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Effect of liner and porcelain application on zirconia surface structure and composition

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International Journal of Oral Science 2016年第3期8卷 164-171页

作者： Tariq F Alghazzawi gregg m Janowski Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of DentistryTaibah University Department of materials Science and Engineering School of EngineeringThe University of Alabama at Birmingham

The purpose of this study was to determine if there is an effect of liner and porcelain application （layering and pressing techniques） on the surface of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals （Y-TZP）, which were exposed to permutations of liner, layered porcelain, and pressed porcelain. Scanning electron microscope （SEm）/energy dispersive spectroscope （EDS） was used to identify changes in composition and microstructure after removing liner and porcelain with hydrofluoric acid. Simulated aging was also conducted to determine the effect of liner and porcelain on low-temperature degradation. The control group had a typical equiaxed grain structure, referred to as unaffected. When covered with liner or porcelain, some areas changed in structure and composition and were termed affected. The frequency of affected sbructure decreased when liner was covered with either layered porcelain or pressed porcelain. There were statistical differences （P〈0.05） in the composition between affected and unaffected for zirconium （layered porcelain with liner： affected = 60% （0.8%）（m/m）, unaffected = 69% （4%）, layered porcelain without liner： affected = 59% （3%）, unaffected = 65% （3%）） and oxygen （layered porcelain with liner： affected = 35% （2%）, unaffected = 26% （4%）, layered porcelain without liner： affected = 35% （3%）, unaffected = 30% （2%））. However, there were statistical differences （P〈0.05） in the composition for zirconium and oxygen of the aged layered porcelain without liner only. The liner should not be used before porcelain application, especially when using the layering technique for zirconia restorations. Furthermore, pressing should be considered the technique of choice over layering.

关键词： aging coefficient of thermal expansion energy dispersive spectroscopy layering of porcelain pressing of porcelain scanning electron microscope zirconia

Evaluation of zirconia–porcelain interface using X-ray diffraction

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International Journal of Oral Science 2015年第3期7卷 187-195页

作者： Tariq F Alghazzawi gregg m Janowski Department of materials Science and Engineering School of Engineering The University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of Dentistry Taibah University

The aim of this study was to determine if accelerated aging of porcelain veneering had an effect on the surface properties specific to a tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation（TmT） of zirconia restorations. Thirty-six zirconia samples were milled and sintered to simulate core fabrication followed by exposure to various combinations of surface treatments including as-received（control）,hydrofluoric acid（HF）, application of liner plus firings, application of porcelain by manual layering and pressing with firing, plus accelerated aging. The quantity of transformed tetragonal to monoclinic phases was analyzed utilized an X-ray diffractometer and one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze data. The control samples as provided from the dental laboratory after milling and sintering process had no TmT（X m5 0）. There was an effect on zirconia samples of HF application with TmT（X m5 0.8%） and liner plus HF application with TmT（X m5 8.7%）. There was an effect of aging on zirconia samples（no veneering） with significant TmT（X m5 70.25%）. Both manual and pressing techniques of porcelain applications reduced the TmT（manual, X m5 4.41%, pressing,X m5 11.57%）, although there was no statistical difference between them. It can be concluded that simulated applications of porcelain demonstrated the ability to protect zirconia from TmT after aging with no effect of a liner between different porcelain *** HF treatment also caused TmT.

关键词： aging hydrofluoric acid monoclinic pressing tetragonal X-ray diffraction

Formation of fine crystalline dolomites in lacustrine carbonates of the Eocene Sikou Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, East China

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Petroleum Science 2016年第4期13卷 642-656页

作者： Yong-Qiang Yang Long-Wei Qiu Jay gregg Zheng Shi Kuan-Hong Yu School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Department of Geology Oklahoma State University

The genesis of the fine crystalline dolomites that exhibit good to excellent reservoir properties in the upper fourth member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation（Es4s）around the Sikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, is uncertain. This paper investigates the formation mechanisms of this fine crystalline dolomite using XRD, SEm, thin section analysis and geochemical data. The stratigraphy of the Sikou lacustrine carbonate is dominated by the repetition of metre-scale, high-frequency deposition cycles, and the amount of dolomite within a cycle increases upward from the cycle bottom. These dolomite crystals are 2–30 μm in length, subhedral to anhedral in shape and typically replace both grains and matrix. They also occur as rim cement and have thin lamellae within ooid cortices. Textural relations indicate that the dolomite predates equant sparry calcite cement and coarse calcite cement. The Sr concentrations of dolomites range from 900 to 1200 ppm. Dolomite δ18O values（-11.3 to-8.2 ‰ PDB） are depleted relative to calcite mudstone（-8.3 to-5.4 ‰ PDB） that precipitated from lake water, while δ13C values（0.06–1.74 ‰ PDB） are within the normal range of calcite mudstone values（-2.13 to 1.99 ‰ PDB）. High87Sr/86Sr values（0.710210–0.710844） indicate that amounts of Ca2＋ and mg2＋have been derived from the chemical weathering of Palaeozoic carbonate bedrocks. The high strontium concentration indicates that hypersaline conditions were maintainedduring the formation of the dolomites and that the dolomites were formed by the replacement of precursor calcite or by direct precipitation.

关键词： Dolomite Lacustrine carbonate Eocene Sikou Sag Bohai Bay Basin

Application of anti-CD103 immunotoxin for saving islet allograft in context of transplantation

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Chinese medical Journal 2010年第24期123卷 3644-3651页

作者： ZHANG Lei gregg A. Hadley Department of General Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang 150086 China Division of Transplantation Department of Surgery the Ohio State University Medical Center Columbus OH 43210 USA

Background Previous studies using knockout mice document a key role for the integrin CD103 in promoting organ allograft rejection and graft-versus-host disease. However, a determination of whether blockade of the CD103 pathway represents a viable therapeutic strategy for intervention in these processes has proven problematic due to the lack of reagents that efficiently deplete CD103＋ cells from wild type hosts. To circumvent this problem, in the present study, we invented an anti-CD103 immunotoxin （m290-SAP）. We investigated whether m290-SAP has capacity to eliminate CD103-expressing cells in vivo and protect transplanted islets from destroying by host immune *** Flow cytometry was used to analyze the efficacy of m290-SAP in depleting CD103-expressing cells in *** using allogenic islet transplantation models as well as NOD mice with recent onset type 1 diabetes, the therapeutic efficacy of CD103-expressing cell depletion was *** m290-SAP dramatically reduces the frequency and absolute numbers of CD103-expressing leukocytes in peripheral lymphatic tissues of treated mice. Balb/c islets transplanted into streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice under single m290-SAP treatment showed an indefinite survival time compared with untreated mice, m290-treated mice and IgG-SAP treated mice （mean survival time, ＞100 days vs. ＜20 days）. C57BL/6 islets transplanted into hyperglycemic NOD mice under single m290-SAP treatment showed a pronounced delay in allograft rejection compared with untreated mice （mean survival time 12-13 days vs. ＜7 days）. Immunological analysis of mice with long-term islet allograft survival revealed an obvious atrophy thymus and severe downregulation of alloimmunity of CD8 subpopulation response to allogenic *** Regardless of the underlying mechanisms, these data document that depletion of CD103-expressing cells represents a viable strategy for therapeutic intervention in islet allograft rejection.

关键词： immunotoxin saporin CD8 T lymphocytes pancreatic islets transplantation thymus

Protective effect of hydroxychloroquine on rheumatoid arthritis-associated atherosclerosis

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Animal models and Experimental medicine 2019年第2期2卷 98-106页

作者： Na Shi Shuangyue Zhang gregg Silverman mengtao Li Jun Cai Haitao Niu NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences CAMS&PUMC) Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases Beijing China Department of Rheumatology Langone Medical Center New York University New York City New York Peking Union medical College Hospital Beijing China Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China

Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. We examined the effect of gut microbiota in a mouse model of RA that develops atherosclerosis. methods: We created three groups of K/BxN female mice that were positive for the anti‐glucose‐6‐phosphate isomerase (GPI) antibody: control diet (CD), high fat diet (HFD), and HFD with hydroxychloroquine (HFD + HCQ). Serological tests were used to detect the serum levels of total cholesterol (TCHO), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), triglyceride (TG), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), anti‐ GPI antibody titers, and serum cytokines. Atherosclerotic plaque was determined by histological analysis, and gut microbiota were determined by 16sV4 sequencing. Results: Relative to mice given the CD, those receiving the HFD had increased serum levels of LDL‐C, TCHO, and TG, decreased serum levels of HDL‐C, increased atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic root, and altered gut microbiota. Addition of HCQ to HFD decreased the serum levels of LDL‐C, TCHO, and TG, increased serum levels of HDL‐C, and decreased the atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic root. mice receiving HFD + HCQ also had the greatest bacterial diversity among the three experimental groups. moreover, HCQ treatment significantly increased the abundance of Akkermansia and Parabacteroides, and decreased the abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto cluster 1, and therefore may be responsible for the reduced RA‐associated atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Our mouse model of RA indicated that HFD increased ankle width and aggravated a therosclerosis a nd d yslipidemia, a nd t hat H CQ a lleviated t he d yslipidemia and atherosclerosis, but had no effect on ankle width.

关键词： atherosclerosis autoimmunity hydroxychloroquine intestinal microbiota rheumatoid arthritis

多元统计方法在白云岩分类和类型识别中的应用

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江汉石油学院学报 1991年第1期13卷 11-16页

作者：田时芸 Jay m.gregg 江汉石油学院美国密苏里-罗拉大学

利用地球化学数据,用R-Q型联立因子分析对美国密苏里州东南Bonneterre组(塞武纪)滨外相的白云岩进行了分析,按成因意义有效地将该地区白云岩作了分类,并指出了各类白云岩的地化特征,分类结果与用岩石学方法作出的分类是一致的,二者可以... 详细信息

利用地球化学数据,用R-Q型联立因子分析对美国密苏里州东南Bonneterre组(塞武纪)滨外相的白云岩进行了分析,按成因意义有效地将该地区白云岩作了分类,并指出了各类白云岩的地化特征,分类结果与用岩石学方法作出的分类是一致的,二者可以相互补充。根据已分类的白云岩建立的Bayes判别函数仅涉及两项地球化学指标,其判对率己高达95%。以上方法简便易行,尤其在只使用岩石学方法难于分类的情况下,也许是很有用的。

关键词：白云岩岩石分析多元统计法

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CD103免疫毒素在同种胰岛移植中的应用

中华实验外科杂志 2011年第2期28卷 194-196页

作者：张雷 gregg Hadley 哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院普通外科 150086 美国俄亥俄州立大学移植外科

目的制备能体内杀伤CD103表达细胞的免疫毒素,观察其对同种胰岛移植排斥反应的影响.方法将CD103抗体与植物毒素saporin耦联产生m290-SAP,以2 mg/kg剂量注入小鼠腹腔,实验分为磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）、IgG-SAP、m290和m290-SAP组,用流式... 详细信息

目的制备能体内杀伤CD103表达细胞的免疫毒素,观察其对同种胰岛移植排斥反应的影响.方法将CD103抗体与植物毒素saporin耦联产生m290-SAP,以2 mg/kg剂量注入小鼠腹腔,实验分为磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）、IgG-SAP、m290和m290-SAP组,用流式细胞术检测CD103阳性细胞的肖减,之后将m290-SAP应用于化学性糖尿病小鼠胰岛移植模型,观察胰岛有功能存活情况.结果 PBS、IgG-SAP和m290组,肠上皮内CD103＋CD8＋淋巴细胞占CD3＋淋巴细胞的百分比分别为70.9%、68.4%和79.5%,而m290-SAP组几乎降至0;m290-SAP也杀灭了CD103＋的胸腺细胞.m290-SAP组胰岛移植物存活时间（＞100 d,n=9）,明显优于未处理组、IgG-SAP和m290组（均在20d内排斥）（P＜0.01）.结论 m290-SAP消除CD103表达细胞能促进同种胰岛移植物长期存活.

关键词：胰岛移植胸腺免疫毒素抗-CD103 CD8T淋巴细胞

CD103分子介导CD8^＋T淋巴细胞对同种胰岛移植物的损伤

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中华器官移植杂志 2011年第2期32卷 91-94页

作者：张雷 gregg Hadley 哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院普外一科 150086 The Ohio State University

目的检验CD103分子是否介导了CD8^＋T淋巴细胞对同种移植胰岛的免疫损伤。方法用流式细胞仪检测野生型C57BL／6小鼠外周血CD8^＋T淋巴细胞表达CDl03的情况。以Balb／c小鼠为供者，C57BL／6小鼠为受者，制作同种胰岛移植模型。受者分为3... 详细信息

目的检验CD103分子是否介导了CD8^＋T淋巴细胞对同种移植胰岛的免疫损伤。方法用流式细胞仪检测野生型C57BL／6小鼠外周血CD8^＋T淋巴细胞表达CDl03的情况。以Balb／c小鼠为供者，C57BL／6小鼠为受者，制作同种胰岛移植模型。受者分为3组：m290-SAP组小鼠注射CDl03免疫毒素m290-SAP；m290组小鼠注射抗CDl03单克隆抗体m290；另以仅接受胰岛移植、不注射任何药物的小鼠为未处理组。检测移植胰岛CD3、CD8、CD44和CDl03阳性细胞的表达，检测肠系膜淋巴结中CD3、CD8和CD103阳性细胞的表达。移植物功能丧失或观察期结束时获取移植胰岛，行HE染色和免疫组织化学染色。结果野生型C57BL／6小鼠外周血的CD8^＋T淋巴细胞中有44．06％表达CDl03。未处理组移植胰岛浸润的细胞成分中有29％的CD8^＋T淋巴细胞表达CDl03。m290-SAP组小鼠淋巴细胞不仅丧失了CDl03的表达，而且CD8^＋T淋巴细胞的绝对数量也减少，该组小鼠血糖稳定时间超过100d（未处理组为13d，P〈C0．05），移植胰岛组织学形态良好。结论CD8^＋T淋巴细胞免疫损伤同种移植胰岛必须表达CDl03，CDl03有可能成为胰岛移植抗排斥反应治疗的新靶点。

关键词：胰岛移植 CD103 CD8 免疫毒素类

Recent Trends of Zostera marina (Eelgrass) in a Highly Eutrophic Coastal Lagoon in the mid-Atlantic Region (USA)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2016年第5期6卷 243-253页

作者： michael J. Kennish gregg P. Sakowicz Benjamin Fertig Department of marine and Coastal Sciences Rutgers University New Brunswick USA Jacques Cousteau National Estuarine Research Reserve Tuckerton USA Ronin Institute for Independent Scholarship Montclair USA Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA

Spatial and temporal characteristics of Zostera marina (eelgrass) in the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary are compared before (2004-2011) and after (2012-2013) major fertilizer legislation (Fertilizer Law A2290) was enacted in New Jersey (USA) to reduce nutrient inputs from fertilizers to water bodies in the state. A significant decrease of Z. marina biomass and areal cover occurred in this eutrophic estuary between 2004 and 2011 concomitantly with increasing nitrogen and phosphorus loading from the watershed. The rate of decline in aboveground and belowground biomass was significantly sharper during 2004-2006 than during 2008-2010. In 2010, Z. marina biomass dropped to a very low level (mean aboveground biomass = 7.7 g dry wt mǄmean belowground biomass = 27.0 g dry wt mǄ), persisting through the last sampling period (October-November) in 2013. Biomass and areal cover of Z. marina decreased even further after Fertilizer Law A2290 was enacted in January 2012, with the lowest values recorded from August to November each year. These low values are the result of ongoing eutrophication of the system. more seagrass monitoring and research are necessary in future years to determine if the fertilizer law will have a positive effect on Z. marina condition in the estuary over the long term.

关键词： Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary Coastal Lagoon Nutrient Enrichment Eutrophication Zostera marina Characteristics Nutrient Reduction Regulation