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使用环氧化酶2选择性和非选择性非类固醇抗炎药治疗的患者其急性心肌梗死和突发性心脏死亡的危险:巢式病例对照研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 22-23页

作者： graham D.j. Campen D. 赵和平 Dr. Office of Drug Safety Ctr. for Drug Eval. and Research Food and Drug Administration Rockville MD United States

Background: Controversy has surrounded the question about whether high-dose rofecoxib increases or naproxen decreases the risk of serious coronary heart disease. We sought to establish if risk was enhanced with rofecoxib at either high or standard doses compared with remote non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID) use or celecoxib use, because celecoxib was the most common alternative to rofecoxib. Methods: We used data from Kaiser Permanente in California to assemble a cohort of all patients age 18-84 years treated with a NSAID between jan 1, 1999, and Dec 31, 2001, within which we did a nested case-control study. Cases of serious coronary heart disease(acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death) were risk-set matched with four controls for age, sex, and health plan region. Current exposure to cyclo-oxygenase 2 selective and non-selective NSAIDs was compared with remote exposure to any NSAID, and rofecoxib was compared with celecoxib. Findings: During 2 302 029 person-years of follow-up, 8143 cases of serious coronary heart disease occurred, of which 2210(27.1%) were fatal. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios versus celecoxib were: for rofecoxib(all doses), 1.59(95%CI 1.10-2.32, p=0.015); for rofecoxib 25 mg/day or less, 1.47(0.99-2.17, p=0.054); and for rofecoxib greater than 25 mg/day, 3.58(1.27-10.11, p=0.016). For naproxen versus remote NSAID use the adjusted odds ratio was 1.14(1.00-1.30, p=0.05). Interpretation: Rofecoxib use increases the risk of serious coronary heart disease compared with celecoxib use. Naproxen use does not protect against serious coronary heart disease.

关键词：急性心肌梗死非类固醇抗炎药心脏死亡环氧化酶罗非昔布病例对照研究 NSAID 塞来昔布萘普生标准剂量

Effects of Nitrogen Application and Weed Interference on Performance of Some Tropical Maize Genotypes in Nigeria

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Pedosphere 2009年第5期19卷 654-662页

作者： j.O.AZEEZ Department of Soil Science and Land Management University of AgricultureAbeokuta(Nigeria)

Low soil nitrogen （N） and weed infestations are some of the major constraints to maize production in Nigeria. A split-split plot experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replicates was established at two sites with different agroecological zones, Ikenne （Typic Paleudalf） and Shika （Typic Tropaquept）, in Nigeria in 2002 and 2003 rainy seasons to investigate the responses of four maize genotypes （Oba super II, Low N pool C2, TZB-SR, and ACR 8328 BN C7） to N fertilizer applied at four rates, 0, 30, 60, and 90 kg N ha^-1, and three weed pressure treatments, no weed pressure （weekly weeding）, low weed pressure （inter-row weekly weeding）, and high weed pressure （no weeding throughout the growing season）. Growth and yield parameters of maize and weeds were taken at flowering and harvest. The results indicated that there was a significant reduction in maize leaf area, leaf area index, and photosynthetically active radiation due to weed interference at both sites. The application of nitrogen at 90 kg N ha^-1 significantly increased maize leaf area. Reductions in maize growth and yield at flowering and harvest were significant due to weed interference at both Ikenne and Shika, thus showing that the reductions in maize growth and yield due to weed interference were not ecological zone specific even though weed species and their seed banks may differ. Ameliorative management options could thus be the same in the two agroecological zones. Application of 90 kg N ha^-1 led to a significant increase in maize grain yield at Shika while there was no fertilizer effect at Ikenne on grain yield. There was no significant difference between 60 and 90 kg N ha^-1, suggesting that 60 kg N ha^-1 could be a possible replacement for the higher fertilizer rate at least for the identified maize genotypes. Low weed pressure treatment led to 26% and 35% reductions in maize grain yield at Ikenne and Shika, respectively, while 22% and 51% reductions, respectively, were observed due

关键词： maize growth maize yield N efficiency soil nitrogen weed pressure

脊髓拴系是否为引起FG综合征中线缺损的原因

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 37-38页

作者： Visootsak j. Danielpour M. graham jr. j.M. 平智广 Cedars Sinai Medical Center 444 South San Vicente Blvd # 1001 Los Angeles CA 90 048 United States Dr.

Objectives: FG syndrome is an X- linked recessive mental retardation syndrom e with ano- rectal anomalies, constipation, and occasional urinary incontinence . Because tethered spinal cord syndrome (TCS) has similar symptoms, we evaluated imaging for TCS in patients with FG syndrome. Study design: Patients were recru ited from the International FG Syndrome Support Group, and an FG Syndrome Consen sus Group reviewed clinical histories, medical records, and photographs of each responding patient. Results of cranial and spinal imaging studies were available for 12 patients. Results: Of 12 boys with FG syndrome, 6 had hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, and 3 of these had TCS (all with constipation and urinary sympt oms). The other 9 did not have urinary symptoms. After surgical untethering, bow el and bladder symptoms improved. Conclusions: Tethered spinal cord syndrome occ urred in 25% of patients with FG syndrome associated with hypoplasia of the co rpus callosum and causing bowel and bladder incontinence. A high index of suspic ion is necessary for early diagnosis, and timely intervention results in signifi cant improvement in symptomatology.

关键词： FG综合征脊髓拴系发育不全手术松解小便失禁用成知情同意隐性遗传早期诊断影像学检查

电磁导航支气管镜与CT引导下经皮肺穿刺肺周围结节的队列研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2018年第3期 349-350页

作者： K.M.Bhatt Y.K.Tandon R.graham C.T.Lau j.K.Lempel j.T.Azok 吕晓虹 Department of Radiology Pulmonology and Quantitative Health Sciences Cleveland Clinic

摘要目的比较电磁导航支气管镜(ENB)引导与CT引导下经皮肺穿刺肺结节取样的诊断价值和并发症发生率。材料与方法回顾性分析2013—2015年间149例CT引导下经

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斜头畸形的处理:复位与矫形疗法的比较

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 35-36页

作者： graham jr.j.M. Gomez M. Halberg A. 李丹 Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology Cedars-Sinai Medical Center 444 South San Vicente Blvd #1001 LosAngelesCA90048United States Dr.

Objectives: We compare positioning with orthotic therapy in 298 consecutive infants referred for correction of head *** design: We evaluated 176 infants treated with repositioning, 159 treated with helmets, and 37 treated with initial repositioning followed by helmet therapywhen treatment *** compared reductions in diagonal difference (RDD)-between repositioning and cranial orthotic *** were routinely used for infants older than 6 months with DD >1 ***: For infants treated with repositioning at a mean age of 4.8 months, the mean RDD was 0.55 cm (from an initial mean DD of 1.05 cm).For infants treated with cranial orthotics at a mean age of 6.6 months, the mean RDD was 0.71 cm (from an initial mean DD of 1.13 cm).Conclusions: Infants treated with orthotics were older and required a longer length of treatment (4.2 vs 3.5 months).Infants treated with orthosis had a mean final DD closer to the DD in unaffected infants (0.3 ±0.1 cm), orthotic therapy was more effective than repositioning (61%decrease versus 52%decrease in DD), and early orthosis was significantly more effective than later orthosis (65%decrease versus 51%decrease in DD).

关键词：斜头复位治疗研究设计不对称

Radiofrequency ablation for early oesophageal squamous neoplasia:Outcomes form United Kingdom registry

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第36期19卷 6011-6019页

作者： Rehan j Haidry Mohammed A Butt jason Dunn Matthew banks Abhinav Gupta Howard Smart Pradeep Bhandari Lesley Ann Smith Robert Willert Grant Fullarton Morris john Massimo Di Pietro Ian Penman Marco Novelli Laurence B Lovat Department of Surgery and Interventional Science National Medical Laser Centre UCL Department Gastroenterology University College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Department Gastroenterology Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Trust Institute for Medical Informatics Oslo University Hospital Department Gastroenterology Royal Liverpool University Hospital Merseyside Department Gastroenterology Princess Alexandra Hospital Cosham Department Gastroenterology Bradford Royal Infirmary Bradford Department Gastroenterology Central Manchester University Hospital Department Gastroenterology Glasgow Royal Infirmary Department Gastroenterology Addenbrooke’s Hospital Royal Infirmary Edinburgh

AIM:To report outcomes on patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation(RFA)for early oesophageal squamous neoplasia from a National ***:A Prospective cohort study from 8 tertiary referral centres in the United *** with squamous high grade dysplasia(HGD)and early squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)confined to the mucosa were *** lesions were removed by endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)before *** initial RFA treatment,patients were followed up *** flat dysplasia was treated with RFA until complete reversal dysplasia(CR-D)was achieved or progression to invasive Squamous cell cancer defined as infiltration into the submucosa layer or *** main outcome measures were CR-D at 12 mo from start of treatment,long term durability,progression to cancer and adverse ***:Twenty patients with squamous HGD/ESCC completed treatment *** patients(25%)had EMR before starting RFA ***-D was 50%at12 mo with a median of 1 RFA treatment,mean 1.5(range 1-3).Two further patients achieved CR-D with repeat RFA after this *** per cent with CR-D remain dysplasia free at latest biopsy,with median follow up 24 mo(IQR 17-54).Six of 20 patients(30%)progressed to invasive cancer at 1 *** patients(20%)required endoscopic dilatations for symptomatic structuring after *** of these patients have required serial dilatations thereafter for symptomatic dysphagia with a median of 4 dilatations per *** other 2 patients required only a single dilatation to achieve an adequate symptomatic *** patient developed cancer during follow up after end of treatment ***:The role of RFA in these patients re-mains *** our series 50%patients responded at12 *** figures are lower than limited published data.

关键词： Squamous neoplasia Oesophageal cancer Endoscopic mucosal resection High-grade dysplasia Radiofrequency ablation

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北威尔士Trevor滑坡的治理和监测

吉林交通科技 2002年第4期 53-56页

作者： D.Nichol j.R.graham 谷宪明朱宇吉林省公路勘测设计院

1989年3月，B5434公路Trevor至Froncysyllte段的一处不是很陡的边坡发生了滑动，切断了该公路。治理方法是采用钻孔桩锚杆档墙，基础嵌入砂岩层内，但是，一年后，进一步地滑动又重新开始。间歇性地以每年9mm的速率滑动，虽然影响到邻... 详细信息

1989年3月，B5434公路Trevor至Froncysyllte段的一处不是很陡的边坡发生了滑动，切断了该公路。治理方法是采用钻孔桩锚杆档墙，基础嵌入砂岩层内，但是，一年后，进一步地滑动又重新开始。间歇性地以每年9mm的速率滑动，虽然影响到邻近区域，但是，公路还保持完好，监测的结果显示出两种不同的情况：在挡墙的东端，荷载中等，滑坡沿巳有滑坡面重新滑动，然而，在挡墙的西端，荷载反而增加。解释起来比较困难，可能是由于挡墙后水压力的增大，或者是局部软弱地质条件，或者是挡墙后泥岩的膨胀。

关键词：公路滑坡处理调查 Trevor村治理监测

WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——潜在肺癌和结直肠癌初级医疗的决策与转诊:一项患者经验定性研究

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中国全科医学 2016年第2期19卷 169-169页

作者：本刊编辑部 banks j Walter F M Hall N

背景全科医生在转诊患者进行癌症筛查的决策上面临难题,因为很多癌症症状是由良性自限性疾病造成的。英国国家健康与临床卓越研究所(NICE)转诊指南强调患者应参与决策过程,应被告知转诊原因。然而,目前为止的研究并没有对这些指南的践... 详细信息

背景全科医生在转诊患者进行癌症筛查的决策上面临难题,因为很多癌症症状是由良性自限性疾病造成的。英国国家健康与临床卓越研究所(NICE)转诊指南强调患者应参与决策过程,应被告知转诊原因。然而,目前为止的研究并没有对这些指南的践行程度进行探究。目的探讨患者因癌症相关症状而转诊的决策参与程度,以及患者对转诊的理解。设计与场所进行因肺癌和结直肠癌疑似症状而进行二级医疗转诊患者的定型访谈研究。使用最大变异抽样法,从英格兰两个地区选取患者。方法对访谈记录进行主题分析。结果对34名患者访谈内容进行分析。两种症状的患者均认为转诊决策参与程度低。然而,患者希望进行转诊,从而对不明症状进行解释。此外,分析还发现,转诊的原因通常较为含糊,并不明确为癌症筛查,即使患者症状具有癌症特异性。结论全科医生在癌症疑似症状患者转诊之前,应与患者进行开诚布公的探讨。这将使临床实践与NICE指南接轨,并鼓励全科医生和初级医疗患者对癌症进行更多的坦诚探讨。

关键词：结直肠癌 WONCA 自限性疾病定性研究国家健康访谈研究主题分析临床实践访谈记录抽样法

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钠与健康——一致与争议

英国医学杂志中文版 2021年第5期24卷 252-256页

作者： Cook Nancy R He Feng j MacGregor graham A Graudal Niels 葛进(译) Division of Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women′s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Centre for Environmental and Preventive Medicine Wolfson Institute of Preventive MedicineBarts and London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonUK Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic Copenhagen University HospitalRigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院

Nancy Cook和同事阐述了人们就钠对健康影响有一致及不同意见的原因,以及如何解决这些问题。尽管已有多年对动物和人体的研究,但人们对盐(氯化钠)的作用仍有不同意见。钠存在于细胞外液,调节血容量与物质转运,对生命健康是至关重要的。... 详细信息

Nancy Cook和同事阐述了人们就钠对健康影响有一致及不同意见的原因,以及如何解决这些问题。尽管已有多年对动物和人体的研究,但人们对盐(氯化钠)的作用仍有不同意见。钠存在于细胞外液,调节血容量与物质转运,对生命健康是至关重要的。钠有许多生理功能,包括参与营养吸收及维持体液平衡。

关键词：细胞外液营养吸收体液平衡物质转运血容量氯化钠健康