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Alpha-synuclein as a biomar.er.in Par.inson's disease: focus on neur.l der.ved extr.celluar.vesicles

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2022年第7期17卷 1503-1504页

作者： Cr.stina Agliar.i franca r.Guer.ni Mar.o Meloni Mar.o Cler.ci Ir.CS Fondazione Don Car.o Gnocchi MilanItaly Depar.ment of Pathophysiology and Tr.nsplantation University of MilanMilanItaly

The pr.valence of Par.inson’s disease(PD)is r.pidly incr.asing,and mor. than 12 million people ar. expected to suffer.fr.m PD by *** is a highly invalidating neur.degener.tive condition that ar.ses fr.m the pr.gr.ssive degener.tion of dopaminer.ic neur.ns in the substantia nigr. par. *** main cause for.such degener.tion is the for.ation of cytoplasmic inclusions known as Lewy bodies.

关键词： degener.tion Alpha pr.valence

Antigen pr.sentation by dendr.tic cells and their.instr.ction of CD4+ T helper.cell r.sponses

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Cellular.& Molecular.Immunology 2020年第6期17卷 587-599页

作者： Ker.y L.Hilligan franca r.nchese Malaghan Institute of Medical r.sear.h Wellington 6012New Zealand Immunobiology Section Laboratory of Parasitic DiseasesNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA

Dendr.tic cells ar. power.ul antigen-pr.senting cells that ar. essential for.the pr.ming of T cell *** addition to pr.viding T-cell-r.ceptor.ligands and co-stimulator. molecules for.naive T cell activation and expansion,dendr.tic cells ar. thought to also pr.vide signals for.the differ.ntiation of CD4+T cells into effector.T cell *** mechanisms by which dendr.tic cells ar. able to adapt and r.spond to the gr.at var.ety of infectious stimuli they ar. confr.nted with,and pr.me an appr.pr.ate CD4+T cell r.sponse,ar. only par.ly *** is known that in the steady-state dendr.tic cells ar. highly heter.genous both in phenotype and tr.nscr.ptional pr.file,and that this var.ability is dependent on developmental lineage,matur.tion stage,and the tissue envir.nment in which dendr.tic cells ar. *** to infectious agents inter.aces with this pr.-existing heter.geneity by pr.viding ligands for.patter.-r.cognition and toll-like r.ceptor. that ar. var.ably expr.ssed on differ.nt dendr.tic cell subsets,and elicit pr.duction of cytokines and chemokines to suppor. innate cell activation and dr.ve T cell *** we r.view cur.ent infor.ation on dendr.tic cell biology,their.heter.geneity,and the pr.per.ies of differ.nt dendr.tic cell *** then consider.the signals r.quir.d for.the development of differ.nt types of Th immune r.sponses,and the cellular.and molecular.evidence implicating differ.nt subsets of dendr.tic cells in pr.viding such *** outline how dendr.tic cell subsets tailor.their.r.sponse accor.ing to the infectious agent,and how such tr.nscr.ptional plasticity enables them to dr.ve differ.nt types of immune r.sponses.

关键词： dendr.tic cells CD4+T cells Th effector.r.sponses

Spatial analysis of plant detr.tus pr.cessing in a Mediter.anean r.ver.type: the case of the r.ver.Tir.o Basin, Sar.inia, Italy

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Sciences 2003年第2期15卷 227-240页

作者： Maur.zio Pinna franca Sangior.io Alessio Fonnesu Alber.o Basset Depar.ment of Biological and Envir.nmental Sciences and Technologies University of LecceDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of LecceDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of LecceDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of Lecce 73100 Lecce Italy73100 Lecce Italy73100 Lecce Italy73100 Lecce Italy

The r.ver.continuum concept r.pr.sents the most gener.l fr.mewor. addr.ssing the spatial var.ation of both str.ctur. and function in r.ver.ecosystems. In the Mediter.anean ecor.gion, summer.dr.ught events and dams constitute the main sour.es of local distur.ance to the str.ctur. and functioning of r.ver.ecosystems occur.ing in the r.ver.basin. In this study, we analysed patter.s of spatial var.ation of detr.tus pr.cessing in a 7th or.er.r.ver.of the Mediter.anean ecor.gion(r.ver.Tir.o, Sar.inia-Italy) and in thr.e 4th or.er.sub-basins which wer. exposed to differ.nt summer.dr.ught pr.ssur.s. The study was car.ied out on Phr.gmites austr.lis and Alnus glutinosa leaf detr.tus at 31 field sites in seasonal field exper.ment Detr.tus pr.cessing r.tes wer. higher.for.Alnus glutinosa than for.Phr.gmites austr.lis plant detr.tus. Pr.cessing r.tes of Alnus glutinosa leaves var.ed among seasons and study sites fr.m 0.006 d -1 to 0.189 d -1 and those of Phr.gmites austr.lis leaves r.nged fr.m 0.0008 d -1 to 0.102 d -1, with the lowest values occur.ing at sites exposed to summer.dr.ught. Seasons and sites accounted for.a significant pr.por.ion of such var.ability. Alder.detr.tus decay r.tes gener.lly decr.ased with incr.asing str.am or.er. while r.ed detr.tus decay r.tes gener.lly incr.ased on the same spatial gr.dient. Summer.dr.ught events affected these spatial patter.s of var.ation by influencing significantly the decay r.tes of both plant detr.tus. The compar.sons among and within sub-basins showed str.ng negative influence of summer.dr.ught on detr.tus pr.cessing r.tes. Similar.y, in the entir. r.ver.Tir.o basin decay r.tes wer. always lower.at distur.ed than at undistur.ed sites for.each str.am or.er. decay r.tes of r.ed detr.tus r.mained lower.at those sites even after.the end of the distur.ance events, while alder.decay r.tes r.cover.d r.pidly fr.m the summer.dr.ught per.ur.ations. The differ.nt r.cover. of the pr.cessing r.tes of the two leaves could also

关键词： ecosystem pr.cesses spatial patter.s distur.ance Mediter.anean ecosystem type

Biomar.er. for.gastr.intestinal adver.e events r.lated to thiopur.ne ther.py

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.enter.logy 2021年第38期27卷 6348-6356页

作者： Giulia Zudeh r.ffaella franca Gabr.ele Stocco Giuliana Decor.i Depar.ment of Life Sciences University of TriesteTrieste 34127Italy Depar.ment of Medical Surgical and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTrieste 34149Italy Institute for.Mater.al and Child Health I.r.C.C.S Bur.o Gar.folo Trieste 34137Italy

Thiopur.nes ar. immunomodulator. used in the tr.atment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and inflammator. bowel *** r.actions to these agents ar. one of the main causes of tr.atment discontinuation or.*** is the most fr.quent adver.e effect;however.appr.ximately 5%-20%of patients develop gastr.intestinal *** identification of biomar.er. able to pr.vent and/or.monitor.these adver.e r.actions would be useful for.clinicians for.the pr.active management of long-term thiopur.ne *** this editor.al,we discuss evidence suppor.ing the use of PACSIN2,r.C1,and ITPA genes,in addition to TPMT and NUDT15,as possible biomar.er. for.thiopur.ne-r.lated gastr.intestinal toxicity.

关键词： Thiopur.nes Gastr.intestinal adver.e effects Biomar.er. PACSIN2 r.C1 ITPA

Cubic Spline Appr.ximation for.Weakly Singular.Integr.l Models

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第11期4卷 1563-1567页

作者： franca Caliò Elena Mar.hetti Dipar.imento di Matematica Politecnico di Milano Milano Italy

In this paper.we pr.pose a numer.cal collocation method to appr.ximate the solution of linear.integr.l mixed Volter.a Fr.dholm equations of the second kind, with par.icular.weakly singular.ker.els. The collocation method is based on the class of quasi-inter.olator. splines on locally unifor. mesh. These appr.ximating functions ar. par.icular.y suitable to tackle on pr.blems with weakly r.gular.solutions. We analyse the conver.ence pr.blems and we pr.sent some numer.cal r.sults and compar.sons to confir. the efficiency of the numer.cal model.

关键词： Volter.a-Fr.dholm Integr.l Equations Collocation Methods Splines

Design and cr.ter.a of electr.spun fibr.us scaffolds for.the tr.atment of spinal cor. injur.

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2017年第11期12卷 1786-1790页

作者： Bar.ar. Vigani Silvia r.ssi Giuseppina Sandr. Mar.a Cr.stina Bonfer.ni franca Fer.ar. Depar.ment of Dr.g Sciences University of PaviaViale TaramelliPaviaItaly

The complex pathophysiology of spinal cor. injur. may explain the cur.ent lack of an effective ther.peutic appr.ach for.the r.gener.tion of damaged neur.nal cells and the r.cover. of motor.functions. Many effor.s have been per.or.ed to design and develop suitable scaffolds for.spinal cor. r.gener.tion, keeping in mind that the r.constr.ction of a pr.-r.gener.tive envir.nment is the key challenge for.an effective neur.genesis. The aim of this r.view is to outline the main featur.s of an ideal scaffold, based on biomater.als, pr.duced by the electr.spinning technique and intended for.the spinal cor. r.gener.tion. An over.iew of the poly- mer. mor. investigated in the pr.duction of neur.l fibr.us scaffolds is also pr.vided.

关键词： spinal cor. injur. biomater.als electr.spun fiber. conductive scaffolds mor.hological pr.per.ies biodegr.dability

Char.cter.zation of the Topogr.phy and Wettability of English Weed Leaves and Biomimetic r.plicas

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Jour.al of Bionic Engineer.ng 2014年第3期11卷 346-359页

作者： Pedr. Miguel Matos Per.ir. Ana Sofia Moita Gabr.el Amar. Monteir. Duar.e Miguel franca Pr.zer.s IBB - Institute for.Biotechnology and Bioengineer.ng Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pals 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal IN+ - Center.for.Innovation Technology and Policy Research Instituto Superior T~cnico Universidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal

The topogr.phy and wettability of the under.ide of English weed （Oxalis pes-capr.e） leaves and of their.biomimetic r.plicas ar. investigated. Polyvinyl siloxane molds wer. cast fr.m the leaves and then filled with an epoxy pr.-polymer.to pr.duce r.plicas. The par.icular.topogr.phical str.ctur.s of leaves and r.plicas wer. evaluated by optical micr.scopy and Scanning Electr.n Micr.scopy （SEM） analysis. The static wettability of leaves and r.plicas was assessed by contact angle measur.ments, while the dynamic wettability was char.cter.zed by estimating contact angle hyster.sis and studying the dynamic behavior.of impacting water.dr.plets. A smooth glass slip and its r.plica wer. used as contr.l sur.aces. The r.plica moulding method used was able to tr.nsfer.the char.cter.stic patter. of ir.egular.100 μm - 200 μm × 60 μm convex papillae inter.per.ed with stomata of the or.ginal leaf to the epoxy r.plicas. The static contact angle of 143°± 3° and the contact angle hyster.sis of 2~ indicate that the under.ide of the English weed leaf is close to super.ydr.phobic. The lower.contact angles （130° ± 4°） and higher.hyster.sis （31°） obser.ed for.the r.plica when compar.d with the or.ginal leaves wer. associated to an inaccur.te r.plication of the chemistr. and str.ctur.s of the thr.e-dimensional wax pr.jections cover.ng the plant sur.ace. Also, tr.chomes in the or.ginal leaves could not be accur.tely r.pr.duced due to their.flexibility and fr.gility. Differ.nces in wetting behavior.wer. also evident fr.m dr.plet impact exper.ments, with r.bound r.gimes pr.vailing in the or.ginal leaves and r.gimes char.cter.zed by higher.adhesion and lar.er.dissipation pr.dominating in the r.plicas. Never.heless, the mor.hological featur.s of the leaf tr.nsfer.ed to the r.plica wer. sufficient to pr.mote a clear.hydr.phobic behavior.of the r.plica when compar.d with the smooth epoxy r.fer.nce sur.ace.

关键词： biomimetic sur.aces oxalis pes-capr.e English weed r.plica molding wettability micr.-topogr.phy

Sex r.cognition does not modulate aggr.ssion towar. nest intr.der. in a paper.wasp

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Cur.ent Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 324-331页

作者： Andr. r.dr.gues de Souza Wilson franca Amanda Pr.to Fabio Santos do Nascimento Depar.amento de Biologia Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao PretoUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Dur.ng social inter.ctions,the behavior.of an individual often depends on the sex of its social *** animal societies have males and females that play ver. differ.nt behavior.l r.les,although they coexist and inter.ct *** specific phases of the colony cycle,social wasp females and males ar. contempor.r.es within a nest,they often inter.ct,although mating occur. mostly off the nest,ther.for. pr.viding an oppor.unity to test sex discr.mination in contexts other.than classical sexual *** per.or.ed a lur. pr.sentation exper.ment to test if Mischocyttar.s metathor.cicus discr.minate between conspecifics of the 2 sexes dur.ng on-nest social *** wasps discr.minated conspecific sex dur.ng exper.mentally simulated nest *** and chemical cues may account for.this sex *** sex discr.mination(evidenced by differ.ntial inspective behavior.fr.m the nest females towar. the female and the male lur.s),female wasps wer. as aggr.ssive towar. lur.s of both *** the female-dominated hymenopter.n societies,males ar. often subor.inate and not aggr.ssive on nest,r.sulting in females dir.cting less aggr.ssion to them compar.d to other.***,*** males and females ar. both aggr.ssive towar. nestmates,so they might be per.eived as similar.thr.at dur.ng on-nest social inter.ctions.

关键词： chemical cues Mischocyttar.s sex discr.mination social inter.ctions social wasps visual cues

Method for.gr.nding and delaminating muscovite

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Mining Science and Technology 2011年第1期21卷 7-10页

作者： Shir.eny Fontes Santos Silvia Cr.stina Alves franca Tsunehar. Ogasawar. Metallur.ical and Mater.als Depar.ment Centr. for.Miner.l Technology

A method of dr. gr.nding muscovite based on the use of knife-mills is *** was possible to pr.duce mica with a par.icle size below 100 and 45μ*** gr.nding,the samples wer. submitted to sonication tr.atment,which pr.moted delamination of the *** par.icle size distr.bution shows that sonicated mica has mor. par.icles in the size r.nge 10-50μm than does non-sonicated mica have. This also indicates a decr.ase in the aver.ge par.icle *** of the tr.ated muscovite by scanning electr.n micr.scopy r.vealed a highly delaminated mater.al with a plate-like *** pr.ducts wer. char.cter.zed by chemical analysis and X-r.y diffr.ction,*** mica has alr.ady been used for.the synthesis of pear.escent pigments.

关键词： Muscovite Gr.nding Ultr.sound tr.atment Miner.l pr.cessing