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Woody plant taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean tropical montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temperate taxa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： guillermo bañares.de-dios.manuel j.macía Gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda julia Vega-álvarez Itziar Arnelas Carlos I.Espinosa Norma Salinas Luis Cayuela departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain departamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real jardín Botánico–CSIC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain departamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECI School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Global(IICG-URjC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are paramount for exploring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and climates encompassed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in Andean tropical montane forests and explored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 plots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less pronounced for higher Hill *** exception was a slight increase in phylogenetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering process towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude species and functional ***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare species disproportionately contribute to functional *** phylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than previously considered influence in central Andean highlands of tropical lowlands originated species with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temperate *** could be explained by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more prevalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the Tropical Lowlands Functional rarity Tropical Niche Conservatism

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Quality evaluation of Nothofagus pumilio seeds linked to forest management and climatic events

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 98-107页

作者： julian Rodríguez-Souilla jimena E.Chaves María Vanessa Lencinas juan manuel Cellini Fidel A.Roig Pablo L.Peri guillermo Martinez Pastur Laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET ) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Maderas (LIMAD) Universidad Nacional de la Plata (UNLP) Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IAN-IGLA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )

background Forest ecosystems undergo significant transformations due to harvesting and climate fluctuations, emphasizing the critical role of seeding in natural regeneration and long-term structural preservation. Climate change further amplifies these dynamics, affecting phenology across species and regions. In Tierra del Fuego(Argentina), Nothofagus pumilio(lenga) forests represent the most important timber resource, and it is managed through different silvicultural strategies. This species demonstrates notable post-disturbance regeneration, yet seed fall exhibits signifi-cant variability, leading to variations in seed quality(e.g., viability). This study aims to assess fluctuations in N. pumilio seed quality, determine how it varies concerning forest management strategies, annual productivity, and the co-occurrence of climatic phenomena including El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode(SAM).Results Viable seeds represented 18.4% of the total, notably higher in unharvested than in managed areas. Con-versely, empty seeds were more prevalent in harvested areas(> 75%). Seed quality exhibited significant differences across silvicultural treatments, except for insect-predated seeds, which had similar proportions across all areas, though dispersed retention showed higher predation. When considering years with varying production levels, high-production years favoured full and viable seeds, particularly in unharvested forests and aggregated retention, while low-production years saw reduced viability across all treatments. Quadratic models revealed that viability increased with seed production, where unharvested forests achieved the highest values. Climate variability influenced seed proportions, where ENSO+/SAM+ promoting more full and viable seeds, while ENSO–/SAM+ favoured non-predated seeds, especially in unharvested *** Seed quality varies among treatments and years with different levels of seeding. Variations in seed qual-ity, l

关键词： Forest management Seeding Climate change Extreme event Patagonia

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Association between lifestyle factors and thyroid function in young euthyroid adults

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 265-275页

作者： Elisa Merchan-Ramirez guillermo Sanchez-delgado Lucas jurado-Fasoli Francisco M Acosta manuel Munoz-Torres jose M.Llamas-Elvira jonatan R Ruiz Sport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS) Faculty of Sports ScienceUniversity of GranadaGranada 18016Spain Pennington Biomedical Research Center Baton Rouge 70808USA Faculty of Medicine University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Turku PET Centre University of TurkuTurku 20500Finland Turku PET Centre Turku University HospitalTurku 20520Finland Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada(Ibs.Granada) Granada 18012Spain CIBERFES Instituto de Salud CarlosⅢMadrid 28029Spain Endocrinology and Nutrition Service University Hospital San CecilioGranada 18016Spain Nuclear Medicine Service "Virgen de las Nieves"University HospitalGranada 18014Spain

Purpose:The present work examines the associations of dietary habits,sedentarism,physical activity(PA)levels and sleep habits,with thyroid function in young euthyroid ***:A total of 105 young euthyroid adults participated in this cross-sectional *** function was determined in fasting conditions(>6 h).Dietary habits were measured by a food frequency questionnaire and three non-consecutive 24 h recalls,and different dietary intake and patterns were then *** time spent in sedentary,PA levels and sleep habits were objectively measured using a wrist-worn ***:Energy and carbohydrate intake were positively associated with thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)(β=0.222;R^(2)=0.102;P=0.022 andβ=0.425;R^(2)=0.129;P=0.007,respectively)whereas fat intake was negatively associated with TSH(β=-0.428;R^(2)=0.137;P=0.004).Energy intake was also positively associated with free triiodothyronine(β=0.277;R^(2)=0.137;P=0.004).Further,adherence to the Mediterranean diet was negatively related to TSH and free thyroxine(FT4)(β=-0.221;R^(2)=0.113;P=0.020 andβ=-0.268;R^(2)=0.071;P=0.007,respectively).Vigorous-intensity and overall PA were negatively associated with FT4(β=-0.227;R^(2)=0.052;P=0.022 andβ=-0.204;R^(2)=0.042;P=0.041,respectively).In contrast,no associations were found between sleep parameters and thyroid ***:Lifestyle factors such as dietary intake and PA levels seems to be related to thyroid function even in young euthyroid adults.

关键词： Thyroid hormones Dietary intake Sleep Physical activity Euthyroid

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detection of Progesterone Receptor as a Method of Diagnosing Mammary Cancer in Female Dogs

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Open journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第8期14卷 217-227页

作者： josé de jesús Vázquez Pérez Angel Ramses Figueroa Hernandez jorge Peregrina Sandoval guillermo Nolasco Rodríguez manuel Rosales Cortés department of Veterinary Medicine University Center of Biological and Agricultural Sciences University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico department of Cellular and Molecular Biology University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico

Introduction: Canine mammary gland tumor is the most common type of neoplasia in non-ovariectomized bitches. Approximately 50% of tumors are malignant. Neoplasms originating from the mammary gland represent the most common neoplastic disease in canines in Veterinary Medicine. Aim: Relate the expression of the receptor to progesterone (PR) with the tumor stage of canine mammary carcinoma. Material and Methods: Analytical-cross-sectional study, samples of paraffinized tumor tissue obtained from 30 canine patients with breast cancer were used. The expression of PR was performed by immunohistochemical labeling, using murine anti-PR (anti-PR Biocare brand). A descriptive analysis was carried out with the results using the SPSS program. Results: The predominant histological subtype of breast cancer was tubular carcinoma with 12 patients, followed by papillary cystic carcinoma with 6 patients, solid carcinoma 5, carcinosarcoma 4 and comedocarcinoma 3. There was a significant trend between breast cancer subtypes, histological grade G1. Among the histopathological findings, the degree of invasion is related to the presence of tumor cells in adjacent lymph nodes, which is why it is a prognostic indicator. The expression of PR in the tumor tissue samples it was 42.8% positive versus 57.14% negative, of which 75% correspond to G1, 8.3% to G2 and 16.6% to G3. With respect to the relationship of the expression of PR vs type of tumor, it was found that 50% correspond to tubular carcinoma, 33.3% to papillary cystic carcinoma, 8.3% to solid carcinoma and 8.3% to comedocarcinoma. Conclusion: The hormone receptor was negative in more than half of the patients and histological grade is significantly associated with tumor subtypes, this study emphasizes the need to introduce receptor testing into our routine clinical practice to offer the best treatment for breast cancer.

关键词： Cancer Mammary Gland Progesterone Immunohistochemistry Progesterone Membrane Receptor Component 1 (PGRMC 1)

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Effect of Mushroom Extract Hericium erinaceus on Spatial Memory and Morphology of Neurons in the CA1 and CA3 Regions of the Hippocampus in Ovariectomized Rats

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Open journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第7期14卷 163-179页

作者： Lucia Garcia-delgado Mariana Monserrath Verdía-Venegas jacinto bañuelos-Pineda Esther Albarrán-Rodríguez guillermo Nolasco-Rodriguez josé Ricardo Cuellar-Pérez Sergio Fausto-Guerra manuel Rosales-Cortés Master in Behavioral Sciences Institute of Neurosciences University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico department of Veterinary Medicine Division of Veterinary Sciences CUCBA University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico Botany and Zoology Laboratory CUCBA University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico

Various studies indicate that low levels of estradiol negatively impact cognitive abilities. Extracts from the fungus Hericium erinaceus (HE) contain bioactive components that promote the proper functioning of the nervous system and potential effects on protection against neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and motor dysfunctions. The objective was to evaluate the effects of the administration of the HE mushroom extract on visuospatial memory and morphology of neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus in ovariectomized rats. 40 young Wistar rats weighing 90 ± 10 g BW were used, which were distributed into four groups of 10 animals;Control Group, non-ovariectomized and untreated rats;Group E2, ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol (2 μg/kg/body weight);Group HE, ovariectomized rats treated with the extract of the fungus Hericium erinaceus (0.5 mg/kg body weight) and Group Ovx/ST, ovariectomized rats, without treatment. The animals were tested in the barnes and Open Field maze, then they were sacrificed, and their brains were obtained to perform a histological analysis of neuronal morphology in the CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus. The most outstanding results showed that the Ovx/ST group recorded the longest time to arrive at the escape box and stay in the barnes maze. A correlation was observed between neuronal damage and function;in the groups that did not present satisfactory performance in the maze tests, morphological alterations were identified such as the presence of some neuronal somata with degeneration characteristics such as pyknosis, nuclear basophilia and shrinkage of the cells. Its soma, as well as a decrease in the nuclear area of CA1 and CA3 neurons. It is concluded that the fungus Hericium erinaceus exerted a neuroprotective effect on the neuronal bodies of the hippocampus, associated with better performance in the visuospatial recognition memory test.

关键词： Ovariectomized Rats Ovarian Hypofunction Estradiol Hericium erinaceus barnes Circular Labyrinth Open Field Labyrinth

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Prognostic Factors for Mortality in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury at HGZ 46, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Period from March 1, 2021 to december 31, 2022

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Open journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第1期12卷 1-9页

作者： América del Carmen Flores jiménez Eduardo guillermo Aguilar López Rafael Blanco de La Vega Pérez juan manuel Hernández Vázquez Emergency Room at General Zone Hospital #46 (HGZ46) “Dr. bartolomé Reynés Berezaluce” from Mexican Institute of Social Security Tabasco Mexico Intensive Care Unit at General Zone Hospital #46 (HGZ46) “Dr. bartolomé Reynés Berezaluce” from Mexican Institute of Social Security Tabasco Mexico

Introduction: A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by a forceful bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body, or by an object that pierces the skull and interrupts the normal function of the brain. Severe TBI is estimated at 73 cases per 100,000 people. The mortality of severe TBI can be reduced if a timely diagnosis and treatment of the injuries are made through prognostic factors. Objective: To determine the prognostic factors related to mortality in severe traumatic brain injury at the Hospital General de Zona No. 46. Material and Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study in beneficiaries admitted to the Hospital General de Zona (HGZ) No. 46 of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS by its acronym in Spanish), with a diagnosis of severe TBI;the possible prognostic factors related to mortality of severe TBI were obtained from their records. Measures of central tendency and chi square were used for data analysis. Results: The study sample consisted of 60 subjects diagnosed with severe traumatic brain injury, of which 5 (8%) were women and 55 (92%) were men, and all 60 (100%) patients died. The average age of the sample was 26 with a standard deviation of 9 years. The variables that had a p value less than or equal to 0.05 were: Mydriasis, seizures, Hyperglycemia, Normoglycemia, Hypothermia and Hypotension. This means that these variables were associated with mortality. Conclusion: Statistical significance is demonstrated in prognostic factors of mortality in severe traumatic brain injury with p < 0.05 in the case of mydriasis, seizures, hyperglycemia, normoglycemia, hypothermia and hypotension.

关键词： Traumatic Brain Injury Prognostic Factors Mortality Severity

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Influence of steel jacket thickness on the RC bridges' seismic vulnerability

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journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第1期6卷 15-34页

作者： Bertha Olmos josé manuel jara Gerardo Gómez guillermo Martínez department of Civil Engineering Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo

The seismic demands of bridges subjected to strong earthquakes are mostly concentrated on piers. The main objective of this study is to assess the seismic vulnerability of retrofitted bridges with steel jackets. It analyzes the influence of the steel jacket thickness on the seismic capacity and demand of bridges. The bridges in study have two simple supported spans with superstructure composed by AASHTO type girders and a substructure formed with one circular pier over a stiff foundation. They are located on the Pacific coast of Mexico that is a zone of high seismicity. The bridges seismic capacity are evaluated through nonlinear static analyses and the shear force and displacement demands were determined using capacity spectra with a group of 10 real accelerograms from a subduction source. The response spectra were scaled to several peak ground accelerations(PGA) with the aim to estimate four damage scenarios linked each one to a probability of exceedance in a specific period, for return periods in the range of 72-3500 years that represent service level and maximum considered earthquake. Results show that the confining effect provided by the steel jackets substantially improves the seismic performance of the bridges piers. The increase of jacket thickness guides to important increments on columns base shear capacity, and the influence of the steel jacket thickness depends on the limit state and bridge slenderness ratio.

关键词： Steel jacket Piers’retrofit Subduction earthquakes RC piers’vulnerability

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Soil organic carbon stocks in native forest of Argentina:a useful surrogate for mitigation and conservation planning under climate variability

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 3-24页

作者： Pablo L.Peri juan Gaitán Matías Mastrangelo Marcelo Nosetto Pablo E.Villagra Ezequiel balducci Martín Pinazo Roxana P.Eclesia Alejandra Von Wallis Sebastián Villarino Francisco Alaggia Marina González Polo Silvina Manrique Pablo A.Meglioli julián Rodríguez-Souilla Martín Mónaco jimena E.Chaves Ariel Medina Ignacio Gasparri Eugenio Alvarez Arnesi María Paula barral Axel von Müller Norberto M.Pahr josefina Uribe Echevarria Pedro Fernández Marina Morsucci Dardo López juan manuel Cellini Leandro Alvarez Ignacio barberis Hernán Colomb Ludmila La Manna Sebastián barbaro Cecilia Blundo Ximena Sirimarco Laura Cavallero Gualberto Zalazar guillermo Martínez Pastur Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de Luján Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET ) CCT San Luis Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía No Convencional CCT Salta-JujuyConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Dirección Nacional de Bosques Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Nación Instituto de Ecología Regional Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Universidad Nacional de Rosario Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Maderas (LIMAD) Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) Administración de Parques Nacionales (APN) Parque Nacional Los Alerces Centro de Estudios Ambientales Integrados (CEAI) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPASJB) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )

background The nationally determined contribution（NDC） presented by Argentina within the framework of the Paris Agreement is aligned with the decisions made in the context of the United Nations Framework Conven-tion on Climate Change（UNFCCC） on the reduction of emissions derived from deforestation and forest degradation, as well as forest carbon conservation（REDD+）. In addition, climate change constitutes one of the greatest threats to forest biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the soil organic carbon（SOC） stocks of native forests have not been incorporated into the Forest Reference Emission Levels calculations and for conservation planning under cli-mate variability due to a lack of information. The objectives of this study were:（i） to model SOC stocks to 30 cm of native forests at a national scale using climatic, topographic and vegetation as predictor variables, and（ii） to relate SOC stocks with spatial–temporal remotely sensed indices to determine biodiversity conservation concerns due to threats from high inter-annual climate *** We used 1040 forest soil samples（0–30 cm） to generate spatially explicit estimates of SOC native forests in Argentina at a spatial resolution of approximately 200 m. We selected 52 potential predictive environmental covari-ates, which represent key factors for the spatial distribution of SOC. All covariate maps were uploaded to the Google Earth Engine cloud-based computing platform for subsequent modelling. To determine the biodiversity threats from high inter-annual climate variability, we employed the spatial–temporal satellite-derived indices based on Enhanced Vegetation Index（EVI） and land surface temperature（LST） images from Landsat *** SOC model（0–30 cm depth） prediction accounted for 69% of the variation of this soil property across the whole native forest coverage in Argentina. Total mean SOC stock reached 2.81 Pg C（2.71–2.84 Pg C with a probability of 90%） for a total area of 460,790 km2,

关键词： Soil organic carbon Biodiversity Native forest Climate change mitigation Modelling Resilience

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Precision silviculture:use of UAVs and comparison of deep learning models for the identification and segmentation of tree crowns in pine crops

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International journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 2223-2238页

作者： manuel Ignacio Perez Bruno Karelovic Roberto Molina Rodrigo Saavedra Pierluigi Cerulo guillermo Cabrera department of Computer Sciences Universidad de Concepcion Biblioteca CentralConcepcionChile Celulosa Arauco y Constitucion SA I&DSantiagoChile

The monitoring of trees is crucial for the management of large areas of forest cultivations,but this process may be ***,remotely sensed data offers a solution to automate this *** this work,we used two neural network methods named You Only Look Once(YOLO)and Mask R-CNN to overcome the challenging tasks of counting,detecting,and segmenting high dimensional Red–Green–Blue(RGB)images taken from unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).We present a processing framework,which is suitable to generate accurate predictions for the aforementioned tasks using a reasonable amount of labeled *** compared our method using forest stands of different ages and *** counting,YOLO overestimates 8.5%of the detected trees on average,whereas Mask R-CNN overestimates a 4.7%of the *** the detection task,YOLO obtains a precision of 0.72 and a recall of 0.68 on average,while Mask R-CNN obtains a precision of 0.82 and a recall of *** segmentation,YOLO overestimates a 13.5%of the predicted area on average,whereas Mask R-CNN overestimates a 9.2%.The proposed methods present a cost-effective solution for forest monitoring using RGB images and have been successfully used to monitor∼146,500 acres of pine cultivations.

关键词： Artificial intelligence tree identification forestry remote sensing

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Antenatal use of bosentan and/or sildenafil attenuates pulmonary features in rats with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

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World journal of Pediatrics 2014年第4期10卷 354-359页

作者： María de Lourdes Lemus-Varela Amed Soliz Belinda Claudia Gómez-Meda Ana Lourdes Zamora-Perez josé manuel Ornelas-Aguirre Valery Melnikov Blanca Miriam Torres-Mendoza guillermo Moisés Zúñiga-González Division of Neonatology High Specialty Medical UnitPediatric HospitalWestern National Medical CenterMexican Social Security InstituteGuadalajaraJaliscoMéxico Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Division of NeonatologyMiami Children's HospitalMiami FLDUSA Molecular Biology in Medicine Institute Molecular Biology and Genomic DepartmentHealth Sciences University CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajaraJaliscoMéxico Odontology Research Institute Integrated Odontology Clinic DepartmentHealth Sciences University CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajaraJaliscoMéxico Pathology department High Specialty Medical UnitNorth-western National Medical CenterMexican Social Security InstituteCiudad ObregónSonoraMéxico School of Medicine University of ColimaColimaMéxico Division of Neurosciences Western Biomedical Research CenterMexican Social Security Institute and Department of ClinicsHealth Sciences University CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajaraJaliscoMéxico Mutagenesis Laboratory Western Biomedical Research CenterMexican Social Security InstituteGuadalajaraJaliscoMéxico

background:Lung hypoplasia,pulmonary persistent hypertension of the newborn and its morphological changes are the main features in congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH).This study was undertaken to investigate if antenatal use of sildenafil and/or bosentan attenuates vascular remodeling,promotes branching,and improves alveolarization in experimental nitrofeninduced ***:Nitrofen(100 mg)was gavage-fed to pregnant rats at post conception day(PCD)9 to induce *** rats were randomized to 5 groups:1)control;2)nitrofen;3)nitrofen+sildenafil 100 mg/kg per day at PCD 16-20;4)nitrofen+bosentan 30 mg/kg per day,at PCD 16-20,and 5)nitrofen+bosentan+sildenafil,same doses and administration *** cesarean delivery,the offsprings were sacrifi *** diaphragmatic defect and pulmonary hypoplasia were identified,and the lungs were *** wall thickness,bronchiolar density and alveolarization were ***:The offsprings with CDH were characterized by severe pulmonary hypoplasia(lung weight-to-body weight ratio:0.0263[95%confidence interval(CI)0.0242-0.0278)]in the nitrofen group versus 0.0385(95%CI 0.0355-0.0424)in the control group(P=0.0001).Pulmonary arterial wall thickness was decreased to 3.0(95%CI 2.8-3.7)μm in the nitrofen+sildenafil group versus 5.0(95%CI 4.1-4.9)μm in the nitrofen group(P=0.02).Terminal bronchioles increased to 13.7(95%CI 10.7-15.2)μm in the nitrofen+bosentan group in contrast to 8.7(95%CI 7.2-9.4)μm in the nitrofen group(P=0.002).More significant differences(P=0.0001)were seen in terminal bronchioles in the nitrofen+sildenafil+bosentan group than in the nitrofen group[14.0(95%CI 12.5-15.4)μm versus 8.5(95%CI 7.1-9.3)μm].Pulmonary arterial wall thickness was also decreased in the former ***:In this rat model,antenatal treatment with sildenafil attenuates vascular *** promotes the development of terminal bronchioles in nitrofen-induced CDH.

关键词： antenatal treatment bosentan congenital diaphragmatic hernia pulmonary hypoplasia sildenafil

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