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Burden of gastrointestinal cancers among working-age population over past thirty years in China

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第9期16卷 3955-3979页

作者： Yu Dong Zhuan-Zhuan Fan we.-Ting Li Jian Kang Yan Zhang Yue guan Hui-Qing Xu Jie yuan Fei Xu Department of Gastroenterology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Primary Healthcare Management Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjing 210003Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Emergency The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Epidemiology Nanjing Medical University School of Public HealthNanjing 211116Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Although gastrointestinal(GI)cancers have been becoming a great public health concern in China,there is currently a lack of comprehensive literature on the overall burden and changing trends of GI cancers in the working-age *** To assess the burden of GI cancers and to examine the overall,age-and genderspecific trends among the working-age population in China from 1990 to *** Data we.e extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study *** burden of GI cancers was indicated by incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs),age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),age-standardized mortality rate,and age-standardized DALYs *** in the burden of GI cancers from 1990 to 2019 we.e examined using annual percent change and average annual percent change with Joinpoint regression *** For overall GI cancers,a declining trend was observed in the ASIR,age-standardized mortality rate,and agestandardized DALYs rate,with reductions of 0.74%,2.23%,and 2.22%,respectively,from 1999 to 2019 in the Chinese working-age ***,an increasing trend was observed in the ASIR for overall GI cancers from *** number of either incident cases,mortality cases,and DALYs was higher for colon/rectum cancer and liver cancer in younger participants but lowe. for esophageal,gallbladder,biliary tract,pancreatic,and stomach cancer among older ***,sex disparity in the GI cancers burden was also examined over 30 *** The total burden of GI cancers remained heavy among the working-age population in China,although declining trends we.e observed from 1999 to *** in the GI cancers burden existed betwe.n sexes,age groups,and cancer ***-based precision prevention strategies are needed to tackle GI cancers among working-age individuals,considering the age,sex,and cancer type disparities in China.

关键词： Gastrointestinal cancer Working-age population Disease burden Disability-adjusted life-years Chinese

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The prognostic value of collateral circulation in coronary chronic total occlusion underwe.t percutaneous coronary intervention

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第2期21卷 232-241页

作者： Xiao-Ying HU we.-Xian YANG Chang-Dong guan Li-Hua XIE Ke-Fei DOU Yong-Jian WU Jin-Qing yuan Jie QIAN Yue-Jin YANG Shu-Bin QIAO Lei SONG Department of Cardiology Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases BeijingChina Catheterization Laboratories Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

BACKGROUND The prognostic value of coronary collateral circulation(CC)in patients undergoing chronic total occlusion(CTO)percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)is *** purpose of the study was to assess the prognostic value of current two CC grading systems and their association with long-term outcomes in patients with CTO underwe.t *** we.consecutively enrolled patients with single-vessel CTO underwe.t PCI betwe.n January 2010 and *** patients we.e categorized into we.l-developed or poor-developed collaterals group according to angiographic we.ner's CC(grade 2 *** 0–1)or Rentrop(grade 3 *** 0–2)grading *** primary endpoint was 5-year cardiac *** Of 2452 enrolled patients,the overall technical success rate was 74.1%.we.l-developed collaterals we.e present in686 patients(28.0%)defined by we.ner's CC grade 2,and in 1145 patients(46.7%)by Rentrop grade *** to we.ner's CC grading system,patients with we.l-developed collaterals had a lowe. rate of 5-year cardiac death compared with those with poordeveloped collaterals(1.6%vs.3.3%,P=0.02),those with suboptimal recanalization was associated with higher rate of 5-year cardiac death compared with optimal recanalization(4.7%vs.0.8%,P=0.01)and failure patients(4.7%vs.1.6%,P=0.12).Howe.er,the similar effect was not shown in Rentrop grading *** In patients with the single-vessel CTO underwe.t PCI,we.l-developed collaterals by we.ner's CC definition we.e associated with lowe. rate of 5-year cardiac ***'s CC grading system had a greater prognostic value than Rentrop grading system in patients with CTO underwe.t PCI.

关键词： coronary collateral occlusion

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Clinical practice guidelines for nutritional assessment and monitoring of adult ICU patients in China

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 137-159页

作者： Xiangdong guan Dechang Chen yuan Xu Chinese Society of Critical Care Medicine Department of Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalBeijingChina 不详

The Chinese Society of Critical Care Medicine(CSCCM)has developed clinical practice guidelines for nutrition assessment and monitoring for patients in adult intensive care units(ICUs)in *** guideline focuses on nutrition evaluation and metabolic monitoring to achieve optimal and personalized nutrition therapy for critically ill *** guideline was developed by experts in critical care medicine and evidence-based medicine methodology and was developed after a thorough review of the system and a summary of relevant trials or studies published from 2000 to July 2023.A total of 18 recommendations we.e formed and consensus was reached through discussions and reviews by expert groups in critical care medicine,parenteral and enteral nutrition,and *** recommendations are based on currently available evidence and cover several key fields,including screening and assessment,evaluation and assessment of enteral feeding intolerance,metabolic and nutritional measurement and monitoring during nutrition therapy,and organ function evaluation related to nutrition *** question was analyzed according to the Population,Intervention,Comparison,and Outcome(PICO)*** addition,interpretations we.e provided for four questions that did not reach a consensus but may have potential clinical and research *** plan is to update this nutrition assessment and monitoring guideline using the international guideline update method within 3–5 years.

关键词： Adults Critical illness Intensive care unit Nutriti on Nutriti on assessment and monitoring Guideline Recommendations Chinese Society of Critical Care Medicine-Chinese Medical Association(CSCCM-CMA)

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SARS-CoV-2 immunity in animal models

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 119-133页

作者： Zhao Chen Yaochang yuan Qingtao Hu Airu Zhu Fenghua Chen Shu Li Xin guan Chao Lv Tian Tang Yiyun He Jinling Cheng Jie Zheng Xiaoyu Hu Jingxian Zhao Jincun Zhao Jing Sun State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory DiseaseNational Centre for Respiratory MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Healththe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510182China GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000China guangzhou National Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong 510005China Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Institute for Hepatology National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseaseShenzhen Third People’s Hospitalthe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518005China

The COVID-19 pandemic,which was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has become a worldwide health crisis due to its ***-CoV-2 infection results in severe respiratory illness and can lead to significant complications in affected *** complications encompass symptoms such as coughing,respiratory distress,fever,infectious shock,acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),and even multiple-organ *** models serve as crucial tools for investigating pathogenic mechanisms,immune responses,immune escape mechanisms,antiviral drug development,and vaccines against ***,various animal models for SARS-CoV-2 infection,such as nonhuman primates(NHPs),ferrets,hamsters,and many different mouse models,have been *** model possesses distinctive features and *** this review,we.elucidate the immune response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients and provide an overview of the characteristics of various animal models mainly used for SARS-CoV-2 infection,as we.l as the corresponding immune responses and applications of these models.A comparative analysis of transcriptomic alterations in the lungs from different animal models revealed that the K18-hACE2 and mouse-adapted virus mouse models exhibited the highest similarity with the deceased COVID-19 ***,we.highlighted the current gaps in related research betwe.n animal model studies and clinical investigations,underscoring lingering scientific questions that demand further clarification.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 animal models immune response

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Highly efficient discovery of the covalent Minhibitors from crude Pu-erh tea by integrating biochemical and chemoproteomic approaches

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Food Science and Human we.lness 2024年

作者： guang-Hao Zhu Ya-Ni Zhang Sheng-Lan Qi Jian-Rong Xu yuan Xiong Zhao-Qin Zhang Xi-Xiang Chen yuan-yuan Xie Xiao-Qing guan we.-Dong Zhang we. Liu guang-Bo Ge Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology， Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research， Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

The main proteases (Mpros) are hydrolases playing essential roles in the replication of β-coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2. Herein， a highly efficient strategy was developed for discovering the Mproinactivators from crude plant extract integrating target-based biochemical assay and chemoproteomic approaches. Firstly， Pu-erh tea was found to potently suppress SARS-CoV-2 Mproin a time-dependent manner. Next， global chemical analysis coupling with peptide-modification profiling we.e used to identify the cysteine-modified constituents in Pu-erh tea. The results suggested that seven constituents in Pu-erh tea could modify SARS-CoV-2 Mpro， which turned out that epigallocatechin， gallocatechin and gallic acid we.e the most efficacious Mproinactivators. Further investigations demonstrated that epigallocatechin and gallocatechin could inactivate SARS-CoV-2 Mprovia blocking the formation of the homodimers. Collectively， this work proposed a novel and practical strategy for highly efficient discovery of time-dependent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mprofrom plant extracts， while three constituents in Pu-erh tea have emerged as robust SARS-CoV-2 Mproinactivators.

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Analysis of Bright Source Hardness Ratios in the 4 yr Insight-HXMT Galactic Plane Scanning Survey Catalog

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期24卷 154-170页

作者： Chen Wang Jin-yuan Liao Ju guan yuan Liu Cheng-Kui Li Na Sai Jing Jin Shuang-Nan Zhang Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Astronomy School of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China WHU-NAOC Joint Center for Astronomy Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

we.conduct a statistical analysis of the hardness ratio(HR)for bright sources in the 4 yr Galactic Plane Scanning Survey catalog of *** on the stable(variable)flux F_(s)(F_(v))or spectrum S_(s)(S_(v))of each source,the bright sources are classified into three groups:F_(v)&S_(v),F_(v)&S_(s),and F_(s)&_(s).Our study of the HR characteristics in different types of sources reveals that accretion-powe.ed neutron star(NS)low-mass X-ray binaries(LMXBs)exhibit softer energy spectra than NS high-mass X-ray binaries(HMXBs),but harder energy spectra than black hole binaries in most *** difference is probably due to their different magnetic field ***,Fv&Sv LMXBs tend to be harder than Fv&Ss LMXBs below 7 keV,while the opposite is true for *** results suggest that LMXBs may dominate unclassified sources,and NS binaries are likely to be the primary type of X-ray binaries with ambiguous compact *** comparing the HR of transient sources in their outburst and low-flux states,it is found that the averaged HR of four sources in the two states are roughly comparable within *** also investigate the spatial properties of the three groups and find that Fv&Sv sources are mainly located in the longitude of-20°

关键词： catalogs-surveys-methods data analysis-X-rays general

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Enantioselective copper-catalyzed dearomative borylative cyclization of indoles and mechanistic insights

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Yanfei Li Xuetao Li Zheng Zhang Yiliang Zhang Xiuping yuan Jianjun Yin Simin Wang we. guan Qian Zhang Tao Xiong Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Normal University Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Alicyclic nitrogen heterocycles, such as enantioenriched polycyclic fused [1,2-a]indoline derivatives, are widespread in natural products, agrochemicals and pharmaceutical agents. Existing methods predominantly rely on the recent emerging Heck-type catalytic asymmetric dearomatization（CADA） protocol, wherein noble palladium catalysts commonly necessitate the form arylPd species-triggered these transformations. In contrast, a more sustainable base metal catalysis paradigm through alkyl metal species disrupting the aromaticity, that is, the utilization of challenging asymmetric Csp3–Csp3bond formation entry to such important chiral densely functionalized polycyclic molecular scaffolds, remains an elusive task. Herein, we.report the first copper-catalyzed dearomative borylative cyclization of indoles under mild reaction conditions, affording an array of valuable Bpin-containing pyrrolo-fused [1,2-a]indolines bearing four consecutive stereogenic centers with excellent enantioand diastereoselectivity. The synthetic potential was documented via an array of useful transformations. Density functional theory（DFT） calculation studies elucidated the origin of the chemo-, regio-, enantio-and diastereoselectivities of this conversion.

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Small molecule deoxynyboquinone triggers alkylation and ubiquitination of Keap1 at Cys489 on Kelch domain for Nrf2 activation and inflammatory therapy

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第3期14卷 401-415页

作者： Ke-Gang Linghu Tian Zhang guang-Tao Zhang Peng Lv we.-Jun Zhang guan-Ding Zhao Shi-Hang Xiong Qiu-Shuo Ma Ming-Ming Zhao Meiwan Chen yuan-Jia Hu Chang-Sheng Zhang Hua Yu State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao SARChina Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao SARChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia MedicaRNAM Center for Marine MicrobiologySouth China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510301China State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants&School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang550025China

Activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1)alkylation plays a central role in anti-inflammatory ***,activators of Nrf2 through alkylation of Keap1-Kelch domain have not been ***(DNQ)is a natural small molecule discovered from marine *** current study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of DNQ via alkylation of *** exhibited significant anti-inflammatory properties both in vitro and in *** pharmacophore responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of DNQ was determined to be theα,β-unsaturated amides moieties by a chemical reaction betwe.n DNQ and *** exerted anti-inflammatory effects through activation of Nrf2/ARE ***1 was demonstrated to be the direct target of DNQ and bound with DNQ through conjugate addition reaction involving *** specific alkylation site of DNQ on Keap1 for Nrf2 activation was elucidated with a synthesized probe in conjunction with liquid chromatography-tandem mass *** triggered the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of Keap1 by alkylation of the cysteine residue 489(Cys489)on Keap1-Kelch domain,ultimately enabling the activation of *** findings revealed that DNQ exhibited potent anti-inflammatory capacity throughα,β-unsaturated amides moieties active group which specifically activated Nrf2 signal pathway via alkylation/ubiquitination of Keap1-Kelch domain,suggesting the potential values of targeting Cys489 on Keap1-Kelch domain by DNQ-like small molecules in inflammatory therapies.

关键词： Deoxynyboquinone Anti-inflammation Target Keap1/Nrf2 Alkylation Ubiquitination

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Mental health and insomnia problems in healthcare workers after the COVID-19 pandemic:A multicenter cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第5期14卷 704-714页

作者： we. Ding Min-Zhong Wang Xian-we. Zeng Zhen-Hua Liu Yao Meng Hui-Ting Hu yuan Zhang Yu-guang guan Fan-Gang Meng Jian-Guo Zhang Shu Wang Department of Public Health Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250021Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina Sleep Medicine Center Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250021Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250014Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Heze Mudan People’s HospitalHeze 274000Shandong ProvinceChina Neonatal Center Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China Department of Neurosurgery SanBo Brain HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100093China Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China

BACKGROUND Healthcare workers(HCWs)are at increased risk of contracting coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)as we.l as worsening mental health problems and *** problems can persist for a long period,even after the ***,less is known about this *** To analyze mental health,insomnia problems,and their influencing factors in HCWs after the COVID-19 *** This multicenter cross-sectional,hospital-based study was conducted from June 1,2023 to June 30,2023,which was a half-year after the end of the COVID-19 ***-stratified population-based cluster sampling was applied at the provincial level for Chinese *** such as anxiety,depression,and insomnia we.e evaluated by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7,Patient Health Questionnaire-9,and Insomnia Severity *** influencing the symptoms we.e identified by multivariable logistic *** A total of 2000 participants we.e invited,for a response rate of 70.6%.A total of 1412 HCWs[618(43.8%)doctors,583(41.3%)nurses and 211(14.9%)nonfrontline],254(18.0%),231(16.4%),and 289(20.5%)had symptoms of anxiety,depression,and insomnia,respectively;severe symptoms we.e found in 58(4.1%),49(3.5%),and 111(7.9%)of the ***,female sex,and hospitalization for COVID-19 we.e risk factors for anxiety,depression,and insomnia symptoms;moreover,death from family or friends was a risk factor for insomnia *** the COVID-19 outbreak,most[1086(76.9%)]of the participating HCWs received psychological interventions,while nearly all[994(70.4%)]of them had received public psychological *** 102(7.2%)of the HCWs received individual counseling from *** Although the mental health and sleep problems of HCWs we.e relieved after the COVID-19 pandemic,they still faced challenges and greater risks than did the general *** risk factors would help in providing targeted *** addition,although a major proportion of

关键词： COVID-19 Mental health Psychological symptoms Insomnia Sleep disorders Cross-sectional study Epidemiological study

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Melatonin decreases GSDME mediated mesothelial cell pyroptosis and prevents peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration failure

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 360-378页

作者： Hongxia Ruan Xuejuan Li Lina Zhou Zihan Zheng Rulin Hua Xu Wang yuan Wang Yujie Fan Shuwe. Guo Lihua Wang Shafiq ur Rahman Ziwe. Wang Yuyuan we. Shuangyan Yu Rongzhi Zhang Qian Cheng Jie Sheng Xue Li Xiaoyan Liu Ruqiang yuan Xiaoyan Zhang Lihong Chen Guowang Xu Youfei guan Jing Nie Hongqiang Qin Feng Zheng Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China Department of Nephrology Second HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalian 116023China CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Chongqing International Institute for Immunology Chongqing 401320China Department of Nephrology Shenzhen HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhen 518101China Wuhu Hospital and Health Science Center East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Peking University First Hospital Peking UniversityBeijing 100034China

Peritoneal fibrosis together with increased capillaries is the primary cause of peritoneal dialysis *** cell loss is an initiating event for peritoneal *** find that the elevated glucose concentrations in peritoneal dialysate drive mesothelial cell pyroptosis in a manner dependent on caspase-3 and Gasdermin E,driving downstream inflammatory responses,including the activation of ***,pyroptosis is associated with elevated vascular endothelial growth factor A and C,two key factors in vascular angiogenesis and lymphatic vessel *** deficiency mice are protected from high glucose induced peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration *** of melatonin abrogates mesothelial cell pyroptosis through a MT1R-mediated action,and successfully reduces peritoneal fibrosis and angiogenesis in an animal model while preserving dialysis ***,melatonin treatment maintains mitochondrial integrity in mesothelial cells,meanwhile activating m TOR signaling through an increase in the glycolysis product dihydroxyacetone *** effects together with quenching free radicals by melatonin help mesothelial cells maintain a relatively stable internal environment in the face of high-glucose ***,Melatonin treatment holds some promise in preserving mesothelium integrity and in decreasing angiogenesis to protect peritoneum function in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

关键词： melatonin mitochondria pyroptosis GSDME peritoneal fibrosis mTOR

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