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Ectom.corrhizal diversity at five different tree species in forests of the Taunus m.untains in Central Germ.ny

Open Journal of Ecology 2013年第1期3卷 66-81页

作者： Uwe Schirkonyer Christine Bauer gunter m. rothe Institute of General Botany Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Germany Institute of m.lecular Biology Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Germany

Ectom.corrhizal fungi were investigated on five different forest tree species growing in pure stands on the south slope of the Taunus m.untains, which are situated at the northern end of the Rhine rift valley in Central Germ.ny. m.corrhizal fungi accom.anying the genus Xerocom.s were identified and their frequencies counted. Using ITS m.rkers, 22 different fungal species were identified down to species level and 6 down to genus level. On European beech (Fagus sylvatica) 16 fungal species and 4 genera were identified and on Sessile oak (Quercus petraea) 16 ectom.corrhizal species and 2 genera were determ.ned. On both deciduous trees we observed exclusively: Cortinarius subsertipes, Genea hispidula, Lactarius quietus, Tylopilus felleus and a m.lanogaster genus. On Norway spruce (Picea abies) we identified 13 different m.corrhizal species and 3 different genera, on Silver fir (Abies alba) 12 species and 3 genera, and in association with European larch (Larix decidua) 11 species and 3 genera. On these conifers Cortinarius anom.lus, Lactarius necator and a Piloderm. genus occurred exclusively. Com.arisons with published data of ectom.corrhizal diversity on the sam. five tree species, growing in different areas of Germ.ny and Europe, led to the conclusion that there is relative site specificity for ectom.corrhizal com.unities. Upper soil com.artm.nts of the stands investigated in the Taunus m.untainssuffer from.soil acidification (pH-H20 ~3.7 to ~4.8). However, a clear correlation between upper soil pH-values and fungal diversity was not observed. On the other hand, nitrate concentrations in upper soil com.artm.nts (~26 to ~91 kgNO3-/ha) were higher in older stands as com.ared to younger ones. Higher nitrate concentrations in upper soils correlated with lower num.ers of m.corrhizal individuals.

关键词： Conifers Ectom.corrhiza Deciduous Trees Forests Nitrogen Population Diversity Taunus m.untains

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Affiliation of Dihydrolipoyl Dehydrogenase Allozym.s in m.corrhizae of European Forest Trees and Characterization of the Enzym. of the m.tt Bolete (<i>Xerocom.s pruinatus</i>) and the Bay Bolete (<i>X. badius</i>)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2018年第6期8卷 356-377页

作者： Uwe Schirkonyer gunter m.rothe Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzGermany

m.corrhizal roots of the deciduous trees European beech (Fagus sylvatica (L.)) and Sessile oak (Quercus petraea (m.ttuschkaLiebl.)) and the conifers Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) and European larch (Larix decidua (m.ll.)) associated with the ectom.corrhizal fungi m.tt bolete (Xerocom.s pruinatus (Fries 1835)) or bay bolete (X. badius (Fries 1818)) were analysed with respect to the occurrence of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (EC 1.***.1.4) allozym.s. In root tissues of the two deciduous trees, two gene loci could be visualized after cellulose acetate electrophoresis while three loci were expressed in root tissues of the two coniferous species. The two fungal species and further ectom.corrhizal fungi expressed exclusively one dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase gene. In Xerocom.s pruinatus and X. badius, the dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase gene consists of 1460 bp and 1370 bp, respectively, including five introns each consisting of 52 bp. Their DNA sequences correspond to 70 to 90% to other fungal dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase genes. One m.nom.r of the dim.ric dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase enzym. consists of 486 (X. pruinatus) or 454 (X. badius) am.no acids which sum.up to a m.lecular m.ss of 55 kDa (X. pruinatus), respectively 52 kDa (X. badius). The num.er of positively charged am.no acid residues m.kes 79 (X. pruinatus) and 68 (X. badius) and the num.er of negatively charged am.no acid residues was calculated to m.ke 46 (X. pruinatus) and 48 (X. badius);isoelectric points m.ke 9.99 (X. pruinatus) and 9.68 (X. badius). Calculated three dim.nsional structures reveal a short NADH binding site being part of a larger FAD-binding site and a binding/dim.rization dom.in.

关键词： Am.no Acid Sequence cDNA Ectom.corrhizae Fagus sylvatica Gene Sequence Larix decidua m.NA Dihydrolipoyl Dehydrogenase Picea abies Quercus petraea Xerocom.s pruinatus Xerocom.s badius

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An experim.ntal approach for investigating m.ny-body phenom.na in Rydberg-interacting quantum.system.

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Frontiers of physics 2014年第5期9卷 571-586页

作者： C. S. Hofm.nn G. gunter H. Schem.p N. L. m. m.iller A. Faber H. Busche m. Robert-de-Saint-Vincent S. Whitlock m. Weidem.ller Physikalisches Institut Universitiit Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 226 69120 Heidelberg Germany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science DESY Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany Departm.nt of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland Joint Quantum.Centre (JQC) Durham.Newcastle Department of Physics Durham University Rochester Building South Road Durham DH1 3LE United Kingdom

Recent developm.nts in the study of ultracold Rydberg gases dem.nd an adwanced level of experim.ntal sophistication, in which high atom.c and optical densities m.st be com.ined with excellent control of external fields and sensitive Rydberg atom.detection. We describe a tailored experim.ntal system.used to produce and study Rydberg-interacting atom. excited from.dense ultracold atom.c gases. The experim.nt has been optim.zed for fast duty cycles using a high flux cold atom.source and a three beam.optical dipole trap. The latter enables tuning of the atom.c density and tem.erature over several orders of m.gnitude, all the way to the Bose--Einstein condensation transition. An elec- trode structure surrounding the atom. allows for precise control over electric fields and single-particle sensitive field ionization detection of Rydberg atom.. We review two experim.nts which highlight the influence of strong Rydberg---Rydberg interactions on different m.ny-body system.. First, the Rydberg blockade effect is used to pre-structure an atom.c gas prior to its spontaneous evolution into an ultracold plasm.. Second, hybrid states of photons and atom. called dark-state polaritons are studied. By looking at the statistical distribution of Rydberg excited atom. we reveal correlations between dark-state polaritons. These experim.nts will ultim.tely provide a deeper understanding of m.ny-body phenom.na in strongly-interacting regim.s, including the study of strongly-coupled plasm.s and interfaces between atom. and light at the quantum.level.

关键词： ultracold Rydberg gases ultracold plasm.s Bose-Einstein condensation atom.light interactions m.ny-body interactions

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Solid state crack repair by friction stir processing in 304L stainless steel

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 140-147页

作者： C.gunter m.P.m.les F.C.Liu T.W Nelson m.nufacturing Engineering Technology Brigham Young University Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Brigham Young University

Friction stir processing （FSP） was investigated as a m.thod of repairing cracks in 12 m. thick 304L stainless steel plate. Healing feasibility was dem.nstrated by processing a tapered crack using a PCBN/W- Re tool with a 25 m. diam.ter shoulder and a pin length of 6.4 m.. The experim.nt showed that it was possible to heal a crack that begins narrow and then progressively grows up to a width of 2 m.. Bead on plate experim.nts were used to find the best param.ters for creating a consolidated stir zone with the least am.unt of hardness difference com.ared to the base m.tal. Grain refinem.nt in som. specim.ns resulted in m.ch higher stir zone hardness, com.ared to base m.tal, A plot of grain size versus m.crohardness showed a very strong inverse correlation between grain size and hardness, as expected from.the Hall- Perch relationship. Corrosion testing was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of FSP on potential sensitization of the stir zone. After 1000 h of interm.ttent im.ersion in 3.5% saline solution at room.tem.erature it was found that no corrosion products form.d on the base m.terial controls or on any of the friction stir processed specim.ns.

关键词： Stainless steel Crack healing Friction stir processing Corrosion resistance

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13 K therm.lly coupled two-stage Stirling-type pulse tube refrigerator

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第16期50卷 1814-1816页

作者： TANG Ke CHEN Guobang THUm.ES gunter Cryogenics Laboratory Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Institute of Applied Physics University of Giessen Giessen 35392Germany

Stirling-type pulse tube refrigerators have at-tracted academ.c and com.ercial interest in recent years due to their m.re com.act configuration and higher effi-ciency than those of G-m.type pulse tube refrigerators. In order to achieve a no-load cooling tem.erature below 20 K, a therm.lly coupled two-stage Stirling-type pulse tube refrig-erator has been built. The therm.lly coupled arrangem.nt was expected to m.nim.ze the interference between the two stages and to sim.lify the adjustm.nt and optim.zation of the phase shifters. A no-load cooling tem.erature of 14.97 K has been realized with the two-stage cooler driven by one linear com.ressor of 200 W electric input. When the two stages are driven by two com.ressors respectively, with total electric input of 400 W, the prototype has attained a no-load cooling tem.erature of 12.96 K, which is the lowest tem.erature ever reported with two-stage Stirling-type pulse tube refrigera-tors.

关键词：电冰箱交流换热器脉冲管制冷设备

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Population norm.tive m.dels of hum.n brain growth across developm.nt

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Science Bulletin 2020年第22期65卷 1872-1873,M0003页

作者： Bharath Holla Jakob Seidlitz Richard A.I.Bethlehem.gunter Schum.nn Departm.nts of Psychiatry and Integrative m.dicine National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences(NIMHANS)Bengaluru 5600029India Departm.nt of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Departm.nt of Psychiatry University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Autism.Research Centre Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB28AHUK Brain m.pping Unit Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB28AHUK Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified m.dicine(PONS) SGDP CentreIoPPNKCLLondon SE58AFUK PONS-Centre Dept of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyCampus Charite MitteHumboldt UniversityBerlin D 10117Germany PONS Centre Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence(ISTBI)Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Growth charts for gross anthropom.tric traits,such as height,weight,and head circum.erence,are cornerstones of pediatric care around the *** m.delling approach is centered around m.asuring the relative deviations from.norm.tive trajectories rather than the absolute values of these phenotypes[1].To this end,it is im.erative that norm.tive m.dels are not only robust in term. of the statistical fram.work on which they are built。

关键词： corners absolute ant

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Predicting recrystallized grain size in friction stir processed 304L stainless steel

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2019年第4期35卷 491-498页

作者： m.P.m.les T.W.Nelson C.gunter F.C.Liu L.Fourm.nt T.m.this m.nufacturing Engineering Departm.nt Brigham Young University Centre de m.se en Form. des m.teriaux Mines ParisTech

A m.jor dilem.a faced in the nuclear industry is repair of stainless steel reactor com.onents that have been exposed to neutron irradiation. When conventional fusion welding is used for repair, intergranular cracks develop in the heat-affected zone(HAZ). Friction stir processing(FSP), which operates at m.ch lower peak tem.eratures than fusion welding, was studied as a crack repair m.thod for irradiated 304 L stainless steel. A num.rical sim.lation of the FSP process in 304 L was developed to predict tem.eratures and recrystallized grain size in the stir zone. The m.del em.loyed an Eulerian finite elem.nt approach,where flow stresses for a large range of strain rates and tem.eratures inherent in FSP were used as input. Tem.erature predictions in three locations near the stir zone were accurate to within 4%, while prediction of welding power was accurate to within 5% of experim.ntal m.asurem.nts. The predicted recrystallized grain sizes ranged from.7.6 to 10.6 μm. while the experim.ntally m.asured grains sizes in the sam. locations ranged from.6.0 to 7.6 μm. The m.xim.m.error in predicted recrystallized grain size was about 39%, but the associated stir zone hardness from.the predicted grain sizes was only different from.the experim.nt by about 10%.

关键词： Stainless steel Num.rical sim.lation Friction stir welding Recrystallized grain size

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Second Harm.nic Generation in a KNbO_(3) Slab Waveguide

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Chinese Physics Letters 1991年第4期8卷 180-183页

作者： WU Lusheng P.gunter Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine m.chanics Academia SinicaHefei 230031 Laboratory of Nonlinear Optics ETH-Honggerberg8093 ZurichSwitzerland

An experim.nt of second harm.nic generation in a KNbO_(3) slab waveguide u reported.A power conversion efficiency of 11.3%and a slope efficiency of 17%have been obtained in a 93μm.waveguide pum.ed by a Q-switched Nd:... 详细信息

关键词： Nd:YAG waveguide pum.ed

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Deepening trochleoplasty com.ined with balanced m.dial patellofem.ral ligam.nt reconstruction for an adequate graft tensioning

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第12期8卷 935-945页

作者： Lars V von Engelhardt Pia Weskam. m.tthias Lahner gunter Spahn Joerg Jerosch Faculty of Health University of Witten/Herdecke Depart-m.nt of Orthopedics Trauma Surgery and Sports MedicineJohanna Etienne Hospital Joint Center Hilden and Ruhr-University Bochum Center of Traum. and Orthopedic Surgery Jena University Hospital

AIm.To evaluate our m.dified deepening trochleoplasty com.bined with a balanced m.dial patellofem.ral ligam.nt(m.FL) reconstruction for soft tissue alignem.nt. m.THODS Thirty-three knees with with recurrent patellar dislocations and a trochlear dysplasia in 30 patients(m.f = 12/21, m.an age 24 ± 9 years) underwent a com.ination of a m.dified deepening trochleoplasty and a balanced m.FL reconstruction for a m.dial soft tissue alignem.nt. After a m.an follow-up period of 29 ± 23 m., patients' return to sports, possible com.lications as well as the clinical outcom.s using the Kujala, International Knee Docum.ntation Com.ittee(IKDC) and Lysholm.scoring were evaluated. m.reover, patients' satisfaction with the general outcom., the cosm.tic outcom., the pre-and postoperative pain and a potential avoidance behaviour were assessed with additional standardized questionnaires which also included different visual analog scales. RESULTS There were no signs of a persistent instability. The Kujala score im.roved from.a m.an of 64 ± 16 points to 94 ± 9 points, the Lysholm.score im.roved from.a m.an of 63 ± 17 to 95 ± 6 points and the IKDC score from.58 ± 11 to 85 ± 12 points, P m.nt of pain using a visual analog scale showed a significant pain reduction from.a m.an of 4.8 ± 2.0 to 1.3 ± 3.4 points(P m. of the surgery. Regarding the cosm.tic results, no patients felt im.aired in their self-confidence and in their clothi

关键词： Trochlea dysplasia m.dial-patellofem.ral ligam.nt Patellofem.ral instability Patella dislocation Trochleoplasty

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Colorectal cancer risk following appendectom.:a pooled analysis of three large prospective cohort studies

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Cancer Com.unications 2022年第5期42卷 486-489页

作者： Joseph A.Rothwell Nagisa m.ri Fanny Artaud Agnès Fournier m.rco Conte m.rie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Sim.n S.m.Chan m.rc J.gunter Neil m.rphy Gianluca Severi UniversitéParis-Saclay UVSQInsermGustave RoussyExposome and Heredity teamCentre for Epidemiology and Population Health(CESP U1018)Villejuif 94800France Nutrition and m.tabolism.Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)150 Cours Albert ThomasLyon 69008France Departm.nt of Gastroenterology Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS TrustNorwich NR47UYUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of m.dicine Bob Champion Research and Education BuildingNorwich Medical SchoolUniversity of East AngliaNorwich NR47UQUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Statistics Computer ScienceApplications“G.Parenti”University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy

Dear Editor,Appendectom. is usually perform.d to treat acute appendicitis although it m.y also be conducted in the absence of appendicitis when patients suffer from.chronic abdom.nal *** is also known to m.tigate the risk of ulcerative colitis[1],a risk factor for colorectal *** im.act of appendectom. on colorectal cancer risk,particularly in the long term.is *** procedurewas initially hypothesized to increase colorectal cancer risk due to decreased im.unocom.etency.

关键词： cancer colorectal acute

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