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Permafrost carbon cycle and its dynamics on the Tibetan Plateau

Science China Life Sciences 2024年第09期 1833-1848页

作者： Leiyi Chen Guibiao Yang Yuxuan Bai Jinfeng Chang Shuqi Qin Futing Liu Mei He Yutong Song Fan Zhang Josep Pe?uelas Biao Zhu guoying zhou Yuanhe Yang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences China National Botanical Garden College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute Chinese Academy of Forestry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry (CREAF) Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education Peking University Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Our knowledge on permafrost carbon(C) cycle is crucial for understanding its feedback to climate warming and developing nature-based solutions for mitigating climate change. To understand the characteristics of permafrost C cycle on the Tibetan Plateau, the largest alpine permafrost region around the world, we summarized recent advances including the stocks and fluxes of permafrost C and their responses to thawing, and depicted permafrost C dynamics within this century. We find that this alpine permafrost region stores approximately 14.1 Pg(1 Pg=1015g) of soil organic C(SOC) in the top 3 m. Both substantial gaseous emissions and lateral C transport occur across this permafrost region. Moreover, the mobilization of frozen C is expedited by permafrost thaw, especially by the formation of thermokarst landscapes,which could release significant amounts of C into the atmosphere and surrounding water bodies. This alpine permafrost region nevertheless remains an important C sink, and its capacity to sequester C will continue to increase by 2100. For future perspectives, we would suggest developing long-term in situ observation networks of C stocks and fluxes with improved temporal and spatial coverage, and exploring the mechanisms underlying the response of ecosystem C cycle to permafrost thaw. In addition, it is essential to improve the projection of permafrost C dynamics through in-depth model-data fusion on the Tibetan Plateau.

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气候变化下中国油茶毒蛾潜在分布区模拟预测

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北京林业大学学报 2024年第6期46卷 93-105页

作者：杨柳刘君昂周国英何苑皞段翔周洁尘中南林业科技大学林学院湖南长沙410004 湘潭市林业科学研究所湖南湘潭411206

【目的】油茶是国家重点发展的木本油料作物,具有较高的经济价值和生态价值。油茶毒蛾是油茶的主要病虫害之一,严重制约了油茶的产量和质量。本研究针对油茶毒蛾的潜在分布开展模拟预测,以期为油茶毒蛾的预警和具体防控行动提供科学依... 详细信息

【目的】油茶是国家重点发展的木本油料作物,具有较高的经济价值和生态价值。油茶毒蛾是油茶的主要病虫害之一,严重制约了油茶的产量和质量。本研究针对油茶毒蛾的潜在分布开展模拟预测,以期为油茶毒蛾的预警和具体防控行动提供科学依据。【方法】基于油茶毒蛾在中国的有效地理分布数据和生物气候数据,利用MaxEnt生态位模型和ArcGIS软件,模拟预测油茶毒蛾在当前气候条件的潜在分布,以及SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5 3种气候情景下2050年和2070年油茶毒蛾在中国潜在适生区分布范围,并分析了制约其适生区分布的主导环境因子。【结果】(1)影响油茶毒蛾适生区分布的主导环境因子为最干月降水量、年降水量、最冷月最低温度和温度日较差月均值。当最干月降水量28~148 mm、年降水量1 290~2 080 mm、最冷月最低温度1.0~10.1℃、温度日较差月均值7.2~8.5℃时最适宜油茶毒蛾的生存。(2)当前气候条件下,油茶毒蛾总适生区面积约占我国国土面积的20.0%,主要分布在我国南方的长江中下游地区和华南地区,高度适生区面积为64.2×10^(4) km^(2),中度适生区面积为61.8×10^(4) km^(2),低度适生区面积为66.0×10^(4) km^(2)。(3)在未来两个时期和3种气候情景下,油茶毒蛾适生区面积出现不同程度的扩大,新增适生区面积在9.3×10^(4)~33.0×10^(4) km^(2)之间,地理分布中心迁移距离在24.4~125.1 km之间。气候变暖越明显,油茶毒蛾的潜在分布区面积增加越多,地理分布中心点的迁移距离越远。【结论】油茶毒蛾在中国的适生区范围较广,几乎囊括了中国南部所有的省份。在未来气候情景下,油茶毒蛾的适生区将向北、向西等高纬度的内陆地区扩张。为此,建议相关部门应提前制定预案和政策,加强对油茶毒蛾的观测和防控,减少其对油茶产业造成的损失。

关键词：油茶油茶毒蛾 MaxEnt模型环境因子适生区

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青藏高原高寒草甸微地形对土壤胞外酶活性及生态化学计量比的影响

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应用与环境生物学报 2024年第2期30卷 212-219页

作者：李欣蔚肖元明李春丽高永恒周国英青海大学生态环境工程学院西宁810016 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室西宁810016 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所西宁810008 中国科学院藏药研究重点实验室西宁810008 中国科学院成都生物研究所成都610213

高寒草甸的生态化学计量特征是当前生态学研究的热点问题之一.以青藏高原高寒草甸为研究对象,测定3种微地形(阴坡、阳坡和沟底)的土壤养分含量以及与碳、氮、磷循环相关的酶活性;同时,调查植物群落特征、土壤pH和含水量(SWC),计算植物... 详细信息

高寒草甸的生态化学计量特征是当前生态学研究的热点问题之一.以青藏高原高寒草甸为研究对象,测定3种微地形(阴坡、阳坡和沟底)的土壤养分含量以及与碳、氮、磷循环相关的酶活性;同时,调查植物群落特征、土壤pH和含水量(SWC),计算植物物种多样性指数、土壤关键元素及相应胞外酶的生态化学计量比,探究小尺度高寒草甸上微地形对土壤关键元素、胞外酶活性及相应生态化学计量比的影响因素.结果表明:(1)不同微地形条件下,植物群落组成和多样性差异极显著,阳坡植物多样性最高,阴坡最低(P<0.001).(2)在测定的所有指标中,土壤pH和酸性磷酸酶(AP)在阴坡最高,阳坡的土壤总磷(TP)含量最高,其余指标无显著变化.(3)微地形造成的植物多样性的改变是影响土壤C:N的重要原因,物种多样性与土壤C:N存在极显著的负相关性(P<0.01).(4)地下生物量与土壤C:N具有显著的正相关关系(P<0.05),说明生物量差异是主导土壤C:N变化的关键因素之一.(5)植被因素、土壤pH和土壤TP含量共同调控土壤关键元素和相应胞外酶的生态化学计量在微地形中的变化.本研究表明微地形导致的植物群落特征和土壤理化性质的差异对胞外酶活性及生态化学计量比变化具有重要影响,结果可为厘清未来气候变化背景下青藏高原高寒草甸关键元素循环过程提供重要的理论支持.(图4表5参50)

关键词：土壤酶活生态化学计量微地形高寒草甸物种多样性

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Effect of Loss-of-function of the Herpes Simplex Virus-1 microRNA H6-5p on Virus Replication

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第4期34卷 386-396页

作者： Rongquan Huang Xusha zhou Shuqi Ren Xianjie Liu Zhiyuan Han Grace guoying zhou School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 511436China Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research Shenzhen 518116China

To date, 29 distinct microRNAs(miRNAs) have been reported to be expressed during herpes simplex virus *** analysis of mature herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1) miRNAs revealed five sets of miRNAs that are complementary to each other: miR-H6-5p/H1-3p, miR-H6-3p/H1-5p, H2-5p/H14-3p, miR-H2-3p/H14-5p, and miR-H7/***, the roles of individual miRNAs and consequences of this complementarity remain unclear. Here, we focus on two of these complementary miRNAs, miR-H6-5p and miR-H1-3p, using loss-of-function experiments in vitro and in a mouse model of infection using an miRNA sponge approach, including tandem multiplex artificial miRNA-binding sequences that do not match perfectly to the target miRNA inserted downstream of a green fluorescent protein reporter gene. Infection with recombinant virus expressing the miR-H6-5p sponge reduced viral protein levels and virus *** accumulation of viral proteins was also observed at early stages of infection in the presence of both an miR-H6-5p inhibitor and plasmid-expressed miR-H1-3p. Moreover, establishment of latency and reactivation did not differ between the recombinant virus expressing the miR-H6-5p sponge and wild-type HSV-1. Taken together, these data suggest that miR-H6-5p has an as-yet-unidentified role in the early stages of viral infection, and its complement miR-H1-3p suppresses this role in later stages of infection. This report extends understanding of the roles of miRNAs in infection by herpes simplex viruses, supporting a model of infection in which the production of virus and its virulent effects are tightly controlled to maximize persistence in the host and population.

关键词： miR-H6-5p miR-H1-3p Sponge Replication Herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1)

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Foreign gene transfer into Chinese shrimps (Penaeus chinensis) with gene gun

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第9期46卷 766-770,794页

作者： LIU Zhiyi XIANG Jianhai zhou guoying GONG Zuxun Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Plasmids pG DNA-RZ1 with a GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter gene and a ribozyme gene incising penaeid white spot baculovirus (WSBV) were first introduced into the fertilized eggs of Chinese shrimps by gene gun. The treated and control samples of different development stages were observed with a fluorescent microscope. The transient expression of GFP gene was high in nauplius and zoea larvae. Results from RT-PCR and PCR for adults showed that the foreign genes had been transferred into the shrimps and had expressed the corresponding proteins. This work has established a transgenic method for penaeid shrimps, which will set base for the application of genetic engineering breeding into industry.

关键词： gene gun GFP transgenic shrimps.

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Termination of Transcription of LAT Increases the Amounts of ICP0 mRNA but Does Not Alter the Course of HSV-1 Infection in Latently Infected Murine Ganglia

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第2期36卷 264-272页

作者： Haifang Jiang Jiaming Wu Xianjie Liu Ruitao Lu Manling zhou Meiling Chen Yonghong Liu Grace guoying zhou Wenmin Fu School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 511436China Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research Shenzhen 518116China

On entering sensory ganglia,herpes simplex viruses 1(HSV-1)establishes a latent infection with the synthesis of a latency associated transcript(LAT)or initiates productive infection with expression of a set of immediate early viral *** precise mechanisms how expression of a genes is suppressed during the latency are *** mechanism that has been proposed is illustrated in the case of ICP0,a key immediate early viral regulatory ***,the 2 kb LAT intron is complementary to the 30 terminal portion of ICP0 m *** test the hypothesis that accumulation of LAT negatively affects the accumulation of ICP0 m RNA,we inserted a DNA fragment encoding two poly(A)sequences into LAT to early terminate LAT transcript without interrupting the complementary sequence of ICP0 transcript(named as SR1603).Comparisons of the parent(SR1601)and mutant(SR1603)HSV-1 viruses showed the following:Neurons harboring latent SR1603 virus accumulated equivalent amounts of viral DNA but higher amounts of ICP0 m RNA and lower amounts of LAT,when compared to neurons harboring the SR1601 *** notable difference between the two viruses is that viral RNA accumulation in explanted ganglia harboring SR1603 virus initiated significantly sooner than that in neurons harboring SR1601 virus,suggesting that ICP0 may act as an activator of viral gene expression in permissive ***,these data suggest that increased ICP0 m RNA by suppressed LAT did not affect the establishment of latency in latently infected murine ganglia.

关键词： Herpes simplex viruses 1(HSV-1) Latency associated transcript(LAT) ICP0 Latency

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Design of high-temperature superconductors at moderate pressures by alloying AlH3 or GaH3

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 94-103页

作者： Xiaowei Liang Xudong Wei Eva Zurek Aitor Bergara Peifang Li guoying Gao Yongjun Tian Center for High Pressure Science(CHiPS) State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and TechnologyYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Department of Chemistry State University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNew York 14260-3000USA Physics Department and EHU Quantum Center University of the Basque CountryUPV/EHU48080 BilbaoSpain Donostia International Physics Center(DIPC) 20018 DonostiaSpain Centro de Física de Materiales CFM Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU20018 DonostiaSpain Extreme Conditions Physics Research Team College of Physics and Electronic InformationInner Mongolia Minzu UniversityTongliao 028043China

Since the discovery of hydride superconductors,a significant challenge has been to reduce the pressure required for their *** this context,we propose that alloying could be an effective strategy to achieve *** focus on a series of alloyed hydrides with the AMH_(6)composition,which can be made via alloying A15 AH_(3)(A=Al or Ga)with M(M=a group IIIB or IVB metal),and study their behavior under *** of them are predicted to maintain the A15-type structure,similar to AH_(3)under pressure,providing a platform for studying the effects of alloying on the stability and superconductivity of AH_(3).Among these,the A15-type phases of AlZrH_(6)and AlHfH_(6)are found to be thermodynamically stable in the pressure ranges of 40–150 and 30–181 GPa,***,they remain dynamically stable at even lower pressures,as low as 13 GPa for AlZrH_(6)and 6 GPa for AlHfH_(6).These pressures are significantly lower than that required for stabilizing A15 ***,the introduction of Zr or Hf increases the electronic density of states at the Fermi level compared with *** enhancement leads to higher critical temperatures(Tc)of 75 and 76 K for AlZrH_(6)and AlHfH_(6)at 20 and 10 GPa,*** the case of GaMH_(6)alloys,where M represents Sc,Ti,Zr,or Hf,these metals reinforce the stability of the A15-type structure and reduce the lowest thermodynamically stable pressure for GaH_(3) from 160 GPa to 116,95,80,and 85 GPa,*** noteworthy are the A15-type GaMH_(6)alloys,which remain dynamically stable at low pressures of 97,28,5,and 6 GPa,simultaneously exhibiting high Tc of 88,39,70,and 49 K at 100,35,10,and 10 GPa,***,these findings enrich the family of A15-type superconductors and provide insights for the future exploration of high-temperature hydride superconductors that can be stabilized at lower pressures.

关键词： alloying alloys superconductors

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Multi-functional epoxides cross-linked collagen sponges for tissue engineering scaffolds

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Collagen and Leather 2024年第1期5卷 127-140页

作者： Yuanzhi Zhang Changkai Yang Min Gu Xiaoxia Zhang Xueqing Zhang guoying Li National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering(Sichuan University) Ministry of EducationChengdu 610065People's Republic of China Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research 55128 MainzGermany

With the efficient cross-linking abilities and the flexible regulation abilities to the performances of cross-linked products,the multi-functional aliphatic epoxides were once widely used to cross-link the collagen-based materials in the last *** present work,the multi-functional epoxides were used to construct and cross-link collagen sponges for tissue engineering scaffolds,which was hoped to board the theoretical system of epoxides and explore their potentials for modern *** bi-to tetra-functional epoxides were used to cross-link collagen solutions and establish the gel-like precursors,then using freeze-drying to form the final *** SEM observed that the sponges had shown regular porous structures with a wide range of pore sizes from 160 to 440μ*** sponges had presented the resistance to enzymatic degradation,shape-remaining ability,and reversible compressibility in aqueous environments,which all could be regulated through the functionalities of *** regulation abilities of multi-functional epoxides on the performances of sponges had been mainly achieved through the cross-linking degrees that the higherfunctionality of epoxides would bring higher cross-linking *** higher cross-linking degrees could enhance the elastic behaviors of gel-like precursors,and improve the compressive strengths and thermal stabilities of ***,the multi-functional epoxides had barely affected the safety of collagen sponges at the cellular level according to the results of CCK8 assay and the SEM and CLSM images of L929 fibroblasts cultured on the cross-sections of sponges.

关键词： Multi-functional epoxides Collagen sponges Tunable porous structures Reversible compressibility

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Molecular Epidemiological Study of a Human Brucellosis Outbreak—Weihai City,Shandong Province,China,2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第12期6卷 230-234页

作者： Yan Li Yifan Yu Jian Zhao Shujun Ding guoying Zhang Xiaolin Yu Zengqiang Kou Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jinan CityShandong ProvinceChina Shandong First Medical University Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan CityShandong ProvinceChina Weihai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Weihai CityShandong ProvinceChina

What is already known about this topic?Brucellosis,mainly caused by Brucella melitensis(***),is regarded as a significant zoonotic disease in *** Weihai,located at the eastern end of the Shandong Peninsula,brucellosis has been in a low epidemic phase for the past five *** is added by this report?This was the initial report of a brucellosis outbreak in the last five *** of *** bv.3 from Weihai and other cities showed a close genetic relationship,suggesting a potential common *** are the implications for public health practice?Epidemiological investigations depend on standardized and effective molecular typing methods and analysis tools for public health laboratories to identify and trace *** the circulation patterns of livestock in free-range households in heavily affected areas is essential for controlling the spread of brucellosis.

关键词： Shandong China. break

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促白木香结香真菌的快速筛选

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菌物学报 2022年第10期41卷 1558-1571页

作者：刘闯周国英刘君昂中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院南方人工林病虫害防控国家林业局重点实验室森林有害生物防控湖南省重点实验室经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室湖南长沙410004

以海南省澄迈县海南科大林业公司所有的白木香人工林地为研究对象,采用前期已分离的菌株对白木香白木进行固体催化,利用GC-MS技术对具有催化效果(白木化学成分在催化前后变化显著)的菌株进行筛选,将筛选出的菌株接种至白木香树体中,6个... 详细信息

以海南省澄迈县海南科大林业公司所有的白木香人工林地为研究对象,采用前期已分离的菌株对白木香白木进行固体催化,利用GC-MS技术对具有催化效果(白木化学成分在催化前后变化显著)的菌株进行筛选,将筛选出的菌株接种至白木香树体中,6个月后对沉香物质挥发油以及化学成分进行测定。对白木固体催化产物的提取物分析,鉴定出其乙醚提取物共24种化学成分,其中共有成分5种、芳香族类化合物6种、其他类化合物18种。Trichoderma sp.、Neurospora sp.和Melanotus flavolivens这3种菌株使白木香白木的化学成分发生显著变化。对结香处理6个月后已结香木材的提取物分析,鉴定出其乙醚提取物共84种化学成分,其中共有成分30种,芳香族类化合物17种、倍半萜类化合物34种和其他类化合物33种。Trichoderma sp.、Neurospora sp.、Melanotus flavolivens和CK样品乙醚提取物得率分别为3.62%、4.04%、3.97%和1.94%。其中芳香族类成分相对含量之和分别为15.15%、17.29%、12.13%和7.95%。倍半萜类成分相对含量之和分别为10.61%、11.19%、11.4%和0%。在6个月内Trichoderma sp.、Neurospora sp.和Melanotus flavolivens这3种经过白木香白木固体催化筛选所得的菌株能够有效诱导白木香结香。

关键词：白木香结香方法促结香真菌 GC-MS

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