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Computed tomography-based diagnostics might be insufficient in the determination of pancreatic cancer unresectability

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2013年第4期5卷 83-96页

作者： Vyacheslav I Egorov Roman V Petrov Elena n Solodinina gregory G Karmazanovsky natalia S Starostina natalia A Kuruschkina Department of Surgical Oncology Ostroumov 14th City Hospital Sechenov First State Medical University Department of Surgical Oncology Ostroumov 14th City Hospital Department of Endoscopy Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery Department of Radiology Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery

AIM: To inquire into a question of an overestimation of arterial involvement in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). METHODS: Radiology data were compared with the findings from 51 standard, 58 extended and 17 total pancreaticoduodenectomies; 9 distal resections with celiac artery (CA) excision; and 28 palliations for PC. The survival of 11 patients with controversial computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic ultrasound data with regard to arterial invasion, after R0/R1 procedures (false-positive CT results, Group A), was compared to survival after eight R2 resections (false-negative CT results, Group B) and after 12 bypass procedures for locally advanced cancer (true-positive CT results, Group C).RESULTS: In all of the cases in group A, operative exploration revealed no arterial invasion, which was predicted by CT. The one-year survival in Group A was 88.9%, and the two-year survival was 26.7%, with a median follow-up of 22 mo. One-year survival was not attained in groups B and C, with a significant difference in survival (P a-b = 0.0029, P b-c = 0.003).COnCLUSIOn: Arterial encasement on CT does not necessarily indicate arterial invasion. Whenever PC is considered unresectable, endoUS should be used. In patients with controversial CT an EUS data for peripan-creatic arteries involvement radical resection might be possible, providing survival benefits as compared to R2-resections or palliative surgery.

关键词： Vascular invasion Cancer Pancreas Management Pancreaticoduodenectomy Distal pancreatectomy Computed tomography Endoscopic ultrasound Arteries Resectability

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Serum trimethylamine-n-oxide and gut microbiome alterations are associated with cholesterol deposition in the liver of laying hens fed with rapeseed meal

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Animal nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1258-1270页

作者： Liping Zhu Jianping Wang Xuemei Ding Shiping Bai Qiufeng Zeng Yue Xuan gregory S.Fraley Keying Zhang Animal nutrition Institute Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of ChinaMinistry of EducationSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan611130China Department of Biology Hope CollegeHollandMI49423USA

Sinapine derived from cruciferous plants could be converted into trimethylamine by intestinal microbiota.Its metabolite,trimethylamine n-oxide(TMAO),is closely linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and fat deposition in mammals.Hens fed with rapeseed meal(RSM)suffered from fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome(FLHS).This study was conducted to investigate whether RSM-induced fatty liver is due to TMAO via altering microbiota composition and diversity.At 33 weeks of age,600 laying hens were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups,namely control and 14%RSM treatment groups(DY5,with 16.2% erucic acid [EA]and 74.66% glucosinolate[Gl]contents;MB1,with 3.50% EA and 43.23 %Gl contents;DY6,with 6.7% EA and 22.67% Gl contents;XH3,with 44.60% EA and 132.83% Gl contents)for 8 weeks.Results revealed that 3 hens died due to liver hemorrhage after ingesting 14% RSM diet.The 14% RSM decreased serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)content(Pnded to increase serum TMAO content compared to the control group(P=0.08).The 14% RSM diet increased red oil O optical density(Pnd increased total cholesterol(TC)and LDL-C content in the liver(Pnd Pntent compared to the control(Pntent in the liver than the XH3(PnA abundance of liver X receptors alpha(LXR-α,P=0.01),and increased mRnA abundance of sterol response element binding protein 2(SREBP-2,P=0.04).Results revealed that the in-feed RSM could alter richness and diversity of cecal microbiota compared to the control(Pntent and serum TMAO showed a negative relationship with Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria(P=0.04).In conclusion,14%RSM increased liver TC and induced high liver score of FLHS,which was possibly associated with the altered cecal microbiota composition,increased serum TMAO levels and LXR-αand SREBP-2 expressions.

关键词： Sinapine Expeller rapeseed meal Trimethylamine n-oxide Liver lipid Cecum microbiota Laying hen

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Prevalence of malaria and lymphatic filariasis in bateyes of the Dominican Republic

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第3期8卷 43-55页

作者： Hunter M.Keys gregory S.noland Madsen Beau De Rochars Stephen Blount Manuel Gonzales Department of Anthropology University of AmsterdamBuilding B-REC B 8.01Nieuwe Achtergracht 1661018WVAmsterdamThe Netherlands The Carter Center 453 Freedom ParkwayAtlantaGA 30307USA Health Services Research Management and Policy DepartmentUniversity of Florida1225 Center DriveHPNP 3101GainesvilleFL 32611USA Center for Prevention and Control of Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases Av.Juan Pablo Duarte No.26910301 Santo DomingoDominican Republic

Background:The island of Hispaniola,shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic(DR),is the only remaining malaria-endemic island in the Caribbean and accounts for 95%of the lymphatic filariasis(LF)burden in the Americas.Both countries aim to eliminate the diseases by 2020.Migration from Haiti,where both diseases are more prevalent,may promote transmission in the DR.Historically,Haitian migrant labourers live in rural Dominican agricultural'company towns'called boteyes,many of which received mass drug administration(MDA)for LF elimination.This study sought to determine the prevalence of malaria and LF in bateyes of the DR and to describe related risk faaors for disease.Methods:From March to April 2016,a cross-seaional,cluster survey was conduaed across Dominican boteyes stratified into three regions:southwest,north and east.A household questionnaire(n=776),captured demographics,ethnic origin,mobility patterns,malaria intervention coverage,and knowledge,and recent fever and treatment-seeking.Two individuals per household(n=1418)were tested for malaria parasites by microscopy and rapid diagnostic test(RDT)and LF antigen by filariasis test strip(FTS).Population-level estimates and confidence intervals(Cl)were computed adjusting for the survey design.Two-sided Hests compared differences in knowledge scores.Results:no(0%)blood sample was Plosm odium-positw e by microscopy or RDT.Six individuals were FTS-positive(0.5%;95%CI:0.2-1.5),but none(0%)of these were microfllariae-positive.Most botey residents were born in the DR(57.8%),documented(85.0%),and permanent residents(85.1%).Very few respondents(9.4%)reported travel to Haiti in the past year.Overall,half(53.8%)of respondents owned a bed net,and 82.3%of net owners reported using it the previous night.Indoor residual spraying(IRS)differed by region(range:4.7%-61.2%).Most of those with recent fever sought care(56.0%),yet only 30.5%of those seeking care were tested for malaria.Compared to Dominican-born populations,Haitian-born respondents more frequently reported recent fe

关键词： Dominican Republic Haiti Malaria Lymphatic filariasis Elimination Migrant

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Development of environmental niche models for use in underwater vehicle navigation

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2020年第2期2卷 67-77页

作者： Michael Fitzpatrick gregory MReis Jacob Anderson Leonardo Bobadilla Wesam Al Sabban Ryan nSmith Physics&Engineering Fort Lewis CollegeDurangoCOUSA Computer Science Oregon State UniversityCorvalisORUSA Computer Science Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA Computer&Information Systems Umm Al Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia

This paper presents a review of Environmental niche Modeling and a methodology for isolating the environmental niche of an aquatic species,given that prior information is available for characterising the physical tolerances for that species.To test and demonstrate our methodology,the environmental niche of the kelp bass has been isolated within Big Fisherman's Cove,Santa Catalina Island,CA,at specific confidence intervals.The motivation for this examination is to demonstrate the utility of ecological analysis in Robotics.Specifically,the utilisation of physical water properties to provide relative navigation and localisation for an aquatic robot.The environmental niches act as navigational landmarks in the seemingly featureless underwater environment.As water patches tend to stick together,this provides persistent landmarks for use in aquatic navigation problems.We provide the background and development of Environmental niche Models,and present results from field trials for solving the navigation and localisation problem for underwater vehicles.Specifically,we provide results from a technique developed by the authors that utilises physical water parameters,e.g.,temperature,salinity,chlorophyll,etc.,to localise an underwater vehicle in a given region.The presented method leverages the concept of Environmental niche Models to provide accurate position estimation that rivals GPS accuracy.

关键词： underwater estimation salinity

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固体激光工艺

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激光与红外 1975年第6期 391-396页

作者： n.P.barnes n.P.barnes 国义

采用1.06或1.33微米运转的nd:YAG振荡放大器装置可达到激光系统有不同波长和每个脉冲有高的能量的要求。本文提出了1.06微米的抑制振荡而取得1.33微米振荡方法。加热问题的解决就能提高激光振荡器的每个脉冲的能量。实现此目的一种方法... 详细信息

采用1.06或1.33微米运转的nd:YAG振荡放大器装置可达到激光系统有不同波长和每个脉冲有高的能量的要求。本文提出了1.06微米的抑制振荡而取得1.33微米振荡方法。加热问题的解决就能提高激光振荡器的每个脉冲的能量。实现此目的一种方法是对闪光灯输出进行光谱滤光。本文提出了1.33微米运转的nd:YAG振荡器所采用的各种滤光片所取得的实验结果。而使用激光放大器则能进一步提高每个脉冲的能量。对圆形和高斯形截面光束都作了放大器对激光脉冲影响的研究。这种研究包括了放大器的饱和、输出脉冲形状变形和输出强度分布变形的各种影响。把分析结果与1.06微米运转的实验nd:YAG放大器作了比较。

关键词：激光放大器 nd 受激发射光放大器激光器激光发射菜塞振荡器激光振荡器激光棒闪光灯泵浦粒子数反转激光能态激光理论激光能级反光镜反射镜光谐振腔激光谐振腔

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Plant Programmed Cell Death Caused by an Autoactive Form of Prf Is Suppressed by Co-Expression of the Prf LRR Domain

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 1058-1067页

作者： Xinran Du Min Miao Xinrong Ma Yongsheng Liu Joseph C. Kuhl gregory B. Martin Fangming Xiao Department of Plant. Soil and Entomoloqical Sciences University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844. USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment College of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academia of Sciences Chengdu 610064 China School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research and Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA

In tomato, the nBARC-LRR resistance （R） protein Prf acts in concert with the Pto or Fen kinase to determine immunity against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato （Pst）. Prf-mediated defense signaling is initiated by the recognition of two sequence-unrelated Pst-secreted effector proteins, AvrPto and AvrPtoB, by tomato Pto or Fen. Prf detects these inter- actions and activates signaling leading to host defense responses including localized programmed cell death （PCD） that is associated with the arrest of Pst growth. We found that Prf variants with single amino acid substitutions at D1416 in the IHD motif （isoleucine-histidine-aspartic acid） in the nBARC domain cause effector-independent PCD when transiently expressed in leaves of nicotiana benthamiana, suggesting D1416 plays an important role in activation of Prf. The n-ter- minal region of Prf （nPrf） and the LRR domain are required for this autoactive Prf cell death signaling but dispensable for accumulation of the PrfD1416V protein. Significantly, co-expression of the Prf LRR but not nPrf, with PrfD1416v, AvrPto/Pto, AvrPtoB/Pto, an autoactive form of Pro （PtoY207D）, or Fen completely suppresses PCD. However, the Prf LRR does not in- terfere with PCD caused by Rpi-blblD475v a distinct R protein-mediated PCD signaling event, or that caused by overex- pression of MAPKKKα, a protein acting downstream of Prf. Furthermore, we found the PrfD1416V protein is unable to accumulate in plant cells when co-expressed with the Prf LRR domain, likely explaining the cell death suppression. The mechanism for the LRR-induced degradation of PrfD1416V is unknown but may involve interference in the intramo- lecular interactions of Prf or to binding of the unattached LRR to other host proteins that are needed for Prf stability.

关键词： nBARC-LRR resistance protein Prf Pto Fen AvrPto AvrPtoB cell death.

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平面尺寸对矩形高层建筑极值风压影响的研究

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振动与冲击 2020年第13期39卷 71-77页

作者：刘奕陈水福 KOPP gregory A 浙江大学建筑工程学院杭州310058 加拿大西安大略大学工程学院安大略省伦敦N6A5B9

为探索平面尺寸对矩形截面高层建筑表面极值风压分布的影响,对长宽比为1~9的建筑进行了风洞测压试验及后续的脉动风压极值分析,研究了正交风向下不同长宽比建筑各表面极值风压的分布特点,并与我国荷载规范的计算值进行了比较,探讨了全... 详细信息

为探索平面尺寸对矩形截面高层建筑表面极值风压分布的影响,对长宽比为1~9的建筑进行了风洞测压试验及后续的脉动风压极值分析,研究了正交风向下不同长宽比建筑各表面极值风压的分布特点,并与我国荷载规范的计算值进行了比较,探讨了全风向角下极值风压包络值在各表面的分布状况及随平面尺寸的变化规律。结果表明,平面尺寸对背风面和侧风面影响较显著,总体而言较小长宽比对极值负压更为不利;我国荷载规范对侧风面和背风面围护结构的风压取值存在诸多偏于不安全的情况。考虑全风向最不利状况的极值风压包络值在墙面分布及随不同平面尺寸变化上均呈现更简单的规律,直接基于包络值分布提出的矩形建筑围护结构风压的取值方法,具有既简便又能更好反映实际风压分布及随平面尺寸变化的-特点。

关键词：平面尺寸极值风压矩形建筑高层建筑荷载规范

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Chemical and Sr-nd compositions and ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar ages of nW-trending dolerite dikes of Burkina Faso: Evidence for a Mesoproterozoic magmatism in the West African Craton

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第6期9卷 1957-1980页

作者： Boukare Tapsoba Ching-Hua Lo Urbain Wenmenga Yoshiyuki Iizuka Sun-Lin Chung gregory Shellnutt Department of Geosciences National Taiwan University UFR-SVT Département de Géologie Université Pr.Joseph Ki-Zerbo de Ouagadougou Institute of Earth Sciences Academia Sinica Department of Earth Sciences National Taiwan Normal University

The Paleoproterozoic basement of the northeastern part of the Leo-Man craton is intruded by generally nW-trending dikes. These regional scale dikes extend over 1000 km in Burkina Faso, Mali and niger. We present chemical and Sr-nd isotope compositions, as well as 40 Ar/39 Ar ages of these dikes with the following strikes n98°-n112°, and n114°-n124° in nE Burkina Faso. Field relationships show that the dikes are posterior to all other rock types dated between 2.26 Ga and 2.0 Ga. Chemical data indicate that the dikes are continental flood basalts and composed of low-Ti(TiO2 ≤ 2 wt.%) sub-alkaline basalts and andesites. They exhibit a minor negative Europium anomaly(0.86-0.99) and slightly fractionated REE patterns((La/Yb)_n= 2.5-9.1; Yb_n = 9.5-19.9). The ratios of Th/Ta(1.3-11.4) and Ce/Pb(5.2-58.5)suggest a varying crustal assimilation of the dike magmas during ascent in the continental crust for all studied samples. Calculated P-T conditions indicate that the magma reached temperatures of 1285 ℃(calculated from olivine compositions) and pressures of 6.9 kbar(calculated for pyroxene minerals).Calculated initial 87 Sr/86 Sr(0.70040-0.70260) and ε_(nd)(t)=+2.1 to-3.5 at 1575 Ma,also point to a crustal contamination with the most primitive samples showing T_(DM) values of 1946 Ma and 2154 Ma. The low values of La/Ba(nd nb/La(ntrast with the low Th/nb(nd suggest a lithospheric mantle or subduction-modified mantle as possible source for the dikes. Sr-nd data, Mg# and nbTa-Zr-Y-Th-Tb-Yb compositions further suggest that the most primitive samples were emplaced in a none orogenic setting and their magmas were subjected to variable crustal contaminations. Literature and the present whole rock 40 Ar/39 Ar age determinations show that the dikes were emplaced during a widespread Mesoproterozoic magmatism between 1.6 Ga and 1.2 Ga, and were affected by a thermal event causing the argon systematics resetting, best constrained by the date of sample KK1(1236 ± 20 Ma,^(40)Ar/^(36)Ar = 294 ±13, MSWD = 2.2)

关键词： Mafic dike swarm Depleted mantle Mesoproterozoic Continental tholeiites nuna West African Craton

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Microdialysis in awake macaque monkeys for central nervous system pharmacokinetics

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2018年第4期1卷 314-321页

作者： Thibaud Thiollier Caisheng Wu gregory Porras Erwan Bezard Qin Li Jinlan Zhang Hugues Contamin Cynbiose Marcy l'Etoile Université de Bordeaux Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CnRS Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Motac neuroscience Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences China Academy of Medical Sciences

Background: The brain bioavailability of novel small molecules developed to address central nervous system disease is classically documented through ex vivo or in vivo analyses conducted in rodent models. Data acquired in rodent models are, however,not easily transferrable to human as the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics profiles of the species are quite different.Methods: Using drugs selected for their differential transport across the blood-brain barrier, we here demonstrate the feasibility of brain microdialysis in normal vigil macaque monkey by measuring brain extracellular fluid bioavailability of carbamazepine, digoxin, oxycodone, and quinidine.Results: All drugs, but digoxin, were found in dialysate samples. Drugs that are substrate of P-glycoprotein show a difference of bioavailability or brain pharmacokinetic parameters between rodents and primates.Conclusion: Data suggest that brain microdialysis in vigil macaque monkey, the species of choice for classic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics studies could help predicting human brain bioavailability of a small molecule depending on the protein involved in the efflux transport from the brain.

关键词： awake bioavailability blood brain barrier brain central nervous system crossing methods microdialysis non-human primate pharmacokinetic

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Ultrafast antiferromagnet rearrangement in Co/IrMn/CoGd trilayers

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第8期32卷 109-114页

作者：郭宗夏 gregory Malinowski Pierre Vallobra 彭懿许涌 Stéphane Mangin 赵巍胜 Michel Hehn 张博宇 Fert Beijing Institute School of Integrated Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Universitéde Lorraine CNRSIJLNancy54011 France Hefei Innovation Research Institute Beihang UniversityHefei 230012China

Antiferromagnets offer great potential for high-speed data processing applications,as they can expend spintronic devices from a static storage and gigahertz frequency range to the terahertz range.However,their zero net magnetization makes them difficult to manipulate and detect.In recent years,there has been a lot of attention given to the ultrafast manipulation of magnetic order using ultra-short single laser pulses,but it remains unknown whether a similar scenario can be observed in antiferromagnets.In this work,we demonstrate the manipulation of antiferromagnets with a single femtosecond laser pulse in perpendicular exchange-biased Co/Ir Mn/Co Gd trilayers.We study the dual exchange bias interlayer interaction in quasi-static conditions and competition in ultrafast antiferromagnet rearrangement.Our results show that,compared to conventional ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic systems,the Ir Mn antiferromagnet can be ultrafast and efficiently manipulated by the coupled Co Gd ferrimagnetic layer,which paves the way for potential energy-efficient spintronic devices.

关键词： antiferromagnet ferrimagnet exchange bias all-optical switching

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