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Suicidal behavior-advances in clinical and neurobiological research and improvement of prevention strategies

World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第9期12卷 1115-1126页

作者： Thomas Sobanski gregor peikert Ulrich W Kastner Gerd Wagner Department of Psychiatry Psychotherapyand Psychosomatic MedicineTHUERINGEN-Kliniken GmbHSaalfeld 07318Germany Network for Suicide Prevention in Thuringia(NeST) Jena 07743Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital JenaJena 07743Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Helios Fachkliniken HildburghausenHildburghausen 98646Germany

Suicide is the 14^(th)leading cause of death *** is responsible for 1%-5%of all *** article highlights the latest developments in universal,selective,and indicated prevention *** universal suicide prevention,current research has shown that strategies such as restricting access to lethal means(e.g.,control of analgesics and hot-spots for suicide by jumping)and school-based awareness programs are most *** selective prevention,substantial progress can be expected in psychological screening methods for suicidal *** measurement of implicit cognition proved to be more valid in predicting future suicide attempts than classic clinical *** developments are smartphone-based interventions and realtime monitoring of suicidal *** effort has been made to establish valid neurobiological screening methods(e.g.,genetic and epigenetic risk factors for suicide,hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis)without yielding a major ***,multiple biomarkers rather than a single one are necessary to identify individuals at *** regard to indicated prevention in form of psychopharmacological treatment,recent pharmacoepidemiological studies and meta-analyses have supported a protective role of antidepressants,lithium,and ***,the data concerning a specific anti-suicidal effect of these drugs are currently not *** results exist for ketamine in reducing suicidal ideation,independently of its antidepressant *** psychotherapy,recent findings suggest that psychotherapeutic interventions specifically designed to prevent suicide re-attempts are most ***,cognitive behavioral therapy and psychodynamic therapy approaches proved to decrease the number of suicide re-attempts significantly.

关键词： Antidepressants Biomarkers Cognitive behavioral therapy Ketamine Prevention Suicide

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