set of immediate early viral *** precise mechanisms how expression of a genes is suppressed during the latency are *** mechanism that has been proposed is illustrated in the case of ICP0,a key immediate early viral regulatory ***,the 2 kb LAT intron is complementary to the 30 terminal portion of ICP0 m *** test the hypothesis that accumulation of LAT negatively affects the accumulation of ICP0 m RNA,we inserted a DNA fragment encoding two poly(A)sequences into LAT to early terminate LAT transcript without interrupting the complementary sequence of ICP0 transcript(named as SR1603).Comparisons of the parent(SR1601)and mutant(SR1603)HSV-1 viruses showed the following:Neurons harboring latent SR1603 virus accumulated equivalent amounts of viral DNA but higher amounts of ICP0 m RNA and lower amounts of LAT,when compared to neurons harboring the SR1601 *** notable difference between the two viruses is that viral RNA accumulation in explanted ganglia harboring SR1603 virus initiated significantly sooner than that in neurons harboring SR1601 virus,suggesting that ICP0 may act as an activator of viral gene expression in permissive ***,these data suggest that increased ICP0 m RNA by suppressed LAT did not affect the establishment of latency in latently infected murine ganglia.

关键词： Herpes simplex viruses 1(HSV-1) Latency associated transcript(LAT) ICP0 Latency

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气调贮藏对唐古特大黄品质的影响

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亚太传统医药 2024年第10期20卷 41-45页

作者：陈晨孙忠斌叶增荣王博陈凯扬周国英淮北师范大学中国科学院西北高原生物研究所青海大学

目的:探究气调贮藏对唐古特大黄后期养护的影响。方法:以干燥后唐古特大黄为对照，研究气调养护贮藏2年与常温贮藏2年的唐古特大黄中主要活性成分含量的变化。结果:相比于干燥后唐古特大黄，气调养护储藏与常温储藏的唐古特大黄中总蒽... 详细信息

目的:探究气调贮藏对唐古特大黄后期养护的影响。方法:以干燥后唐古特大黄为对照，研究气调养护贮藏2年与常温贮藏2年的唐古特大黄中主要活性成分含量的变化。结果:相比于干燥后唐古特大黄，气调养护储藏与常温储藏的唐古特大黄中总蒽醌、没食子酸、番泻苷A、番泻苷B以及游离蒽醌(大黄素、大黄酚、芦荟大黄素、大黄素甲醚、大黄酸)的含量均出现损失，气调养护贮藏的唐古特大黄中有效成分含量明显高于常温储藏的含量，表明气调养护贮藏能够有效减少唐古特大黄中有效含量的损失。结论:气调养护有利于唐古特大黄的后期贮藏。该研究为青藏高原道地药材的储藏提供了一定的科学依据。

关键词：唐古特大黄气调养护常温储藏有效成分

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Above-and belowground trait linkages of dominant species shape responses of alpine steppe composition to precipitation changes in the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第4期14卷 569-579页

作者： Zhi Zheng Yue Zhang Shihu Zhang Qun Ma Dajie Gong guoying zhou College of Life Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of ScienceXining 810008China

Aims Human activities and global changes have led to alterations in global and regional precipitation *** extensive studies on the effects of changes in precipitation regimes on plant community composition across different types of grassland worldwide,few studies have specifically focused on the effects of precipitation changes on high-altitude alpine steppe at community and plant species levels in the Tibetan *** We investigated the effects of growing-season precipitation changes(reduced precipitation by 50%,ambient precipitation,enhanced precipitation by 50%)for 6 years on plant community composition in an alpine steppe of the Tibetan Plateau by linking above-to belowground traits of dominant *** Findings We found that reduced precipitation shifted community composition from dominance by bunchgrass(primarily Stipa purpurea)to dominance by rhizomatous grass(primarily Leymus secalinus).Roots and leaf traits of *** and *** differed in their responses to reduced *** precipitation enhanced root vertical length and carbon(C)allocation to deep soil layers,and decreased the leaf width in ***,but it did not change the traits in ***,reduced precipitation significantly enhanced rhizome biomass,length,diameter and adventitious root at the rhizome nodes in *** changes in traits may render rhizomatous grass greater competitive during drought ***,our findings highlight important roles of above-and belowground traits of dominant species in plant community composition of alpine steppe under precipitation change.

关键词： precipitation change functional group dominant species Stipa purpurea Leymus secalinus soil moisture plant traits alpine steppe Tibetan Plateau

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C:N:P stoichiometry of Ericaceae species in shrubland biomes across Southern China:influences of climate,soil and species identity

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 346-357页

作者： Qiang Zhang Qing Liu Huajun Yin Chunzhang Zhao Lin Zhang guoying zhou Chunying Yin Zhijun Lu Gaoming Xiong Yuelin Li Jiaxiang Li Wenting Xu Zhiyao Tang Zongqiang Xie State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008 Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China College of Forest Central South University of Forestry&TechnologyChangsha 410004China Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Aims Carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)stoichiometry strongly affect functions and nutrient cycling within ***,the related researches in shrubs were very *** this study,we aimed to inves-tigate leaf stoichiometry and its driving factors in shrubs,and whether stoichiometry significantly differs among closely related *** We analyzed leaf C,N and P concentrations and their ratios in 32 species of Ericaceae from 161 sites across southern *** examined the relationships of leaf stoichiometry with environmen-tal variables using linear regressions,and quantified the interactive and independent effects of climate,soil and species on foliar stoi-chiometry using general linear models(GLM).Important Findings The foliar C,N and P contents of Ericaceae were 484.66,14.44 and 1.06 mg g−1,*** C,N and P concentrations and their ratios in Ericaceae were significantly related with latitude and altitude,except the N:P insignificantly correlated with ***(mean annual temperature and precipitation)and soil properties(soil C,N and P and bulk density)were significantly influenced element *** GLM analysis showed that soil exerted a greater direct effect on leaf stoichiometry than climate did,and climate affected leaf traits mainly via indirect ***,soil properties had stronger influ-ences on leaf P than on leaf C and *** all independent factors examined,we found species accounted for the largest proportion of the variation in foliar *** results suggest that species can largely influence foliar stoichiometry,even at a lower taxonomic level.

关键词： biogeographic pattern phylogenetic effect closely related species,Ericoid Mycorrhiza shrub

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