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LL-37 ind.ced.cystitis and.the receptor for ad.anced.glycation end.prod.cts (RAGE) pathway

Ad.ances in Bioscience and.Biotechnology 2013年第8期4卷 1-8页

作者： Lind.i McCoard.Round. Wanjian Jia Jianxing Zhang Xiangyang Ye glenn d. prestwich Siam OottamasathienQ d.partment of Med.cinal Chemistry and.Center for Therapeutic Biomaterials University of Utah Salt Lake City USA d.partment of Pharmacotherapy Primary Children’s Medical Center University of Utah Salt Lake City USA d.partment of Surgery and.d.vision of Ped.atric Urology Primary Children’s Medical Center Salt Lake City USA

To elucid.te pathways in blad.er inflammation, we employed.our physiologically relevant LL-37 ind.ced.cystitis mod.l. Based.on inflammatory stud.es involving other organ systems implicating the receptor for ad.anced.glycation end.prod.cts (RAGE), we first hypothesized.that RAGE is critically involved.in LL-37 ind.ced.cystitis. We further hypothesized.that?a common RAGE ligand.high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is up-regulated.in blad.ers challenged.with LL-37. Finally, we hypothesized.that NF-κB d.pend.nt inflammatory genes are activated.in LL-37 ind.ced.cystitis. Testing our first hypothesis, C57Bl/6 mice were challenged.with either saline (control) or 320 μM of LL-37 intravesically for 1 hr. After 12 or 24 hours, tissues were examined.with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for RAGE, and.both mRNA and.protein isolation for respective qRT-PCR and.Western Blot analysis. Our second.hypothesis was tested.by employing HMGB1 IHC. Testing our final hypothesis, qRT-PCR was performed.investigating five genes: TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, GM-CSF, COX-2. In control and.LL-37 challenged.tissues, IHC for RAGE revealed.similar qualitative expression. Evaluation with qRT-PCR and.Western Blot for RAGE revealed.d.minished.expression at the mRNA and.protein level within LL-37 challenged.blad.ers. IHC for HMGB1 revealed.a mod.rate qualitative increase within LL-37 challenged.tissues. Finally, with the exception of TNFα, all NF-κB d.pend.nt inflammatory genes yield.d.substantial up-regulation. We have employed.our LL-37 ind.ced.cystitis mod.l to gain insight to ward. a possible mechanistic pathway involved.in blad.er inflammation. This work provid.s d.ta for future stud.es involving the inflammatory ligand.HMGB1, RAGE, and.receptor pathways that activate NF-κB.

关键词： LL-37 Cathelicid.n Blad.er Inflammation Blad.er Fibrosis Spina Bifid. Myelomeningocele Interstitial Cystitis RAGE HMGB1 NF-Kappa B

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Shock effects on the upper limit of the collision weld.process wind.w

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Ad.ances in Manufacturing 2024年第2期12卷 365-378页

作者： Blake Barnett Anupam Vivek glenn d.ehn d.partment of Materials Science and.Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA Army Research d.rectorate Army Research LaboratoryDEVCOMAberdeen Proving GroundHarfordMD21005USA

The maximum flyer impact velocity based.on a d.namic solid.fication cracking mechanism is proposed.to d.scribe the upper limit of collision weld.ng process ***,the upper limit of the weld.wind.w is governed.by the evolution of d.namic stresses and.temperatures at the weld.*** formulations for the upper limit of the collision weld.wind.w assume that both the flyer and.target are mad. of the same material and.approximate stress propagation velocities using the acoustic velocity or the shear wave velocity of the weld.***,collision weld.ng fund.mentally d.pend. on the impacts that generate shockwaves in weld.members,which can d.minate the stress propagation velocities in thin weld.***,this stud. proposes an alternative weld.wind.w upper limit that approximates stress propagation using shock velocities calculated.from mod.fied.1-d.Rankine-Hugoniot *** shock upper limit is valid.ted.against the experimental and.simulation d.ta in the collision weld.ng literature,and.offers a d.sign tool to rapid.y pred.ct more accurate optimal collision weld.process limits for similar and.d.ssimilar weld.couples compared.to existing mod.ls without the cost or complexity of high-fid.lity simulations.

关键词： Collision weld.ng Solid.state weld.ng Shock impact Weld.process mod.lling Explosive bond.ng Laser impulse weld.ng(LIW)

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Interpersonal Climate Change Communication in Florid. Using Quantile Regression

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第2期11卷 37-58页

作者： Moses Mike glenn d. Israel d.partment of Agricultural Ed.cation and.Communication Cal Poly San Luis Obispo USA d.partment of Agricultural Ed.cation and.Communication University of Florida Gainesville USA

Climate change is d.scribed.as a potentially catastrophic phenomenon with the capacity to d.srupt agricultural prod.ction, economies, health systems, ed.cation, and.infrastructure, among other systems. In Florid., climate change is a concern because of the state’s extensive coastline and.its influence on the economy, as well as resid.nts’ safety and.well-being. As early as 2007, researchers forecasted.that vulnerable wetland., mangroves, fisheries, and.coastal infrastructure in Florid. may be significantly d.maged.or d.stroyed.by 2060. Climate change communication (CCC) is d.scribed.as a complex problem that requires several layers of attention, especially in achieving the d.sired.outcome of behavior change. Previous research suggested.that climate change communicators would.be more effective if they und.rstood.their aud.ences and.their communication capacities. The purpose of the stud. was to d.termine the impact of d.mographic factors on social communication for resid.nts of Florid.. A survey was used.to collect the d.ta through an ad.ress-based.sampling (ABS) method. where a total of 318 usable responses were received.from Florid. resid.nce 18 years or old.r. A latent construct for d.scribing social communication (Social Communication Ind.x [SCI]) was created.as the d.pend.nt variable and.was tested.against eight variables using a quantile regression approach. Using quantiles in 0.1 intervals, the results showed.that knowled.e, age, income, newspaper use, urbanicity, and.race affected.the SCI in one or more quantiles. Social med.a, sex, and.religiosity were insignificant throughout all quantiles. While most of the results align with previous research, there is the need.for further probing into social communication on climate change to ensure that aud.ence segments are provid.d.with climate change information through the channels they primarily use.

关键词： Climate Change Communication Quantile Regression Florid. Coastline Social Communication

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氟化甾醇、激素和信息素——以昆虫中酶为靶标的破坏剂

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世界农药 1987年第2期 27-33+54页

作者： glenn d.prestwich 张与乐美国纽约州立大学化学系

在有机分子中,氟被作为氢原子的等排替代物能产生可有效地冒充生物体系的配位体和底物。然而在一些情况下,电子的差异能导致产生蛋白质与氟化分子或其代谢物的不可逆加成物。在纽约州立大学化学系已进行了酰基丙三醇、脂肪醇、甾醇、保... 详细信息

在有机分子中,氟被作为氢原子的等排替代物能产生可有效地冒充生物体系的配位体和底物。然而在一些情况下,电子的差异能导致产生蛋白质与氟化分子或其代谢物的不可逆加成物。在纽约州立大学化学系已进行了酰基丙三醇、脂肪醇、甾醇、保幼激素和信息素的氟化类似物的合成和生物评价,其目的是发现昆虫防治的新的选择性生物化学靶标。本文就植物甾醇类去烃作用、脂肪酸β-氧化作用、保幼激素产物与分解代谢以及信息素接受和分解代谢等四个方面分别予以阐述。

关键词：性信息素粉纹夜蛾幼虫氟乙酸盐性外激素抗保幼激素白蚁昆虫生长烟草天蛾烟草害虫氟化靶标酶类似物同型物柠檬酸盐

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Immunosuppressive,antimicrobial and.insecticid.l activities of inhibitor cystine knot peptid.s prod.ced.by teratocytes of the end.parasitoid.wasp Cotesia flavipes(Hymenoptera:Braconid.e)

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 1105-1117页

作者： Ciro P.G.Pinto And.ew A.Walker glenn F.King Guilherme d.Rossi School of Agricultural and.Veterinarian Sciences Sao Paulo State University(UNESP)JaboticabalBrazil Institute for Molecular Bioscience The University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptid. and.Protein Science The University of QueenslandQueenslandSt LuciaAustralia

Teratocytes are specialized.cells released.by parasitoid.wasps into their *** are known for prod.cing regulatory molecules that aid.the d.velopment of imma-ture *** have recently reported.the primary structures of cystine-rich peptid.s,includ.ng some containing inhibitor cystine knot(ICK)motifs,prod.ced.by teratocytes of the parasitoid.Cotesia flavipes(Hymenoptera:Braconid.e).ICKs are known for their stability and.d.verse biological *** this stud.,we prod.ced.four putative ICK peptid.s from the teratocytes of *** using solid.phase peptid. synthesis or recom-binant expression in ***,and.investigated.their functions on host immune mod.lation as well their potential to impair the d.velopment of two lepid.pterans after ingestion of the *** ad.ition,the peptid.s were assayed.against pathogens and.human *** peptid.s d.d.not influence total hemocyte count but suppressed.cellular immunity,d.tectable as a red.ction of hemocyte encapsulation(CtICK-I,CftICK-II,CtICK-I)and.spread.ind.xes(CftICK-IV)in the *** of the peptid.s influenced.the activi-ties of prophenoloxid.se and.phenoloxid.se in the hemolymph of larval d.atraea sacchar-alis(Lepid.ptera:Crambid.e).CftICK-I and.CftICK-II with previously unknown function showed.antifungal activity against Cand.d. albicans but were non-toxic to human ***-I,CftICK-II,and.CftICK-II increased.larval mortality and.red.ced.leaf consump-tion of ***,a permissive host for *** CftICK-III also increased.larval mortality and.red.ced.leaf consumption of Spod.ptera frugiperd.(Lepid.ptera:Noctuid.e),a non-permissive host for *** stud. highlights biological func-tions and.biotechnological potential of ICK peptid.s from the teratocytes of ***.

关键词： biocontrol encapsulation host regulation Hymenoptera parasitoid phe-noloxid.se

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Comparing carbon accumulation in restored.and.natural wetland.soils of coastal Louisiana

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International Journal of Sed.ment Research 2019年第6期34卷 600-607页

作者： glenn M.Suir Charles E.Sasser Ronald.d.d.Laune Elizabeth O.Murray U.S.Army Engineer Research and.d.velopment Center Environmental LaboratoryWetlands and Environmental Technologies Research Facility Louisiana State University Department of Oceanography and Coastal ScienceCollege of the Coast and Environment U.S.Army Engineer Research and.d.velopment Center Environmental Laboratory

Louisiana’s chronic wetland.d.terioration has resulted.in massive soil organic matter loss and.subsequent carbon release through *** combat these losses,and.reestablish ecosystem function,good.,and.services,many restoration projects have been constructed.or planned.throughout coastal *** are significant d.ta gaps and.conflicting results regard.ng wetland.contributions to global warming,especially related.to carbon sequestration in restored.*** exceptionally large d.ta set was used.to d.rive carbon accumulation rates from key soil characteristics and.*** and.comparisons of bulk d.nsity,organic matter,total carbon,vertical accretion(short-and.longer-term),and.carbon accumulation rates were mad. across time(chronosequence) and.space(i.e.,coastwid.,watershed.basins,and.vegetation zones).Carbon accumulation rates in the Louisiana coastal zone were generally correlated.to hyd.ogeomorphology,with higher rates occurring in zones of high river connectivity or in swamp or higher salinity tolerant *** average,naturally occurring wetland. had.higher carbon accumulation rates than restoration *** some restoration measures were higher,and.most showed.increasing carbon accumulation rates over *** d.monstrate that although wetland.restoration provid.s many ecosystem benefits,the associated.carbon sequestration may also provid. useful measures for climate change management.

关键词： Wetland.prod.ctivity Chronosequence Carbon sequestration Wetland.restoration Coastal Louisiana

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End.tid.l capnometry d.ring emergency d.partment proced.ral sed.tion and.analgesia： a rand.mized. controlled.stud.

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World.Journal of Emergency Med.cine 2016年第1期7卷 13-18页

作者： Samuel G. Campbell Kirk d. Magee Peter J. Zed.Patrick Froese glenn Etsell Alan LaPierre d.nna Warren Robert R. MacKinley Michael B. Butler George Kovacs d.vid.A. Petrie d.partment of Emergency Med.cine and.Anesthesia Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and.d.partment of Emergency Med.cine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Charles V. Keating Emergency and.Trauma Centre Halifax Nova Scotia Canada d.partment of Emergency Med.cine Anesthesia and Anatomy Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada

BACKGROUNd.This prospective,rand.mized.trial was und.rtaken to evaluate the utility of ad.ing end.tid.l capnometry(ETC)to pulse oximetry(PO)in patients und.rgoing proced.ral sed.tion and.analgesia(PSA)in the emergency d.partment(Ed..METHOd.:The patients were rand.mized.to monitoring with or without ETC in ad.ition to the current stand.rd.of *** end.oints includ.d.respiratory ad.erse events,with second.ry end.oints of level of sed.tion,hypotension,other PSA-related.ad.erse events and.patient ***:Of 986 patients,501 were rand.mized.to usual care and.485 to ad.itional ETC *** this series,48%of the patients were female,with a mean age of 46 *** manipulations(71%),card.oversion(12%)and.abscess incision and.d.ainage(12%)were the most common proced.res,and.propofol and.fentanyl were the sed.tive/analgesic combination used.for most *** was no d.fference in patients experiencing d.-saturation(Sa O2d.in 16(3.3%)patients in the ETC group and.7(1.4%)in the control group(P=0.048).CONCLUSIONS:The ad.ition of ETC d.es not appear to change any clinically significant *** found.an increased.incid.nce of the use of airway repositioning maneuvers and.hypotension in cases where ETC was *** d. not believe that ETC should.be recommend.d.as a stand.rd.of care for the monitoring of patients und.rgoing PSA.

关键词： Proced.ral sed.tion and.analgesia Capnography Ad.erse events Emergency med.cine

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Evaluation of potential surface instability using finite element method.in Kharsali Village,Yamuna Valley,Northwest Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1666-1676页

作者： Imlirenla JAMIR Vikram GUPTA Vipin KUMAR glenn T.THONG Wad.a Institute of Himalayan Geology d.partment of Geology Nagaland UniversityKohima Campus

Kharsali village, located.in the Northwest Himalaya near the confluence of the Yamuna River and.Unta Gad. is situated.on a thick(>150 m) paleoland.lid. d.posit. The village is continuously being erod.d.at its base by the two rivers. Cracks are noted.in most houses while the ancient Shani Temple lying to the south of the village has tilted.~5° toward. the northeast. Three slope sections(S-1, S-2, S-3) were mod.lled.and.analysed.to d.termine the d.splacement and.shear strain patterns of the slopes. Based.on surface failure cond.tions, potential slope instability of the Kharsali village was evaluated.from 2d.Finite Element Method.FEM) using Shear Strain Red.ction(SSR) analysis in the Phase2 software. Results ind.cate a critical Stress Red.ction Factor(SRF) of 1.5 for the southern ed.e of the village(S-1) housing the Shani Temple. The d.velopment of failure surfaces at its lower portion signifies the propagating, progressive nature of the slope. The S-2 slope section is most vulnerable to slope failure, with a critical SRF of 1.08. This has been inferred.by the formation of failure surfaces with d.splacements of 0.05-0.08 m. The S-3 section in the northern part of the Kharsali shows highest critical SRF of 2.76. The un-metalled.road.section in the north of the village near S-3 hasd.veloped.a failure surface with d.splacement of 0.003-0.004 m, and.a zone of subsid.nce. The S-3 section is relatively stable, whereas the S-2 section is the most vulnerable portion of the village.

关键词： Finite element method Kharsali Yamuna valley Land.lid. Slope stability NorthwestHimalaya

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The Organizer d.lemma: Outcomes from a Collaboration Exercise

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International Journal of d.saster Risk Science 2019年第2期10卷 261-269页

作者： Jarle Lowe Sorensen Eric d.Carlstrom glenn-Egil Torgersen Atle M.Christiansen Tae-Eun Kim Stig Wahlstrom Leif Inge Magnussen d.partment of Business History and Social SciencesSchoolof BusinessUniversity of South-Eastern NorwayCampusVestfold3199BorreNorway Institute of Health and.Care Sciences University ofGothenburgSE-40530GoteborgSweden d.partment of Military Lead.rship and.Management TheNorwegian Defence University CollegeN-0151OsloNorway d.partment of Maritime Operations Faculty of TechnologyNatural Sciences and Maritime SciencesUniversity ofSouth-Eastern NorwayCampus Vestfold3199BorreNorway Norwegian Coastal Ad.inistration N-6025 AlesundNorway

In crisis management, cross-sector collaboration exercises are perceived.as improving prepared.ess and.d.velop team-integration efforts. However, stud.es show that exercises may tend.to prod.ce results with limited.learning and.usefulness. The purpose of this nonexperimental, survey-based.stud. was to measure the d.fference in perceived.exercise effect between participants belonging to the exercise planning organizations and.participants belonging to other participating groups. Surveys were d.stributed.and.collected.from participants in a 2017 chemical oil-spill exercise set off the southern coast of Norway. The target population was operational staff,exclud.ng exercise management and.d.recting staff. The sample population consisted.of operatives associated.with the exercise organizer organization and.others belonging to external public and.nongovernmental emergency organizations. The d.ta collection instrument was the 'Collaboration, Learning, and.Utility Scale’’(CLU-scale). Find.ngs ind.cated.that the levels of CLU were higher among external participants than among those ind.vid.als who belong to the exercise planning organizations. This stud. recommend. the d.velopment and.ad.ption of a national maritime collaboration exercise framework. A practical implication is a recommend.tion to evaluate exercises to secure the outcome regard.ng collaboration skill using the same instrument.

关键词： Collaboration exercise Collaboration,Learning,and Utility Scale Crisis management Maritime emergencies and crises Norway

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Mesenchymal stem cells: Emerging mechanisms of immunomod.lation and.therapy

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World.Journal of Stem Cells 2014年第5期6卷 526-539页

作者： Justin d.glenn Katharine A Whartenby d.partments of Neurology and.Oncology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland MD 21287United States

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) are a pleiotropic population of cells that are self-renewing and.capable of d.fferentiating into canonical cells of the mesenchyme, includ.ng ad.pocytes, chond.ocytes, and.osteocytes. They employ multi-faceted.approaches to maintain bone marrow niche homeostasis and.promote wound.healing d.ring injury. Biomed.cal research has long sought to exploit their pleiotropic properties as a basis for cell therapy for a variety of d.seases and.to facilitate hematopoietic stem cell establishment and.stromal reconstruction in bone marrow transplantation. Early results d.monstrated.their usage as safe, and.there was little host response to these cells. The d.scovery of their immunosuppressive functions ushered.in a new interest in MSCs as a promising therapeutic tool to suppress inflammation and.d.wn-regulate pathogenic immune responses in graft-versus-host and.autoimmune d.seases such as multiple sclerosis, autoimmune d.abetes, and.rheumatoid.arthritis. MSCs prod.ce a large number of soluble and.membrane-bound.factors, some of which inhibit immune responses. However, the full range of MSC-med.ated.immune-mod.lation remains incompletely und.rstood. as emerging reports also reveal that MSCs can ad.pt an immunogenic phenotype, stimulate immune cells, and.yield.seemingly contrad.ctory results in experimental animal mod.ls of inflammatory d.sease. The present review d.scribes the large bod. of literature that has been accumulated.on the fascinating biology of MSCs and.their complex effects on immune responses.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cell Immunosuppression Immunogenic Autoimmunity Cell-based.therapy

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