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Negative Feedback Regulation of Auxin Signaling by ATHB8/ACL5-BUD2 Transcription Module

Molecular Plant 2014年第6期7卷 1006-1025页

作者： Simona Baima Valentina Forte Marco Possenti Andres Penalosa guido leoni Sergio Salvi Barbara Felici Ida Ruberti Giorgio Morelli Food and Nutrition Research Centre Agricultural Research Council Via Ardeatina 546 00178 Rome Italy Present address: Department of Physics Sapienza University of Rome Rle A Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy Present address: Soil-Plant System Studies Research Centre Agricultural Research Council Via della Navicella 2-4 00184 Rome Italy Institute of Biology Molecular Medicine and NanoBiotechnology National Research Council Rle A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy

The role of auxin as main regulator of vascular differentiation is well established, and a direct correlation between the rate of xylem differentiation and the amount of auxin reaching the （pro）cambial cells has been proposed. It has been suggested that thermospermine produced by ACAULIS5 （ACL5） and BUSHY AND DWARF2 （BUD2） is one of the factors downstream to auxin contributing to the regulation of this process in Arabidopsis. Here, we provide an in-depth characterization of the mechanism through which ACL5 modulates xylem differentiation. We show that an increased level of ACL5 slows down xylem differentiation by negatively affecting the expression of homeodomain-leucine zipper （HD- ZIP） III and key auxin signaling genes. This mechanism involves the positive regulation of thermospermine biosynthesis by the HD-ZIP III protein ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX8 tightly controlling the expression of ACL5 and BUD2. In addition, we show that the HD-ZIP III protein REVOLUTA contributes to the increased leaf vascularization and long hypocotyl phenotype of acl5 likely by a direct regulation of auxin signaling genes such as LIKE AUXIN RESISTANT2 （LAX2） and LAX3. We propose that proper formation and differentiation of xylem depend on a balance between positive and negative feedback loops operating through HD-ZIP III genes.

关键词： auxin procambium thermospermine autoregulation auxin influx transporters Arabidopsis.

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Long-term durable response to lenalidomide in a patient with hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第22期20卷 7049-7054页

作者： Maria Caterina Pallotti Margherita Nannini Claudio Agostinelli Simona leoni Valerio Di Scioscio Anna Mandrioli Cristian Lolli Maristella Saponara Stefano Pileri Luigi Bolondi guido Biasco Maria Abbondanza Pantaleo Department of Specialized Experimentaland Diagnostic MedicineS. Orsola-Malpighi HospitalUniversity of Bologna40138 BolognaItaly Hematopathology Section Department of ExperimentalDiagnosticand Specialty MedicineS. Orsola-Malpighi HospitalUniversity of Bologna40138 BolognaItaly Division of Internal Medicine Department of Digestive Disease and Internal MedicineS. Orsola-Malpighi HospitalUniversity of Bologna40138 BolognaItaly Department of Radiology S. Orsola-Malpighi HospitalUniversity of Bologna40138 BolognaItaly InterdepartmentalCentre for Cancer Research "G. Prodi" University of Bologna40138 BolognaItaly

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma(EH)is a rare tumor arising from the vascular endothelial cells of soft tissue or visceral *** most common visceral site is the liver,where it is often involved in a multifocal man-ner known as hepatic EH(HEH).Surgical resection with curative intent represents the gold standard *** surgery is not feasible,or in cases of metastatic disease,no standard medical treatment is currently *** small series,drugs with anti-angiogenic activity(such as bevacizumab,sorafenib,thalidomide,and lenalidomide)have been proposed with promising *** describe a 73-year-old man with multifocal non-resectable HEH treated with *** status was evaluated by abdominal ultrasound and magnetic resonance every four *** patient was treated for a total of 39 mo with prolonged disease stabilization and,at the time of writing,is still under treatment with a good tolerance *** a short period of treatment discontinuation,the disease showed slight progression that immediately resolved after the reintroduction of *** may represent a valid treatment option for HEH due to its anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic *** preliminary result merits further study in a large series.

关键词： Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma Liver Lenalidomide Magnetic resonance Abdominal ultrasound

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