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Testosterone and metabolic syndrome

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第2期17卷 192-196,I0006页

作者： glenn R Cunningham Departments of Medicine and Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of Medicine Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center 6624 Fannin Suite 1180 Houston TX 77030 USA.

Controversies surround the usefulness of identifying patients with the metabolic syndrome （MetS）. Many of the components are accepted risk factors for cardiovascular disease （CVD）. Although the MetS as defined includes many men with insulin resistance, insulin resistance is not universal. The low total testosterone （TT） and sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG） levels in these men are best explained by the hyperinsulinism and increased inflammatory cytokines that accompany obesity and increased waist circumference. It is informative that low SHBG levels predict future development of the MetS. Evidence is strong relating low TT levels to CVD in men with and without the MetS; however, the relationship may not be causal. The recommendations of the International Diabetes Federation for managing the MetS include cardiovascular risk assessment, lifestyle changes in diet, exercise, weight reduction and treatment of individual components of the MetS. Unfortunately, it is uncommon to see patients with the MetS lose and maintain a 10% weight loss. Recent reports showing testosterone treatment induced dramatic changes in weight, waist circumference, insulin sensitivity, hemoglobin Alc levels and improvements in each of the components of the MetS are intriguing. While some observational studies have reported that testosterone replacement therapy increases cardiovascular events, the Food and Drug Administration in the United States has reviewed these reports and found them to be seriously flawed. Large, randomized, placebo-controlled trials are needed to provide more definitive data regarding the efficacy and safety of this treatment in middle and older men with the MetS and low TT levels.

关键词： cardiovascular risk metabolic syndrome sex hormone binding globulin testosterone testosterone replacement therapy

Improved properties and thermal stability of a titanium-stainless steel solid-state weld with a niobium interlayer

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第20期79卷 191-204页

作者： Jianxiong Li Anupam Vivek glenn Daehn Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State University2041 College RoadColumbusOH43210USA

Stainless steel(SS)and titanium alloys can be welded in the solid-state by high speed oblique ***,the effect of a niobium(Nb)interlayer on weld strength and thermal stability is *** Ti/SS and Ti/Nb/SS welds were subjected to thermal exposure ranging from 300℃ to 950℃ for 1.5 *** exposure monotonically decreases the strength and toughness of the Ti/SS pair with a dramatic falloff in strength and change in failure mode from partial pullout failure to full interfacial fracture at 600℃.With the interlayer,toughness was increased versus baseline up to 700℃ thermal exposure and then intermetallic formation again caused falloff in *** for the production,properties and applications of these classes of welds are provided.

关键词： Impact spot welding Titanium alloy Stainless steel Nb interlayer Thermal exposure Phase transformation

Shock effects on the upper limit of the collision weld process window

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第2期12卷 365-378页

作者： Blake Barnett Anupam Vivek glenn Daehn Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA Army Research Directorate Army Research LaboratoryDEVCOMAberdeen Proving GroundHarfordMD21005USA

The maximum flyer impact velocity based on a dynamic solidification cracking mechanism is proposed to describe the upper limit of collision welding process ***,the upper limit of the weld window is governed by the evolution of dynamic stresses and temperatures at the weld *** formulations for the upper limit of the collision weld window assume that both the flyer and target are made of the same material and approximate stress propagation velocities using the acoustic velocity or the shear wave velocity of the weld ***,collision welding fundamentally depends on the impacts that generate shockwaves in weld members,which can dominate the stress propagation velocities in thin weld ***,this study proposes an alternative weld window upper limit that approximates stress propagation using shock velocities calculated from modified 1-D Rankine-Hugoniot *** shock upper limit is validated against the experimental and simulation data in the collision welding literature,and offers a design tool to rapidly predict more accurate optimal collision weld process limits for similar and dissimilar weld couples compared to existing models without the cost or complexity of high-fidelity simulations.

关键词： Collision welding Solid-state welding Shock impact Weld process modelling Explosive bonding Laser impulse welding(LIW)

Phylogeny of nucleus medianus of the posterior tubercle in ray-finned fishes

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第1期4卷 134-152页

作者： R.glenn NORTHCUTT Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology Scripps Institution of Oceanographyand Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaUSA

The brains of ray-finned fishes form a morphocline of increasing complexity,from cladistians through *** is particularly apparent in the posterior tubercle of the *** cladistians,the posterior tubercle consists of a periventricular nucleus and a migrated nucleus medianus that is fused across the *** more advanced ray-finned fishes,such as gars and bowfins,the posterior tubercle comprises numerous additional mi-grated nuclei,termed the preglomerular complex,in addition to a more well developed nucleus *** teleosts,the most derived ray-finned fishes,there is an even more elaborate preglomerular complex,but there is no recognizable nucleus *** an attempt to explain the variation in the posterior tubercle of the diencephalon in ray-finned fishes,the immunohistochemistry and connections of nucleus medianus were examined in cladistians,gars and *** each of these taxa,nucleus medianus exhibits large numbers of calretinin-positive neurons and has ascending projections that terminate in several divisions of the *** teleosts,such as goldfish,also exhibit numerous cell groups in the posterior tubercle that are rich in calretinin,none of these cell groups has connections that are comparable to those of nucleus medianus in non-teleost ray-finned *** is possible,therefore,that nucleus medianus was lost with the origin of teleosts.

关键词： bichirs evolution gars nucleus medianus posterior tubercle sturgeons.

Youth Council Participation in Disaster risk Reduction in Infanta and Makati,Philippines:A Policy Review

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International Journal of Disaster risk Science 2013年第3期4卷 126-136页

作者： glenn Fernandez Rajib Shaw Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto UniversityYoshida HonmachiSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8501Japan

Participatory disaster risk reduction(DRR) has been promoted to integrate the views of multiple actors and stakeholders and involve people in the decisions that affect their lives. Since 1974, a number of national policies in the Philippines have been encouraging the involvement of the Filipino youth in DRR initiatives in their communities. This study reviews the implementation of these policies through the Sangguniang Kabataan(youth councils) in Infanta Municipality and Makati City on the island of Luzon. It attempts to show the discrepancies between ideal scenarios reflected in the policies and actual youth council participation in DRR in practice by examining the availability of funds for youth councils to conduct DRR activities;the knowledge of youth council officials on the 2010 DRR law(Republic Act 10121);and the role of youth council officials in the Barangay(village level) DRR Committees. Several recommendations on how to enhance youth council participation in DRR are presented. Lessons from the Philippine policy experience can be useful for other countries in raising the involvement of their youth in DRR.

关键词： disaster island council

Analysis of Rarefied Effects of a Nano-scale Magnetic Head/Disk

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2009年第3期22卷 336-340页

作者： WANG Yazhen GYIMAH glenn Kwabena HUANG Ping School of Mechanical andAutomobile Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China Guangdong College of Industry and Commerce Guangzhou 510640 China

When the decrease in the space between magnetic head and disk arrived at 10 nm or less, which is much lower than the mean free path of gas molecules, the gas flow presents distinctive features against the macro features because of the rarefied effects. The modified Reynolds equation considering rarefied gas effect is used to calculate the rarefied region of a negative pressure magnetic head working in the distance of 10 nm. Inverse Knudsen number was adopted to calculating the ratio of the rarefied area. According to the numerical resuks, discussions and analyses are then presented to reveal the rarefied effect on the working performances of a magnetic head. The results show that the magnetic head works in the slip-flow and transition regions and moves to the transition region with the increase in velocity. Furthermore, the maximum rarefied effects occur at the side edges where the flying height is thinner and pressure is lower, rather than in the minimum flying height on the rear. The results also show that with considering the rarefied effects, the load-carrying capacity of the magnetic head and the maximum pressure decrease significantly, but the minimum pressure slightly changes.

关键词： rarefied region rarefied effect magnetic head/disk

ANTARCTIC GEOGRAPHIC DATA INTEGRATION(AGDI) “BRINGING IT ALL TOGETHER”

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2001年第2期4卷 52-62页

作者： glenn Johnstone AGDI Project Manager

As digital data of Antarctica is being collected and created at an ever increasing rate,the usefulness of these data for research,GIS analysis and planning has been increasing. Currently there is no formal standard for these datasets to meet,which causes difficulties in integrating data from different *** from scientists and researchers is that in order to perform any kind of GIS analyses on basic and fundamental datasets they need to have access to both:standardised and integrated data (a digital data product) and the `raw’ data in localised areas (a data library).Up until now there has been no coordinated approach or program to acquire,or even access fundamental datasets. The Antarctic Geographic Data Integration (AGDI) project is about bringing it all together,that is,to facilitate the availability of integrated fundamental GIS data for Antarctica through both a data product and a data library. This paper describes what AGDI is,why have it,what its aims are,details on the different components of AGDI and the status of various projects involved in the collection of fundamental *** also briefly outlines what may happen to AGDI developments and a future work program.

关键词： AGDI fundamental datasets

Whole grain intake and pancreatic cancer risk

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第4期10卷 530-533页

作者： glenn A.Gaesser College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZUSA

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide,and there is evidence that dietary factors contribute significantly to cancer risk(1).Whole grain foods are associated with a lower risk of several chronic diseases,including cancer,and are recommended as part of a healthy diet(1,2).Over the past 10 years,multiple meta-analyses have shown that whole grain intake is associated with lower risk of total and site-specific cancer incidence and mortality(3).

关键词： intake cancer mortality

Hybrid Optimized PI Controller Design for Grid Tied PV Based Electric Vehicle

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1523-1545页

作者： J.Aran glenn Srinivasan Alavandar Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering AMET Deemed to be UniversityChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Agni College of TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia

Nowadays,researchers are becoming increasingly concerned about developing a highly efﬁcient emission free transportation and energy generation system for addressing the pressing issue of environmental crisis in the form of pollution and climate *** introduction of Electric Vehicles(EVs)solves the challenge of emission-free transportation while the necessity for decarbonized energy production is fulﬁlled by the installation and expansion of solar-powered Photovoltaic(PV)***,this paper focuses on designing an effective PV based EV charging system that aids in stepping towards the achievement of a pollution free *** overcoming the inherent intermittency associated with PV,a novel DC-DC converter is designed by integrating both Trans Z-source con-verter and Luo converter,which offers remarkable beneﬁts of high conversion range,lesser voltage stress and excellent efﬁciency.A novel robust Lion Grey Wolf Optimized Proportional Integral(LGWO-PI)controller is designed for sig-niﬁcantly strengthening the operation of the integrated converter in terms of peak overshoot,Total harmonic Distortion(THD)and settling time.A 3’Voltage Source Inverter(VSI)is employed to convert the stable DC output from the PV sys-tem to AC,which is then used for driving the Brushless Direct Current Motor(BLDC)motor of *** speed of the BLDC is regulated using a PI *** BLDC motor gets the power supply from the grid during the unavailability of PV based power *** grid is integrated with the designed EV charging system through a 1’VSI and the process of grid voltage synchronization is carried out with the application of PI *** simulation for evaluating the operation of the presented EV charging system is done using MATLAB and the attained out-comes have validated that this introduced methodology delivers enhanced perfor-mance with optimal efﬁciency of 97.6%and lesser THD of 2.1%.

关键词： PV system trans Z-source based luo converter LGWO-PI controller BLDC motor PI controller single phase VSI three phase VSI