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Real-time mechanical characterization of DNA degradation under therapeutic X-rays and its theoretical modeling

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2016年第1期2卷 9-17页

作者： grégoire perret Thomas Lacornerie Fabio Manca Stefano Giordano Momoko Kumemura Nicolas Lafitte Laurent Jalabert Mehmet C.Tarhan Eric F.Lartigau Fabrizio Cleri Hiroyuki Fujita Dominique Collard LIMMS/CNRS-IIS UMI 2820 Institute of Industrial ScienceThe University of Tokyo4-6-1 Komaba Meguro KuTokyo 153-8505Japan IEMN UMR8520CNRSAvenue PoincaréCitéScientifiqueBP 60069Villeneuve d’AscqCedex 59652France CNRS/IIS/COL/Lille 1 SMMiL-E project CNRS Délégation Nord-Pas de Calais et Picardie2 rue de CanonniersLilleCedex 59046France Centre Oscar Lambret Universitéde LilleDépartement Universitaire de RadiothérapieCentre Oscar LambretLille 59000France Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo4-6-1 KomabaMeguro-kuTokyo 153-8505Japan

The killing of tumor cells by ionizing radiation beams in cancer radiotherapy is currently based on a rather empirical understanding of the basic mechanisms and effectiveness of DNA damage by *** contrast,the mechanical behaviour of DNA encompassing sequence sensitivity and elastic transitions to plastic responses is much better understood.A novel approach is proposed here based on a micromechanical Silicon Nanotweezers *** instrument allows the detailed biomechanical characterization of a DNA bundle exposed to an ionizing radiation beam delivered here by a therapeutic linear particle accelerator(LINAC).The micromechanical device endures the harsh environment of radiation beams and still retains molecular-level detection *** this study,the first real-time observation of DNA damage by ionizing radiation is *** DNA bundle degradation is detected by the micromechanical device as a reduction of the bundle stiffness,and a theoretical model provides an interpretation of the *** first real-time observations pave the way for both fundamental and clinical studies of DNA degradation mechanisms under ionizing radiation for improved tumor treatment.

关键词： biomechanical measurements DNA damage microfluidic radiotherapy real-time Silicon Nanotweezers

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Associations between physical activity levels and ATPase inhibitory factor 1 concentrations in older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 409-418页

作者： Jérémy Raffin Yves Rolland Annelise Genoux Guillaume Combes Mikael Croyal Bertrand perret Sophie Guyonnet Bruno Vellas Laurent O.Martinez Philipe de Souto Barreto For the MAPT/DSA group Institut du Vieillissement Gérontopôle de ToulouseCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de ToulouseToulouse 31000France Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santédes Populations UnitéMixte de Recherche 1295Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleUniversitéToulouse-III-Paul-SabatierToulouse 31000France LimitAging Team Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et CardiovasculairesUnitéMixte de Recherche 1297Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleUniversitéToulouse III-Paul SabatierToulouse 31432France Service de Biochimie Pôle de biologieHôpital de PurpanCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de ToulouseToulouse 31300France L'Institut du Thorax Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de NantesNantes UniversitéNantes 44000France BioCore US16Structure Fédérative de Recherche BonamyInstitut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de NantesNantes UniversitéNantes 44000France Plate-forme de spectrométrie de masse Centre de Recherche en Nutrition HumaineOuestNantes 44000France 不详

Background:Adenosine triphosphatase inhibitory factor 1(IF1)is a key protein involved in energy ***1 has been linked to various agerelated diseases,although its relationship with physical activity(PA)remains ***,the apolipoprotein A-I(apoA-I),a PA-modulated lipoprotein,could play a role in this relationship because it shares a binding site with IF1 on the cell-surface ATP *** examined here the associations between chronic PA and plasma IF1 concentrations among older adults,and we investigated whether apoA-I mediated these ***:In the present work,1096 healthy adults(63.8%females)aged 70 years and over who were involved in the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial study were ***1 plasma concentrations(square root of ng/mL)were measured at the 1-year visit of the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial,while PA levels(square root of metabolic equivalent task min/week)were assessed using questionnaires administered each year from baseline to the 3-year *** linear regressions were performed to investigate the associations between the first-year mean PA levels and IF1 *** analyses were conducted to examine whether apoA-I mediated these *** linear regressions were carried out to investigate whether the 1-year visit IF1 concentrations predicted subsequent changes in ***:Multiple linear regressions indicated that first-year mean PA levels were positively associated with IF1 concentrations(B=0.021;SE=0.010;p=0.043).Mediation analyses revealed that about 37.7%of this relationship was mediated by apoA-I(B_(ab)=0.008;SE=0.004;p=0.023).Longitudinal investigations demonstrated that higher concentrations of IF1 at the 1-year visit predicted a faster decline in PA levels over the subsequent 2 years(time×IF1:B=0.148;SE=0.066;p=0.025).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that regular PA is associated with plasma IF1 concentrations,and it suggests that apoA-I partly med

关键词： Aging Apolipoprotein Bioenergetics Exerkine Mitochondria

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Hard and soft tissue augmentation with occlusive titanium barriers in jaw vertical defects:a novel approach

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 640-653页

作者： Fabio perret Mario Aimetti Mirko Andreasi Bassi Department of Surgical Sciences CIR Dental SchoolSection of PeriodontologyUniversity of TurinTurin 10127Italy

Aim:The aim of this study was to evaluate hard and soft tissue changes following guided bone regeneration(GBR),with occlusive titanium barriers(OTB),in the rehabilitation of partially edentulous atrophic *** bone gain(VBG),horizontal bone width(HBW),and flap thickness(FT)changes,observed between the first and the second surgical stages,were ***:The study included 35 patients(9 men and 26 women;mean age 60±10.53 years)in need of vertical bone augmentation for implant *** implants were placed,44 with a one-stage approach(group A)and 26 with a two-stage approach(group B).VBG,HBW,and FT were measured and statistically ***:VBG for implants placed in group B was significantly higher than those placed in group A(P=0.006).The increased HBW in group B was highly significant compared to that exhibited in group A(P=0.000).A highly significant difference was found in FT before and after the GBR in the two groups considered together,for both the upper and lower jaws(P=0.000 for both).Conclusions:OTBs are reliable devices in GBR,yielding predictable results in terms of bone *** almost all cases(94.3%),a spontaneous increase of the FT,at the second surgical phase,was *** could be due to the titanium surface features which increases spontaneously the thickness of soft tissues over the OTB.

关键词： Guided bone regeneration occlusive titanium barriers titanium foil non-resorbable barriers soft tissue increase bone augmentation

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Operculina and Neoassilina:A Revision of Recent Nummulitid Genera Based on Molecular and Morphological Data Reveals a New Genus

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1411-1424页

作者： Maria Holzmann Johann Hohenegger Laure Apothéloz-perret-Gentil Raphael Morard Sigal Abramovich Danna Titelboim Jan Pawlowski Department of Genetics and Evolution University of Geneva1211Geneva 4Switzerland Department of Paleontology Geozentrum1090WienAustria MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences University of Bremen28359BremenGermany Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences Ben Gurion University of the NegevBeer Sheva84105Israel Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of SciencesSopotPoland ID-Gene Ecodiagnostics 1202GenevaSwitzerland

The genus Operculina,a large symbiont-bearing benthic foraminifer,is characterized by high morphological variability showing thick involute to intermediate semi-involute to flat evolute *** morphotypes are either considered as ecophenotypes or distinct *** order to test the hypothesis of ecophenotypes versus different species,a single cell high throughput sequencing approach was applied to assess the interspecific diversity of *** results in two groups of ribotypes,one corresponding to Operculina ammonoides/Operculina discoidalis,the other containing Operculina complanata/Operculina *** groups can also be separated ***,*** and *** represent a single species and the latter can be regarded as a junior synonym of *** ammonoides and *** also form a single species,which makes the latter a junior synonym of *** generic differences in Operculina species are manifested in morphology and molecular genetics,the genus Neoassilina with the designated species Neoassilina ammonoides is *** analysis of ribosomal SSU rDNA data of eight recent nummulitid genera confirms the obtained high troughput sequencing results and further shows that Palaeonummulites venosus builds a clade with *** that branches at the base of other Nummulitidae containing Planostegina,Planoperculina,Cycloclypeus,Heterostegina,Operculinella and Neoassilina.

关键词： Operculina Neoassilina Nummulitidae interspecific diversity SSU rDNA morphology

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Cytokine and Antioxidant Regulation in the Intestine of the gray Mouse Lemur (Microcebus murinus) During Torpor

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2015年第2期13卷 127-135页

作者： Shannon N.Tessier Barbara A.Katzenback Fabien Pifferi Martine perret Kenneth B.Storey Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology Carleton University Department of Surgery & Center for Engineering in Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School Department of Biology University of Waterloo UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Muse'um National d'Histoire Naturelle

During food shortages, the gray mouse lemur（Microcebus murinus） of Madagascar experiences daily torpor thereby reducing energy expenditures. The present study aimed to understand the impacts of torpor on the immune system and antioxidant response in the gut of these *** interaction may be of critical importance given the trade-off between the energetically costly immune response and the need to defend against pathogen entry during hypometabolism. The protein levels of cytokines and antioxidants were measured in the small intestine（duodenum, jejunum,and ileum） and large intestine of aroused and torpid lemurs. While there was a significant decrease of some pro-inflammatory cytokines（IL-6 and TNF-a） in the duodenum and jejunum during torpor as compared to aroused animals, there was no change in anti-inflammatory cytokines. We observed decreased levels of cytokines（IL-12p70 and M-CSF）, and several chemokines（MCP-1and MIP-2） but an increase in MIP-1a in the jejunum of the torpid animals. In addition, we evaluated antioxidant response by examining the protein levels of antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity provided by metabolites such as glutathione（and others）. Our results indicatedthat levels of antioxidant enzymes did not change between torpor and aroused states, although antioxidant capacity was significantly higher in the ileum during torpor. These data suggest a suppression of the immune response, likely as an energy conservation measure, and a limited role of antioxidant defenses in supporting torpor in lemur intestine.

关键词： Primate torpor Cytokines Chemokines Antioxidant enzymes Gut immunology

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A 3D indicator for guiding AI applications in the energy sector

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第3期9卷 65-77页

作者： Hugo Quest Marine Cauz Fabian Heymann Christian Rod Lionel perret Christophe Ballif Alessandro Virtuani Nicolas Wyrsch École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering(IEM)Photovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory(PV-LAB)NeuchâtelSwitzerland S Swiss Solar Solutions AG ThunSwitzerland Planair SA Yverdon-les-BainsSwitzerland Swiss Federal Office for Energy(SFOE) Digital Innovation OfficeIttigenSwitzerland Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology(CSEM) Sustainable Energy CenterNeuchâtelSwitzerland

The utilisation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in the energy sector is gaining momentum, withincreasingly intensive search for suitable, high-quality and trustworthy solutions that displayed promisingresults in research. The growing interest comes from decision makers of both the industry and policydomains, searching for applications to increase companies’ profitability, raise efficiency and facilitate theenergy transition. This paper aims to provide a novel three-dimensional (3D) indicator for AI applicationsin the energy sector, based on their respective maturity level, regulatory risks and potential benefits. Casestudies are used to exemplify the application of the 3D indicator, showcasing how the developed frameworkcan be used to filter promising AI applications eligible for governmental funding or business *** addition, the 3D indicator is used to rank AI applications considering different stakeholder preferences(risk-avoidance, profit-seeking, balanced). These results allow AI applications to be better categorised in theface of rapidly emerging national and intergovernmental AI strategies and regulations that constrain the useof AI applications in critical infrastructures.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Digitalisation AI application Big data AI policy Energy sector

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Modulation of Gene Expression in Key Survival Pathways During Daily Torpor in the gray Mouse Lemur, Microcebus murinus

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2015年第2期13卷 111-118页

作者： Kyle K.Biggar Cheng-Wei Wu Shannon N.Tessier Jing Zhang Fabien Pifferi Martine perret Kenneth B.Storey Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology Carleton University Biochemistry Department Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University Department of Biology Genetics Institute University of Florida Department of Surgery & Center for Engineering in Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department Royal Military College of Canada UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Muse'um National d'Histoire Naturelle

A variety of mammals employ torpor as an energy-saving strategy in environments of marginal or severe stress either on a daily basis during their inactive period or on a seasonal basis during prolonged multi-day hibernation. Recently, a few Madagascar lemur species have been identified as the only primates that exhibit torpor; one of these is the gray mouse lemur（Microcebus murinus）. To explore the regulatory mechanisms that underlie daily torpor in a primate, we analyzed the expression of 28 selected genes that represent crucial survival pathways known to be involved in squirrel and bat hibernation. Array-based real-time PCR was used to compare gene expression in control（aroused） versus torpid lemurs in five tissues including the liver, kidney,skeletal muscle, heart, and brown adipose tissue. Significant differences in gene expression during torpor were revealed among genes involved in glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, antioxidant defense, apoptosis, hypoxia signaling, and protein protection. The results showed upregulation of select genes primarily in liver and brown adipose tissue. For instance, both tissues showed elevated gene expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma（ppargc）, ferritin（fth1）, and protein chaperones during torpor. Overall, the data show that the expression of only a few genes changed during lemur daily torpor, as compared with the broader expression changes reported for hibernation in ground squirrels. These results provide an indication that the alterations in gene expression required for torpor in lemurs are not as extensive as those needed for winter hibernation in squirrel models. However, identification of crucial genes with altered expression that support lemur torpor provides key targets to be explored and manipulated toward a goal of translational applications of inducible torpor as a treatment option in human biomedicine.

关键词： Daily torpor Primate hypometabolism PPAR gamma coactivator Ferritin Chaperone proteins

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Induction of Antioxidant and Heat Shock Protein Responses During Torpor in the gray Mouse Lemur, Microcebus murinus

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2015年第2期13卷 119-126页

作者： Cheng-Wei Wu Kyle K.Biggar Jing Zhang Shannon N.Tessier Fabien Pifferi Martine perret Kenneth B.Storey Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology Carleton University Department of Biology Genetics Institute University of Florida Biochemistry Department Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department Royal Military College Of Canada Department of Surgery & Center for Engineering in Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Muse'um National d'Histoire Naturelle

A natural tolerance of various environmental stresses is typically supported by various cytoprotective mechanisms that protect macromolecules and promote extended viability. Among these are antioxidant defenses that help to limit damage from reactive oxygen species and chaperones that help to minimize protein misfolding or unfolding under stress conditions. To understand the molecular mechanisms that act to protect cells during primate torpor, the present study characterizes antioxidant and heat shock protein（HSP） responses in various organs of control（aroused）and torpid gray mouse lemurs, Microcebus murinus. Protein expression of HSP70 and HSP90 a was elevated to 1.26 and 1.49 fold, respectively, in brown adipose tissue during torpor as compared with control animals, whereas HSP60 in liver of torpid animals was 1.15 fold of that in control（P 〈 0.05）. Among antioxidant enzymes, protein levels of thioredoxin 1 were elevated to 2.19 fold in white adipose tissue during torpor, whereas Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase 1 levels rose to 1.1 fold in skeletal muscle（P 〈 0.05）. Additionally, total antioxidant capacity was increased to 1.6 fold in liver during torpor（P 〈 0.05）, while remaining unchanged in the five other tissues. Overall, our data suggest that antioxidant and HSP responses are modified in a tissue-specific manner during daily torpor in gray mouse lemurs. Furthermore, our data also show that cytoprotective strategies employed during primate torpor are distinct from the strategies in rodent hibernation as reported in previous studies.

关键词： Heat shock proteins Antioxidant capacity Primate hypometabolism Stress response

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Validation and Implementation of the Lactate Minimum Test in Rowing

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Journal of Sports Science 2014年第2期2卷 81-89页

作者： Claudio perret Andrea Vrana Institute of Sports Medicine Swiss Paraplegic Centre Nottwil CH-6207 Switzerland Department of Health Sciences and Technology Human Movement Sciences ETH Zurich Zurich CH-8057 Switzerland

LMT (lactate minimum test) was found to be a valid and reliable testing concept for different sport disciplines. The aim of this study was to implement and validate the LMT in rowing due to considerable advantages for athletes and coaches compared to other established testing concepts in rowing. Twenty healthy and experienced male rowers completed two LMTs, one 2,000 m all-out trial and several endurance tests for MLSS (maximal lactate steady-state) determination on a rowing ergometer. For all tests performance, VO2, heart rate and lactate concentration were monitored. CV (coefficients of variation) for performance, heart rate and VO2 were all below 3.5% indicating a high reproducibility for these parameters at LM (lactate minimum) as well as at LMTpeak. Only lactate concentrations were revealed not to be well reproducible (CV > 12%). Performance at LM and MLSS showed a significant correlation (r2 = 0.660; P < 0.001). Comparison between data at LMTpeak and the 2,000 m time trial revealed a high correlation between performance and VO2peak data (performance: r2 = 0.923; P < 0.001, VO2peak: r2 = 0.860; P < 0.001). We conclude that the present LMT protocol allows assessment of VO2peak, MLSS and prediction of 2,000 m race performance based on one single test. Therefore, our LMT protocol represents a reliable and valid diagnostic tool for steering and monitoring the training process in rowing.

关键词：运动科学体育运动体育训练运动训练

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Primate Torpor: Regulation of Stress-activated Protein Kinases During Daily Torpor in the gray Mouse Lemur, Microcebus murinus

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2015年第2期13卷 81-90页

作者： Kyle K.Biggar Cheng-Wei Wu Shannon N.Tessier Jing Zhang Fabien Pifferi Martine perret Kenneth B.Storey Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology Carleton University Biochemistry Department Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University Department of Biology Genetics Institute University of Florida Department of Surgery & Center for Engineering in Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department Royal Military College of Canada UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Muse'um National d0Histoire Naturelle

Very few selected species of primates are known to be capable of entering torpor. This exciting discovery means that the ability to enter a natural state of dormancy is an ancestral trait among primates and, in phylogenetic terms, is very close to the human lineage. To explore the regulatory mechanisms that underlie primate torpor, we analyzed signal transduction cascades to discover those involved in coordinating tissue responses during torpor. The responses of mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） family members to primate torpor were compared in six organs of control（aroused） versus torpid gray mouse lemurs, Microcebus murinus. The proteins examined include extracellular signal-regulated kinases（ERKs）, c-jun NH2-terminal kinases（JNKs）, MAPK kinase（MEK）, and p38, in addition to stress-related proteins p53 and heat shock protein 27（HSP27）. The activation of specific MAPK signal transduction pathways may provide a mechanism to regulate the expression of torpor-responsive genes or the regulation of selected downstream cellular processes. In response to torpor, each MAPK subfamily responded differently during torpor and each showed organ-specific patterns of response. For example, skeletal muscle displayed elevated relative phosphorylation of ERK1/2 during torpor. Interestingly, adipose tissues showed the highest degree of MAPK activation. Brown adipose tissue displayed an activation of ERK1/2 and p38, whereas white adipose tissue showed activation of ERK1/2, p38, MEK, and JNK during torpor. Importantly, both adipose tissues possess specialized functions that are critical for torpor, with brown adipose required for non-shivering thermogenesis and white adipose utilized as the primary source of lipid fuel for torpor. Overall, these data indicate crucial roles of MAPKs in the regulation of primate organs during torpor.

关键词： Metabolic rate depression Signal transduction Mitogen activated protein kinase

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