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Low serum neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody levels in mildly affected COVID-19 convalescent patients revealed by two different detection methods

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 936-944页

作者： Berislav Bosnjak Saskia Catherina Stein Stefanie Willenzon Anne Katrin Cordes Wolfram Puppe gunter bernhardt Inga Ravens Christiane Ritter Christian R.Schultze-Florey Nina Godecke Jorg Martens Hannah Kleine-Weber Markus Hoffmann Anne Cossmann Mustafa Yilmaz Isabelle Pink Marius M.Hoeper Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pohlm ann Rainer Blasczyk Thomas F.Schulz Reinhold Forster Institute of Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany lnstitute of Virology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Department of Hematology HemostasisOncology and Stem Cell TransplantationHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research GottingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology University GottingenGottingenGermany Department of Rheum atology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Public Health Department HannoverGermany Department of Pneumology and German Centre of Lung Research(DZL) Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site Hannover-BraunschweigHannoverGermany Cluster of Excellence RESIST(EXC 2155) Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

Neutralizing antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain(RBD)of the SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)block severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)entry into cells via surface-expressed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2).We used a surrogate virus neutralization test(sVNT)and SARS-CoV-2 S protein-pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV)vector-based neutralization assay(pVNT)to assess the degree to which serum antibodies from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)convalescent patients interfere with the binding of SARS-CoV-2 S to ACE2.Both tests revealed neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies in the sera of ~90% of mildly and 100% of severely affected COVID-19 convalescent patients.Importantly,sVNT and pVNT results correlated strongly with each other and to the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG and IgA antibodies.Moreover,levels of neutralizing antibodies correlated with the duration and severity of clinical symptoms but not with patient age.Compared to pVNT,sVNT is less sophisticated and does not require any biosafety labs.Since this assay is also much faster and cheaper,sVNT will not only be important for evaluating the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in a population but also for identifying promising plasma donors for successful passive antibody therapy.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing antibody Serum ELISA

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A novel saliva-based miRNA profile to diagnose and predict oral cancer

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 97-109页

作者： Jaikrishna Balakittnen Chameera Ekanayake Weeramange Daniel F.Wallace Pascal H.G.Duijf Alexandre S.Cristino gunter Hartel Roberto A.Barrero Touraj Taheri Liz Kenny Sarju Vasani Martin Batstone Omar Breik Chamindie Punyadeera Saliva&Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Menzies Health Institute Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLDAustralia School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Cancer Biology Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South Australia&SA PathologyAdelaideSAAustralia Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Genetics Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery Griffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Statistics UnitBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Nursing Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia eResearch Research InfrastructureAcademic DivisionQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Anatomical Pathology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Cancer Care ServicesHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Otolaryngology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia

Oral cancer (OC) is the most common form of head and neck cancer. Despite the high incidence and unfavourable patient outcomes, currently, there are no biomarkers for the early detection of OC. This study aims to discover, develop, and validate a novel saliva-based microRNA signature for early diagnosis and prediction of OC risk in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD).The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) miRNA sequencing data and small RNA sequencing data of saliva samples were used to discover differentially expressed miRNAs. Identified miRNAs were validated in saliva samples of OC (n=50), OPMD (n=52), and controls(n=60) using quantitative real-time PCR. Eight differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-215-5p,miR-431-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3614-5p, and miR-4707-3p) were identified in the discovery phase and were validated. The efficiency of our eight-miRNA signature to discriminate OC and controls was:area under curve (AUC):0.954, sensitivity:86%, specificity:90%,positive predictive value (PPV):87.8%and negative predictive value (NPV):88.5%whereas between OC and OPMD was:AUC:0.911,sensitivity:90%, specificity:82.7%, PPV:74.2%and NPV:89.6%. We have developed a risk probability score to predict the presence or risk of OC in OPMD patients. We established a salivary miRNA signature that can aid in diagnosing and predicting OC,revolutionising the management of patients with OPMD. Together, our results shed new light on the management of OC by salivary miRNAs to the clinical utility of using miRNAs derived from saliva samples.

关键词： specificity salivary diagnosis

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Take-over:multiple mechanisms of inter-adipocyte communication

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2011年第2期3卷 81-90页

作者： gunter Muller Department Biology I Genetics MartinsriedBiocenterLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunichGermany

Adipose tissue mass in mammals is thought to expand with an increase in both volume and total number of the adipocytes.Recent findings suggest that in normal-weight as well as obese individuals,the adipocyte number is set during adolescence prior to adulthood,whereas the subsequent increase in size predominantly drives obesity.The simultaneous existence of large and small adipocytes and their unsynchronized growth,even within the same adipose tissue depot,argues against simple filling-up of emerging adipocytes with lipids and lipid droplets(LDs).Consequently,it is tempting to speculate about signals sent by large adipocytes to order small adipocytes the take-over of the burden of lipid loading.Currently there is experimental evidence for three distinct types of inter-adipocyte signals,i.***.cell-to-cell contacts,adipokines,and other soluble factors and microvesicles.Very recently,microvesicles have been shown(i)to harbour the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored(c)AMP-degrading phosphodiesterase Gce1 and 5′-nucleotidase CD73,(ii)to be released from large adipocytes,(iii)to interact with small adipocytes,and(iv)to transfer Gce1 and CD73 to plasma membranes and LDs of small adipocytes where they degrade(c)AMP.This sequence of events leads to the up-regulation of lipid storage in small adipocytes in response to the microvesicle-encoded‘take-over’signal from large adipocytes.A model is proposed for the maturation of small adipocytes driven by large ones along a gradient of those inter-adipocyte signals.Pharmacological modulation of inter-adipocyte communication and thereby adipocyte maturation may be useful for the therapy of metabolic diseases.

关键词： adipokines fat cells glycosylphosphatidylinositol lipid droplets lipid metabolism microvesicles obesity type 2 diabetes

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认知神经科学如何促进教育和群体心理健康

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Science Bulletin 2022年第15期67卷 1542-1543页

作者：贾天野 gunter Schumann Center for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine(PONS) Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired IntelligenceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China PONS-Center Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyCharitéCampus MitteCharitéUniversitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 10117Germany

Adolescence is one of the most critical periods for human brain development,as evidenced by neuronal maturation processes of synaptic pruning and synapse stabilization[1-3],which together improve the efficiency of information transfer in the brain.This development is coincidental with maturing in multiple cognitive and behavioral capabilities,such as better motor skills,abstract thinking,and complex semantic cognition.On the other hand,many psychiatric disorders,such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),conduct disorder,anxiety,and depression,also have their peak onset in adolescence[4].Therefore,it is vital to understand how the maturing process of the brain during adolescence could affect cognitive growth and psychopathology.

关键词：认知神经科学群体心理 pathology

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Predisposing factors for atrial fibrillation in the elderly

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第3期14卷 179-184页

作者： Kristina Wasmer Lars Eckardt gunter Breithardt Division of Electrophysiology Department of Cardiovascular Medicine University Hospital Miinster Germany

Atrial fibrillation (AF) in the elderly occurs as a consequence of cardiovascular aging and an age related increase of comorbidity. Several predisposing factors for AF have been identified for the overall AF population. Most of them, cardiovascular disease in particular, play a role in younger and older patients. The longer time period during which these risk factors can cause structural changes that ultimately lead to AF may, at least in part, explain the association between age and AF. In addition, less well defined age-related changes in cellular electrophysiologic properties and structure predispose to AF in the elderly.

关键词：诱发因素老年人颤动心房心血管疾病年龄相关结构变化生理学特性

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Creating the perfect plasmonic wave

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第9期11卷 1948-1949页

作者： Günter Steinmeyer Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy BerlinGermany Institute of Physics Humboldt UniversityBerlinGermany

Exploiting a plasmonic resonance,near-perfect grating structures have been reported,with a regularity that exceeds typical commercially available diffraction gratings.

关键词： perfect regularity plasmon

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miRNA studies in in vitro and in vivo activated hepatic stellate cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第22期17卷 2748-2773页

作者： gunter Maubach Michelle Chin Chia Lim Henry Yang Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology 31 Biopolis Way The Nanos #04-01 Singapore 138669 Singapore Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine Leipziger Strasse 44 Magdeburg 39120 Germany Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology 31 Biopolis Way The Nanos #04-01 Singapore 138669 Singapore Bioinformatics Lab Singapore Immunology Network 8A Biomedical Grove Singapore 138648 Singapore

AIM: To understand which and how different miRNAs are implicated in the process of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. METHODS: We used microarrays to examine the differential expression of miRNAs during in vitro activation of primary HSCs (pHSCs). The transcriptome changes upon stable transfection of rno-miR-146a into an HSC cell line were studied using cDNA microarrays. Selected differentially regulated miRNAs were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction during in vivo HSC activation. The effect of miRNA mimics and inhibitor on the in vitro activation of pHSCs was also evaluated.RESULTS: We found that 16 miRNAs were upregulated and 26 were downregulated significantly in 10-d in vitro activated pHSCs in comparison to quiescent pHSCs. Overexpression of rno-miR-146a was characterized by marked upregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3, which is implicated in the regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α activity. Differences in the regulation of selected miRNAs were observed comparing in vitro and in vivo HSC activation. Treatment with miR-26a and 29a mimics, and miR-214 inhibitor during in vitro activation of pHSCs induced significant downregulation of collagen type Ⅰ transcription. CONCLUSION: Our results emphasize the different regulation of miRNAs in in vitro and in vivo activated pHSCs. We also showed that miR-26a, 29a and 214 are involved in the regulation of collagen type I mRNA.

关键词： miRNA 肝星状细胞体外激活体内组织抑制剂 cDNA微阵列活化过程

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Lithostratigraphy,Sedimentology,and Provenance of the Balfour Formation(Beaufort Group) in the Fort Beaufort-Alice Area,Eastern Cape Province,South Africa

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第5期83卷 902-916页

作者： David KATEMAUNZANGA Cornelis Janse gunter Council for Geoscience PretoriaSouth Africa Geology Department University of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa

The Balfour Formation has a pronounced lithological variation that is characterized by alternating sandstone- and mudstone-dominated members. The sandstone-dominated Oudeberg and Barberskrans Members are composed of lithofacies that range from intraformationai conglomerates to fine-grained sediments, whereas the mudstone-dominated members （Daggaboersnek, Elandsberg, and Palingkloof） are dominated by the facies Fm and FI. Petrography, geochemistry, and a paleocurrent analysis indicated that the source rock of the Balfour Formation was to south east and the rocks had a transitional/dissected magmatic arc signature. The sandstones-rich members were deposited by seasonal and ephemeral high-energy, low-sinuous streams, and the fine-grained-rich members were formed by ephemeral meandering streams. The paleoclimates have been equated to present temperate climates; they were semiarid becoming arid towards the top of the Balfour Formation. This has been determined by reconstructing the paleolatitude of the Karoo Basin, geochemistry, paleontology, sedimentary structures, and other rock properties, like color.

关键词： Balfour Formation Karoo Supergroup Beaufort Group lithostratigraphy sedimentology provenance Permo-Triassic

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中国脑计划:从基础到临床

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Science Bulletin 2023年第5期68卷 444-447页

作者：刘晓星高腾陆唐胜鲍彦平 gunter Schumann 陆林 Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research UnitPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Public Health Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine(PONS) Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired IntelligenceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China PONS Centre Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyCampus Charite Mitte(CCM)Charite Universitaetsmedizin BerlinBerlin 10117Germany Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100081China

The complexity of the brain has attracted scientists from all over the world.Much effort has been paid to explore the mechanisms from genetics to molecules,from cells to circuits,and from Caenorhabditis elegans to humans.Brain research contributes to the development of new technologies,especially artificial intelligence(AI).According to the International Data Corporation,the global revenue of the AI market is expected to exceed$500 billion by 2023 and$900 billion by 2026,highlighting the great importance of brain research for social progress.

关键词： revenue intelligence artificial

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Can Exercise Actually "Boost" Your Metabolism?

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语数外学习(高中版中旬) 2023年第9期 84-85页

作者： Jen gunter

我们经常会听说运动可以通过加速或促进新陈代谢帮助我们减重。这是真的吗？我们可以通过锻炼来控制我们的新陈代谢吗？要回答这个问题，我们得先弄清楚什么是新陈代谢。毫无疑问，新陈代谢是非常复杂的，科学家和研究者仍在探索新陈代...

我们经常会听说运动可以通过加速或促进新陈代谢帮助我们减重。这是真的吗？我们可以通过锻炼来控制我们的新陈代谢吗？要回答这个问题，我们得先弄清楚什么是新陈代谢。毫无疑问，新陈代谢是非常复杂的，科学家和研究者仍在探索新陈代谢的新知识。简单来说，

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