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Emerging roles of the intestine in control of cholesterol metabolism

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第40期12卷 6429-6439页

作者： Janine k kruit Albert k groen Theo J van Berkel Folkert kuipers Department of Pediatrics Center for Liver Digestive and Metabolic Diseases University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands Department of Experimental Hepatology Academic Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Division of Biopharmaceutics Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands

The liver is considered the major “control center” for maintenance of whole body cholesterol homeostasis. This organ is the main site for de novo cholesterol synthesis, clears cholesterol-containing chylomicron remnants and low density lipoprotein particles from plasma and is the major contributor to high density lipoprotein (HDL; good cholesterol) formation. The liver has a central position in the classical definition of the reverse cholesterol transport pathway by taking up periphery-derived cholesterol from lipoprotein particles followed by conversion into bile acids or its direct secretion into bile for eventual removal via the feces. During the past couple of years, however, an additional important role of the intestine in maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis and regulation of plasma cholesterol levels has become apparent. Firstly, molecular mechanisms of cholesterol absorption have been elucidated and novel pharmacological compounds have been identified that interfere with the process and positively impact plasma cholesterol levels. Secondly, it is now evident that the intestine itself contributes to fecal neutral sterol loss as a cholesterol-secreting organ. Finally, very recent work has unequivocally demonstrated that the intestine contributes significantly to plasma HDL cholesterol levels. Thus, the intestine is a potential target for novel anti-atherosclerotic treatment strategies that, in addition to interference with cholesterol absorption, modulate direct cholesterol excretion and plasma HDL cholesterol levels.

关键词： Cholesterol metabolism Intestine High density lipoprotein Cholesterol absorption Reverse cholesterol transport

Collaborative multi-agent reinforcement learning based on experience propagation

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2013年第4期24卷 683-689页

作者： Min Fang Frans C.A. groen School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam

For multi-agent reinforcement learning in Ma.k.v games, knowledge extraction and sharing are key research problems. State list extracting means to calculate the optimal shared state path from state trajectories with cycles. A state list extracting algorithm checks cyclic state lists of a current state in the state trajectory, condensing the optimal action set of the current state. By reinforcing the optimal action selected, the action policy of cyclic states is optimized gradually. The state list extracting is repeatedly learned and used as the experience knowledge which is shared by teams. Agents speed up the rate of convergence by experience sharing. Competition games of preys and predators are used for the experiments. The results of experiments prove that the proposed algorithms overcome the la.k.of experience in the initial stage, speed up learning and improve the performance.

关键词： multi-agent Q learning state list extracting experience sharing.

Habitat requirements of Boreal Owl(Aegolius funereus)and Pygmy Owl(Glaucidium passerinum)in rear edge montane populations on the Ba.k.n Peninsula

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Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 175-182页

作者： Boris P.Nikolov Tzvetan Zlatanov Thomas groen Stoyan Stoyanov Iva Hristova-Nikolova Manfred J.Lexer Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 2 Yuri Gagarin Str.SfiaBulgaria Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC)University of Twente Hengelosestraat 99 7514AEEnschedethe Netherlands University of Forestry 10Sv.Kliment Ohridski Blvd.SofiaBulgaria Biota Films Ltd. 51 Prof.Kiril Popov Str.SofiaBulgaria University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Peter-Jordan-Str.82ViennaAustria

Rear-edge populations of montane species are known to be vulnerable to environmental change,which could affect them by habitat reduction and *** requirements of two cold-adapted boreo-alpine owl species—Boreal Owl(Aegolius funereus)and Pygmy Owl(Glaucidium passerinum)—have been studied in refugial montane populations in the western Rhodopes,South *** on owl presence and forest stand attributes recorded in situ have been used to identify significant predictors for owl *** results revealed Boreal Owl’s preference for comparatively dense forests(high canopy closure values),big trees(diameter at breast height≥50 cm)and large amount of fallen dead wood in penultimate stage of *** Pygmy Owl the only significant explanatory variable was the total amount of fallen dead *** suggest preference of both owl species for forests with structural elements typical of old-growth forests(i.e.,veteran trees,deadwood),the Pygmy Owl being less prone to inhabit managed *** at the rear edge of their Palearctic breeding range in Europe both Boreal and Pygmy Owls are of high conservation value on the Ba.k.n ***,additional efforts are needed for their conservation in the light of climate change and resulting alteration of forest structural *** findings can be used for adjusting forest management practices in order to ensure both,sustainable profit from timber and continuous species survival.

关键词： Forest management Habitat requirements Owls Refugial populations

A Quantitative Phosphoproteome Analysis of cGMP-Dependent Cellular Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2016年第4期9卷 621-623页

作者： Claudius Marondedze Arnoud J. groen Ludivine Thomas kathryn S. Lilley Chris Gehring Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry Cambridge Centre for Proteomics Cambridge Systems Biology Centre University of Cambridge Tennis Court Road Cambridge CB2 1QR UK Bioscience Core Laboratory Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Dear Editor,The second messenger cyclic nucleotide 3＇,5＇-cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP） is increasingly recognized as a.k.y signaling molecule that mediates many physiological and developmental processes in... 详细信息

关键词： cGMP 蛋白质组分磷酸化拟南芥反应细胞环磷酸鸟苷环核苷酸

Cathepsin D overexpression in the nervous system rescues lethality and Aβ42 accumulation of cathepsin D systemic knockout in vivo

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第10期13卷 4172-4184页

作者： Xiaosen Ouyang Willayat Y.Wani Gloria A.Benavides Matthew J.Redmann Hai Vo Thomas van groen Victor M.Darley-Usmar Jianhua Zhang Department of Pathology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Department of Cell Developmental and Integrative BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Birmingham VA Medical Center University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA

The lysosome is responsible for protein and organelle degradation and homeostasis and the cathepsins play a.k.y role in maintaining protein quality *** D(CTSD),is one such lysosomal protease,which when deficient in humans lead to neurolipofuscinosis(NCL)and is important in removing toxic protein *** studies demonstrated that CTSD germ-line knockout-CtsdkO(CDkO)resulted in accumulation of protein aggregates,decreased proteasomal activities,and postnatal lethality on Day 26±*** of wildtype CTSD,but not cathepsin B,L or mutant CTSD,decreased a-synuclein toxicity in worms and mammalian *** this study we generated a mouse line expressing human CTSD with a floxed STOP cassette between the ubiquitous CAG promoter and the *** crossing with Nestin-cre,the STOP cassette is deleted in NESTIN+cells to allow CTSD overexpression-CTSDtg(CDtg).The CDtg mice exhibited normal behavior and similar sensitivity to subchronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)induced *** breeding CDtg mice with CDkO mice,we found that over-expression of CTSD extended the lifespan of the CDkO mice,partially rescued proteasomal deficits and the accumulation of Aβ42 in the *** new transgenic mouse provides supports for the key role of CTSD in protecting against proteotoxicity and offers a new model to study the role of CTSD enhancement in vivo.

关键词： Cathepsin D transgenic mouse Mitochondrial bioenergetics Apoptosis Cathepsin D knockout mice Dopamine Autophagy Lysosome Life expectancy Behavior

Mental Health Literacy of University Students in Vietnam and Cambodia

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2022年第3期24卷 439-456页

作者： Anja Dessauvagie Hoang-Minh Dang Tuyet Truong Thu Nguyen Bich Hong Nguyen Huong Cao Socheata.k.m Gunter groen Hamburg University of Applied Sciences Department of Social WorkHamburgGermany VNU University of Education Center for ResearchInformation and Service in Psychology(CRISP)HanoiVietnam Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Advanced Education Programs OfficeThai Nguyen CityVietnam VNU-HCM University of Social Sciences and Humanities Faculty of EducationHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Thai Nguyen University of Economics and Business Administration Faculty of EconomicsThai Nguyen CityVietnam Vinh University of Technology Education Department of Scientific Management and International PartnershipsVinh CityVietnam Paragon International University Department of Business AdministrationPhnom PenhCambodia

Mental health literacy(MHL)refers to knowledge and attitudes that shape the recognition,management,and prevention of mental *** the topic has been exhaustively researched in Western countries,research from Southeast Asia still is *** studies in this field showed a moderate recognition of mental disorders,a high prevalence of stigmatizing attitudes and a low willingness to seek professional help among Southeastern-Asian *** study explored the level of MHL among university students from different parts of Vietnam and *** with influencing factors(gender,age,study year,educational attainment of the parents,urban/rural origin,ethnicity,personal experiences with mental disorders)were also *** online survey,using a 30-item Vietnamese version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale(MHLS),was conducted at six university sites in Vietnam and *** of 1032 students from different study branches were *** MHL of Vietnamese and Cambodian university students was lower,compared to samples from Australia or the *** and students with a personal experience of mental disorders(self or family)showed a significantly higher *** differences in MHL were found between students from different socioeconomic ba.k.rounds(professional attainment of parents,urban/rural origin).Findings on the influence of ethnicity were *** needs to be improved among the university students of Vietnam and *** health promotion should specifically target male students,students from STEM branches,and international students.

关键词： Help-seeking mental disorders mental health literacy Southeastern Asia stigma university students

How to Stimulate the Water and Agriculture Nexus？

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2017年第7期6卷 362-369页

作者： Rob van der Veeren Diederik van der Molen Siep groen Rijkswaterstaat Lelystad 8200 AA The Netherlands Ministry oflnfrastructure and Water Management The Hague 2500 EX The Netherlands Ministry of Agriculture Nature and Food Quality The Hague 2500 EK The Netherlands

Water and agriculture are interlinked： water is indispensable for agricultural production and agricultural production results in emissions of nutrients and other substances to surfacewater and groundwater. However, not only in physical terms are water and agriculture interlinked, there are also strong links between water and agricultural policies. This paper focuses on European National Policies on water and agriculture. Agricultural practices are primarily regulated by European Agricultural Policies, such as the Nitrate Directive, Directive 2009/128/EC on sustainable use of pesticides and the Common Agricultural Policies. The achievement of the objectives for nutrients and pesticides of European water related policies, such as the Drinking Water Directive and the Water Framework Directive, depends on agricultural practices. Therefore, for an effective and efficient implementation of sustainable policies on both agriculture and water, it is necessary to make sure that the targets and instruments of the two policy areas are properly aligned. Current practices show that this is not yet the case; so, there is room for improvement. This paper highlights steps needed to improve cooperation between these two policy domains and discusses first steps already taken at the European level. In addition, some examples of Dutch National Initiatives resulting from a dialogue between farmers and water managers with the aim of combining the objectives of water and agricultural policies and interests are presented.

关键词： European Policies agriculture water.

Methods of computed tomography screening and management of lung cancer in Tianjin: design of a population-based cohort study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第1期16卷 181-188页

作者： Yihui Du Yingru Zhao Grigory Sidorenkov Geertruida H.de Bock Xiaonan Cui Yubei Huang Monique D.Dorrius Mieneke Rook Harry J.M.groen Marjolein A.Heuvelmans Rozemarijn Vliegenthart kexin Chen Xueqian Xie Shiyuan Liu Matthijs Oudkerk Zhaoxiang Ye Department of Epidemiology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Center for Medical Imaging-North East Netherlands University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Department of Radiology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer Department of Radiology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Department of Radiology Martini Hospital Department of Pulmonary Diseases University of Groningen University Medical Centre Groningen Medisch Spectrum Twente Department of Pulmonology Department of Radiology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Radiology Shanghai Changzheng Hospital The Second Military Medical University Shanghai

Objective: European lung cancer screening studies using computed tomography(CT) have shown that a management protocol based on measuring lung nodule volume and volume doubling time(VDT) is more specific for early lung cancer detection than a diameter-based protocol. However, whether this also applies to a Chinese population is unclear. The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic performance of a volume-based protocol with a diameter-based protocol for lung cancer detection and optimize the nodule management criteria for a Chinese ***: This study has a population-based, prospective cohort design and includes 4000 participants from the Hexi district of Tianjin, China. Participants will undergo low-dose chest CT at baseline and after 1 year. Initially, detected lung nodules will be evaluated for diameter and managed according to a routine diameter-based protocol(Clinical Practice Guideline in Oncology for Lung Cancer Screening, Version 2.2018). Subsequently, lung nodules will be evaluated for volume and management will be simulated according to a volume-based protocol and VDT(a European lung nodule management protocol). Participants will be followed up for 4 years to evaluate lung cancer incidence and mortality. The primary outcome is the diagnostic performance of the European volume-based protocol compared to diameter-based management regarding lung nodules detected using low-dose ***: The diagnostic performance of volume-and diameter-based management for lung nodules in a Chinese population will be estimated and ***: Through the study, we expect to improve the management of lung nodules and early detection of lung cancer in Chinese populations.

关键词： Lung cancer lung nodules screening computed tomography China

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新技术开发与评估

科学学译丛 1990年第3期 68-74页

作者： Vergr.,P groen.,P