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Mobilization of Cu in the continental lower crust:A perspective from Cu isotopes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第5期14卷 17-38页

作者： Chen-Hao Luo Rui Wang Yun Zhao jian Huang Noreen j.evans State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources and Institute of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingChina SinoProbe Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences and ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China john de Laeter Centre Curtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia

Recent studies have shown that Cu-rich sulfide accumulates in the lower continental crust and serves as a critical reservoir to balance Cu depletion in the upper *** of Cu in the lower crust is also assumed to be a major metal source for non-arc setting porphyry Cu *** test this hypothesis and further explore the behavior of Cu in the lower crust,we analyzed the elemental and Cu isotopic compositions of lower crustal rocks from different geological *** collected samples include hornblendites from the Kohistan arc,granulite xenoliths and hornblendites from the Gangdese arc,hornblendites and gabbros from the Laiyuan complex in the North China Craton,and hornblendite xenoliths from the western margin of the Yangtze *** lower crustal rocks have experienced varying degrees of primary or secondary sulfide accumulation,with significantly varied Cu contents(11.2 to 145 ppm)andδδ^(65)(1.05‰to 1.40‰).Petrography and geochemistry reveal varying degrees of metasomatism and fluid interaction in these rocks,and based on this,they can be further divided into three groups:Group I includes the Gangdese granulites and Yunnan hornblendites,which perhaps experienced significant *** suite of rocks shows enrichment ofδ^(65)(dδ^(65)=0.01‰to 1.40‰),positively correlated with metasomatism(dδ^(65)***/Pb).We suggest the secondary sulfides which transformed from sulfates during the interaction between lower crust and arc magma are dominant in these rocks,so the feature of heavy isotope enrichment is *** II includes Laiyuan hornblendites and gabbros,derived from the same parental magma and emplaced at different depths(hornblendites,23.3–28.1 km;gabbros 8.4–11.1 km).The Cu isotopic compositions are strongly fractionated between these two kinds of rocks,with low dδ^(65)in the hornblendites(0.00‰to 0.28‰)and highly polarized dδ^(65)in the gabbros(1.05‰to 0.81‰).Geochemical indicators and mineral assemblages reveal that fluid intera

关键词： Cu isotope of lower continental crust Cu mobilization Metasomatism Fluid interaction Partial melting

Theoretical Analysis of the Fluctuation Theorem Applied to Electric Circuits

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2014年第10期61卷 476-484页

作者： Charlotte F.Petersen Elmars Krausz Denis j.evans Stephen R.Williams Research School of Chemistry Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 0200Australia

We carry out a theoretical analysis of the fluctuations in the johnson–Nyquist noise in an RC electric circuit being driven by a non-ideal constant current source. Using the appropriate Langevin equation, we derive the fluctuation theorem for the system. This analysis exhibits some interesting features. Firstly, the average of the dissipation function is not necessarily just an instantaneous entropy production, i.e. the work being done on the circuit by the external power source divided by the ambient temperature. Secondly, by appropriate selection of the values for the circuit components,the transient response of the system can be made identical to the nonequilibrium steady state response. In the limit of an ideal current source, the average of the dissipation function reduces to the entropy production. Our analysis accurately reproduces published experimental results.

关键词： circuit analysis fluctuation theorems statistical machanics johnson noise

The complexity of sediment recycling as revealed by common Pb isotopes in K-feldspar

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1515-1527页

作者： Simon P.johnson Christopher L.Kirkland Noreen j.evans Brad j.McDonald Huntly N.Cutten Geological Survey of Western Australia Mineral House100 Plain StreetEast PerthWestern Australia6004Australia Centre for Exploration Targeting-Curtin Node The Institute for Geoscience ResearchDepartment of Applied GeologyWestern Australian School of MinesCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6102Australia john de Laeter Centre The Institute for Geoscience ResearchDepartment of Applied Geology and Applied PhysicsCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6102Australia

Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology has become the gold standard in evaluating source to sink relationships in sedimentary basins. However, the physical and chemical robustness of zircon, which make it such a useful mineral for provenance studies, is also a hindrance as zircon can be recycled through numerous sedimentary basins, thus obscuring the first cycle source to sink relationship. An elegant approach to addressing this potential issue is to compare the Pb isotope composition of detrital K-feldspar, a mineral which is unlikely to survive more than one erosion-transport-deposition cycle, with that of magmatic K-feldspar from potential basement source terranes. Here we present new in situ Pb isotope data on detrital K-feldspar from two Proterozoic arkosic sandstones from Western Australia, and magmatic K-feldspar grains from potential igneous source rocks, as inferred by the age and Hf isotope composition of detrital zircon grains. The data indicate that the detrital zircon and K-feldspar grains could not have been liberated from the same source rocks, and that the zircon has most likely been recycled through older sedimentary basins. These results provide a more complete understanding of apparently simple source to sink relationships in this part of Proterozoic Western Australia.

关键词： Detrital zircon K-feldspar Pb isotopes Sediment provenance Sediment recycling

Flash MX、Dreamweaver MX、Fireworks MX、FreeHand MX四合一宝典

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丛书名：美国计算机“宝典”丛书

2003年

作者：（美）joyce j.evans等王勇等译

全书介绍了Flash MX，Dreamweaver MX，Fireworks MX和FreeHand MX四个软件。通过贯穿全书的一个构建Habitat Alert网站的具体实例了解整个流程的每一具体步骤。

ISBN: (纸本)7505390139

全书介绍了Flash MX，Dreamweaver MX，Fireworks MX和FreeHand MX四个软件。通过贯穿全书的一个构建Habitat Alert网站的具体实例了解整个流程的每一具体步骤。

关键词：制作图形软件网页软件工具动画

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网页设计四合一宝典 4

Effect of mucin 4 allele on susceptibility to experimental infection with enterotoxigenic F4 Escherichia coli in pigs fed experimental diets

丛书名：美国计算机“宝典”丛书

2004年

作者：（美）joyce j.evans 盖江南等译

本书以一个贯穿全书的实例形式，介绍Macromedia MX 的四大软件，讲解制作网页和网站的整个工作流程的每一个具体步骤。

ISBN: (纸本)7121001241

本书以一个贯穿全书的实例形式，介绍Macromedia MX 的四大软件，讲解制作网页和网站的整个工作流程的每一个具体步骤。

关键词：制作网页软件工具

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 981-989页

作者： Samantha O.Sterndale Danica j.evans josephine P.Mansfield julie Clarke Shafi Sahibzada Sam Abraham Mark O’Dea David W.Miller jae Cheol Kim john R.Pluske Agriculture Sciences College of ScienceHealthEngineering and Education Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia CSIRO Health and Biosecurity PO BOX 10041AdelaideBC 5000Australia Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Disease Laboratory Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia AB Vista Asia Pte.Ltd The MezzoWhampoa 329682Singapore

Background: This study investigated the validity of the DNA-marker based test to determine susceptibility to ETECF4 diarrhoea by comparing the results of two DNA sequencing techniques in weaner pigs following experimental infection with F4 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC-F4). The effects of diet and genetic susceptibility were assessed by measuring the incidence of piglet post-weaning diarrhoea(PWD), faecal E. coli shedding and the diarrhoea ***: A DNA marker-based test targeting the mucin 4 gene(MUC4) that encodes F4 fimbria receptor identified pigs as either fully susceptible(SS), partially or mildly susceptible(SR), and resistant(RR) to developing ETEC-F4 diarrhoea. To further analyse this, DNA sequencing was undertaken, and a significantly higher proportion of C nucleotides was observed for RR and SR at the Xba I cleavage site genotypes when compared to SS. However, no significant difference was found between SR and RR genotypes. Therefore, results obtained from Sanger sequencing retrospectively allocated pigs into a resistant genotype(MUC4–), in the case of a C nucleotide, and a susceptible genotype(MUC4+), in the case of a G nucleotide, at the single nucleotide polymorphism site. A total of 72 weaner pigs(age ~ 21 days), weighing 6.1 ± 1.2 kg(mean ± SEM), were fed 3 different diets:(i) positive control(PC) group supplemented with 3 g/kg zinc oxide(Zn O),(ii) negative control(NC) group(no Zn O or HAMSA),and(iii) a diet containing a 50 g/kg high-amylose maize starch product(HAMSA) esterified with acetate. At days five and six after weaning, all pigs were orally infected with ETEC(serotype O149:F4;toxins LT1, ST1, ST2 and EAST). The percentage of pigs that developed diarrhoea following infection was higher(P = 0.05) in MUC4+ pigs compared to MUC4– pigs(50% vs. 26.8%, respectively). Furthermore, pigs fed Zn O had less ETEC-F4 diarrhoea(P = 0.009) than pigs fed other diets, however faecal shedding of ETEC was similar(P > 0.05) between ***

关键词： Diarrhoea Escherichia coli F4 MUC4 Weaner pigs Zinc oxide

When will it end? Long-lived intracontinental reactivation in central Australia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 149-164页

作者： Raphael Quentin de Gromard Christopher L.Kirkland Heather M.Howard Michael T.D.Wingate Fred jourdan Brent I.A.Mc Innes Martin Danisik Noreen j.evans Bradley j.McDonald R.Hugh Smithies Geological Survey of Western Australia Department of Mines Industry Regulation and Safety School of Earth and Planetary Science/john de Laeter Centre/TIGeR Curtin University

The post-Mesoproterozoic tectonometamorphic history of the Musgrave Province, central Australia, has previously been solely attributed to intracontinental compressional deformation during the 580 -520 Ma Petermann Orogeny. However, our new structurally controlled multi-mineral geochronology results,from two north-trending transects, indicate protracted reactivation of the Australian continental interior over ca. 715 million years. The earliest events are identified in the hinterland of the orogen along the western transect. The first tectonothermal event, at ca. 715 Ma, is indicated by40 Ar/39 Ar muscovite and U e Pb titanite ages. Another previously unrecognised tectonometamorphic event is dated at ca. 630 Ma by Ue Pb analyses of metamorphic zircon rims. This event was followed by continuous cooling and exhumation of the hinterland and core of the orogen along numerous faults, including the Woodroffe Thrust,from ca. 625 Ma to 565 Ma as indicated by muscovite, biotite, and hornblende40 Ar/39 Ar cooling ages. We therefore propose that the Petermann Orogeny commenced as early as ca. 630 Ma. Along the eastern transect,40 Ar/39 Ar muscovite and zircon(Ue Th)/He data indicate exhumation of the foreland fold and thrust system to shallow crustal levels between ca. 550 Ma and 520 Ma, while the core of the orogen was undergoing exhumation to mid-crustal levels and cooling below 600-660℃. Subsequent cooling to 150 -220℃ of the core of the orogen occurred between ca. 480 Ma and 400 Ma(zircon [Ue Th]/He data)during reactivation of the Woodroffe Thrust, coincident with the 450 -300 Ma Alice Springs *** of the footwall of the Woodroffe Thrust to shallow depths occurred at ca. 200 Ma. More recent tectonic activity is also evident as on the 21 May, 2016(Sydney date), a magnitude 6.1 earthquake occurred, and the resolved focal mechanism indicates that compressive stress and exhumation along the Woodroffe Thrust is continuing to the present day. Overall, these results

关键词： Intracontinental deformation Thermochronology Petermann orogen Musgrave Province Plate tectonics Cratonization

Fish vaccines:current state and future trends

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Fish vaccines:current state and future trends

Scheelite elemental and isotopic signatures:Implications for the genesis of skarn-type W-Mo deposits in the Chizhou Area,Anhui Province,Eastern China

中国工程院第77场工程科技论坛·2008水产科技论坛——渔业现代化与可持续发展

作者： Phillip H.Klesius Craig A.Shoemaker joyce j.evans Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory Agricultural Research ServiceU.S.Department of AgricultureAuburnAlabama 36832 and ChestertownMaryland 21620U.S.A.

A vaccine is a preventive tool used in a health management strategy for the control of infectious diseases in *** more than 100 years,vaccines have proved to be an effective tool for preventing infectious disease outbreaks in humans,poultry and other food *** aquaculture, the development and use of vaccines is now making rapid progress to achieve its full potential as effective disease prevention *** objective of vaccination is to provide a strong immune response to an administered antigen able to provide acquired long-term protection against a *** achieve this objective either a killed or modified live vaccine needs to be developed and licensed for use in fresh or marine water *** type of immunity needed,antibody and/or cell-mediated against,a particular pathogen is among the deciding factors in the development of a *** with a killed bacterial vaccine produces an antibody-mediated protection,but not cell-mediated *** and/or antibody-mediated immunity can be provided only by immunization with a modified live ***,antibody-mediated immunity provided by killed vaccines is relatively short lived in terms of protection(3-5 months).Longer protection(≥12 months)is provided by modified live *** duration of protection may be increased by the addition of an adjuvant to the killed *** adjuvant is a substance that increases specific immune responses against the co-inoculated *** vaccines are usually administered by intraperitonal and/or intramuscular injection of individual *** is the least cost effective in terms of labor and time. Modified live vaccines may be administered by bath immersion to large numbers of fish(fry and/or eggs)which is a more cost effective method of mass vaccination in both labor and *** vaccines are considered to be safer than modified live vaccines which may revert to ***, future trends include oral del

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Scheelite elemental and isotopic signatures:Implications for...