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Enhancing volatile fatty acids production from waste activated sludge: The role of pretreatment by n,n-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate (GLDA)

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 149-157页

作者： Chang Liu Lin Li Linji Xu Tanglong Zhang Qiang he Xiaodong Xin Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment Ministry of EducationCollege of Environment and EcologyChongqing UniversityChongqing400045PR China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan523808PR China

n,n-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate(GLDA)is an eco-friendly chelating agent that effectively extracts multivalent metal ions from waste activated sludge(WAS)flocs,which could potentially alter their ***,the effect of GLDA on the production of volatile fatty acids(VFAs)from WAS is not well ***,we demonstrate that pretreatment with GLDA at a concentration of 200 mmol per kg VSS results in a significant increase of 142%in extractable extracellular polymeric substances and enhances the total VFAs yield by 64%compared to untreated *** reveal GLDA's capability to mobilize organic-binding multivalent metal ions within sludge ***,post-pretreatment analyses showed the release of 69.1 mg L^(-1) of Ca and 109.8 mg L^(-1) of Fe ions from the flocs,leading to a more relaxed floc structure and a reduced apparent activation energy(10.6 versus 20 kJ mol1)for WAS *** dynamic simulations further demonstrate GLDA's preferential binding to Fe3þand Ca2þover Mg2þ.Our study suggests that GLDA pretreatment causes minimal disruption to reactor stability,thereby indicating the stability of microbial community *** has emerged as a viable pretreatment agent for enhancing volatile fatty acids production from waste activated sludge.

关键词： Anaerobic fermentation Pretreatment Resource recovery Multivalent metals Solubilization

Study of primordial deuterium abundance in Big Bang nucleosynthesis

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 208-215页

作者： Zhi-Lin Shen Jian-Jun he Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Radiation Technology Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100875China

Big Bang nucleosynthesis(BBn)theory predicts the primordial abundances of the light elements^(2) H(referred to as deuterium,or D for short),^(3)he,^(4)he,and^(7) Li produced in the early *** these,deuterium,the first nuclide produced by BBn,is a key primordial material for subsequent *** date,the uncertainty in predicted deuterium abundance(D/H)remains larger than the observational *** this study,the Monte Carlo simulation code PRIMAT was used to investigate the sensitivity of 11 important BBn reactions to deuterium *** found that the reaction rate uncertainties of the four reactions d(d,n)^(3)he,d(d,p)t,d(p,γ)^(3)he,and p(n,γ)d had the largest influence on the calculated D/H ***,the calculated D/H uncertainty cannot reach observational precision even with the recent LUnA precise d(p,γ)^(3) he *** the nuclear physics aspect,there is still room to largely reduce the reaction-rate uncertainties;hence,further measurements of the important reactions involved in BBn are still necessary.A photodisintegration experiment will be conducted at the Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source Facility to precisely study the deuterium production reaction of p(n,γ)d.

关键词： Big Bang nucleosynthesis Abundance of deuterium Reaction cross section Reaction rate Monte Carlo method

The Minimum Centroid Branch Spanning Tree Problem

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第2期12卷 528-539页

作者： Hao Lin Cheng he School of Science Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450001HenanChina

For a spanning tree T of graph G,the centroid of T is a vertex v for which the largest component of T-v has as few vertices as *** number of vertices of this component is called the centroid branch weight of *** minimum centroid branch spanning tree problem is to find a spanning tree T of G such that the centroid branch weight is *** application to design of communication networks,the loads of all branches leading from the switch center should be as balanced as *** this paper,we prove that the problem is strongly nP-hard even for bipartite ***,the problem is shown to be polynomially solvable for split graphs,and exact formulae for special graph familis,say Kn_(1),n_(2),...,n_(k)and P_(m)×P_(n),are presented.

关键词： Spanning tree optimization Centroid branch-nP-hardness Polynomial-time algorithm

Spatially selective p-type doping for constructing lateral WS_(2) p-n homojunction via low-energy nitrogen ion implantation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1159-1169页

作者： Yufan Kang Yongfeng Pei Dong he Hang Xu Mingjun Ma Jialu Yan Changzhong Jiang Wenqing Li Xiangheng Xiao School of Physics and Technology Key Lab of Artificial Micro-and Nano-Structures of Ministry of EducationWuhan UniversityWuhanChina

The construction of lateral p-n junctions is very important and challenging in two-dimensional(2D)semiconductor manufacturing *** researches have demonstrated that vertical p-n junction can be prepared simply by vertical stacking of 2D ***,interface pollution and large area scalability are challenges that are difficult to overcome with vertical stacking *** 2D lateral p-n homojunction is an effective strategy to address these *** selective p-type doping of 2D semiconductors is expected to construct lateral p-n *** this work,we have developed a low-energy ion implantation system that reduces the implanted energy to 300 ***-energy implantation can form a shallow implantation depth,which is more suitable for modulating the electrical and optical properties of 2D ***,we utilize low-energy ion implantation to directly dope nitrogen ions into few-layer WS_(2) and successfully realize a precise regulation for WS_(2) with its conductivity type transforming from n-type to bipolar or even p-type ***,the universality of this method is demonstrated by extending it to other 2D semiconductors,including WSe_(2),SnS_(2) and MoS_(2).Based on this method,a lateral WS_(2) p-n homojunction is fabricated,which exhibits significant rectification characteristics.A photodetector based on p-n junction with photovoltaic effect is also prepared,and the open circuit voltage can reach to 0.39 *** work provides an effective way for controllable doping of 2D semiconductors.

关键词： implantation doping Spatial

novel P-doping-tuned Pd nanoflowers/S,n-GQDs photo-electrocatalyst for high-efficient ethylene glycol oxidation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 541-545页

作者： Xiaoxiao Huang Zhi-Long he Yangpeng Chen Lei Li Zhenyu Yang Chunyang Zhai Mingshan Zhu School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China College of Biological Chemical Sciences and EngineeringJiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314001China guangdong Key Lab oratory of Environmental Pollution and health School of EnvironmentJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Traditional photo-electcatalyst structures of small noble metal nanoparticles assembling into large-scale photoactive semiconductors still suffer from agglomeration of noble metal nanoparticles,insufficient charge transfer,undesirable photoresponse ability that restricted the photo-electrocatalytic *** this end,a novel design strategy is proposed in this work,namely integrating small-scale photoactive materials(doped graphene quantum dots,S,n-GQDs)with large-sized noble metal(Pd P)nanoflowers to form novel photo-electrocatalysts for high-efficient alcohol oxidation *** expected,superior electrocatalytic performance of Pd P/S,n-GQDs for ethylene glycol oxidation is acquired,thanks to the nanoflower structure with larger specific surface area and abundant active ***,nonmetal P are demonstrated,especially optimizing the adsorption strength,enhancing the interfacial contact,reducing metal agglomeration,ensuring uniform and efficient doping of S,n-GQDs,and ultimately significantly boost the catalytic activity of photo-electrocatalysts.

关键词： non-metallic P–doping Sulfur nitrogen co-doped graphene quantum dots Pd nanoflowers Photo-electrocatalytic Ethylene glycol oxidation

Dysregulated n6-methyladenosine modification in peripheral immune cells contributes to the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 285-302页

作者： Di he Xunzhe Yang Liyang Liu Dongchao Shen Qing Liu Mingsheng Liu Xue Zhang Liying Cui Department of neurology Peking Union Medical College Hospital(PUMCH)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China Medical Doctor Program Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China neuroscience Center Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurogenerative disorder with uncertain *** evidence implicates n6-methyladenosine(m6A)modification in ALS *** RnA immunoprecipitation sequencing(MeRIP-seq)and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry were utilized for m6A profiling in peripheral immune cells and serum proteome analysis,respectively,in patients with ALS(n=16)and controls(n=6).The single-cell transcriptomic dataset(GSE174332)of primary motor cortex was further analyzed to illuminate the biological implications of differentially methylated genes and cell communication *** of peripheral immune cells revealed extensive RnA hypermethylation,highlighting candidate genes with differential m6A modification and expression,including C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1).In RAW264.7 macrophages,disrupted CX3CR1 signaling affected chemotaxis,potentially influencing immune cell migration in *** proteome analysis demonstrated the role of dysregulated immune cell migration in *** type-specific expression variations of these genes in the central nervous system(CnS),particularly microglia,were *** communication between neurons and glial cells was selectively altered in ALS *** integrated approach underscores m6A dysregulation in immune cells as a potential ALS contributor.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis n^(6)-methyladenosine epi-transcriptome proteome single cell RnA sequencing analysis CX3CR1

Langmuir-Schaefer Film Investigation and Density Functional Theory Band Gap Calculations of Calix[n]arene-Para-Aminobenzoic Acid for Drug nanosensor Application

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1311-1318页

作者： WOnG Yeong Yi F L Supian A Radzwan M Musa n F n Abd Karim Department of Physics Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia Department of Chemistry Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia

Calix[n]arenes was utilized to detect PABA,the primary sunscreen *** study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene(C4),calix[6]arene(C6),and PABA using the Langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory(DFT).Using the Langmuir-Schaefer(LS)technique,an ultrathin film composed of calix[n]arenes and their complexes with PABA was deposited on various *** on the Langmuir study,the PABA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both C4 and C6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:*** of the LS films formed were then characterized by ultravioletvisible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur elemental analyzer(CHnS).The band gap reduction obtained in the DFT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n]arenes and *** sensing of PABA by C4 and C6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the hosts’effective trapping *** outcomes of this study could be applied to drug delivery systems for future pharmaceutical and medical applications.

关键词： calix[n]arenes band gap density functional theory Langmuir-Schaefer PABA sensor

FUT8-mediated aberrant n-glycosylation of SEMA7A promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 333-348页

作者： Zhonglong Liu Xiaoyan Meng Yuxin Zhang Jingjing Sun Xiao Tang Zhiyuan Zhang Liu Liu Yue he Department of Oral Maxillofacial&head and neck Oncology Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseaseShanghaiChina Department of Oral Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghaiChina Department of Oral Pathology Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease ShanghaiShanghaiChina

SEMA7A belongs to the Semaphorin family and is involved in the oncogenesis and tumor *** glycosylation has been intricately linked with immune escape and tumor ***7A is a highly glycosylated protein with five glycosylated *** underlying mechanisms of SEMA7A glycosylation and its contribution to immunosuppression and tumorigenesis are ***,we identify overexpression and aberrant n-glycosylation of SEMA7A in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,and elucidate fucosyltransferase FUT8 catalyzes aberrant core fucosylation in SEMA7A at n-linked oligosaccharides(Asn 105,157,258,330,and 602)via a direct protein‒protein interaction.A glycosylated statue of SEMA7A is necessary for its intra-cellular trafficking from the cytoplasm to the *** EGF triggers SEMA7A n-glycosylation through increasing the binding affinity of SEMA7A toward FUT8,whereas TGF-β1 promotes abnormal glycosylation of SEMA7A via induction of epithelial–mesenchymal *** n-glycosylation of SEMA7A leads to the differentiation of CD8^(+)T cells along a trajectory toward an exhausted state,thus shaping an immunosuppressive microenvironment and being resistant immunogenic cell *** of SEMA7A significantly improves the clinical outcome of EGFR-targeted and anti-PD-L1-based ***,we also define RBM4,a splice regulator,as a downstream effector of glycosylated SEMA7A and a pivotal mediator of PD-L1 alternative *** findings suggest that targeting FUT8-SEMA7A axis might be a promising strategy for improving antitumor responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients.

关键词： aberrant squamous SEMA

“Capture-activation-recapture” mechanism-guided design of double-atom catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 437-447页

作者： Cheng he Shiqi Yan Wenxue Zhang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064ShaanxiChina

Compared with the traditional industrial nitrogen fixation, electrocatalytic methods, especially those utilizing double-atom catalysts containing nonmetals, can give good consideration to the economy and environmental protection. However, the existing “acceptance-donation” mechanism is only applicable to bimetallic catalysts and nonmetallic double-atom catalysts containing boron atoms. herein, a novel “capture-activation-recapture” mechanism for metal-nonmetal double-atom catalyst is proposed to solve the problem by adjusting the coordination environments of nonmetallic atoms and utilizing the activation effect of metal atoms on nitrogen. Based on this mechanism, the nitrogen reduction reaction (nRR) activity of 48 structures is calculated by density functional theory calculation, and four candidates are selected as outstanding electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction catalysts: Si-Fe@nG (U_(L) = –0.14 V), Si-Co@nG (U_(L)= –0.15 V), Si-Mo@BP1 (U_(L) = 0 V), and Si-Re@BP1 (U_(L) = –0.02 V). The analyses of electronic properties further confirm “capture-activation-recapture” mechanism and suggest that the difference in valence electron distribution between metal and Si atoms triggers the activation of n≡n bonds. In addition, a machine learning approach is utilized to generate an expression and an intrinsic descriptor that considers the coordination environment to predict the limiting potential. This study offers profound insight into the synergistic mechanism of TM and Si for nRR and guidance in the design of novel double-atom nitrogen fixation catalysts.

关键词： "Capture-activation-recapture"mechanism Double-atom catalyst nitrogen reduction reaction Density functional theory