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Neglected features of lifestyle: Their relevance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第33期8卷 1459-1465页

作者： Francesca M Trovato giuseppe fabio martines Daniela Brischetto Guglielmo Trovato Daniela Catalano Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Postgraduate School of Clinical Echo-graphythe University of Catania Clinical Research and Innovation Project Planning Unit the School of Medicine and AOU Policlinicothe University of Catania Department of Medicine the School of Medicine of the University of Catania

AIMTo investigated in non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease (NAFLD), with ultrasound (US)-detected fatty liver, and in a group of non-alcoholic and otherwise healthy subjects, relationship of neglected features of lifestyle with NAFLD and obesity. METHODSFive hundred and thirty-two NAFLD and 667 non-NAFLD healthy subjects, age 21-60 years were studied. Severity of liver steatosis was assessed by US bright liver score. The adherence to mediterranean diet score (AMDS) was assessed on the basis of a 1-wk recall computerized questionnaire which included a detailed physical activity reports (Baecke questionnaire). The western dietary profile score, as a simplified paradigm of unhealthy diet, a questionnaire quantifying sun exposure score and a sleep habits questionnaires provided a further comprehensive lifestyle assessment. RESULTSBody mass index (BMI), insulin resistance (HOMA), and triglycerides, poorer adherence to a mediterranean diet profile, sedentary habits, minor sun exposure and use of “western diet” foods are greater in NAFLD. Multiple linear regression analysis, weighted by years of age, displays BMI, HOMA and AMDS as the most powerful independent predictors of fatty liver severity; however, also the physical activity score, the western diet habit and the sun exposure score are acting inside the model with significant independent effects. CONCLUSIONArticulated clinical intervention, according to our results, are justified in NAFLD and can be pursued addressing by focused intervention nutritional profile, physical exercise mainly in open-air subsets for enhancing sun exposure and healthier sleep duration and rhythm.

关键词： Fatty liver Ultrasound Diet Malnutrition Sleep Clinical risk management Health psychology Sun exposure Obesity

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Knowledge-Enhanced Conversational Agents

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第3期39卷 585-609页

作者： fabio Caffaro giuseppe Rizzo LINKS Foundation 10138 TurinItaly

Humanity has fantasized about artificial intelligence tools able to discuss with human beings fluently for *** efforts have been proposed ranging from ELIZA to the modern vocal *** the large interest in this research and innovation field,there is a lack of common understanding on the concept of conversational agents and general over expectations that hide the current limitations of existing *** work proposes a literature review on the subject with a focus on the most promising type of conversational agents that are powered on top of knowledge bases and that can offer the ground knowledge to hold conversation autonomously on different *** describe a conceptual architecture to define the knowledge-enhanced conversational agents and investigate different domains of *** conclude this work by listing some promising research pathways for future work.

关键词： conversational agent dialogue system knowledge enhancing artificial agent intelligent conversation

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Lower limb suspension induces threshold-specific alterations of motor units properties that are reversed by active recovery

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 264-276页

作者： Giacomo Valli fabio Sarto Andrea Casolo Alessandro Del Vecchio Martino V.Franchi Marco V.Narici giuseppe De Vito Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PadovaPadova 35131Italy Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering Friedrich-Alexander UniversityErlangen-Nurnberg 91052Germany

Purpose:This study aimed to non-invasively test the hypothesis that(a) short-term lower limb unloading would induce changes in the neural control of force production(based on motor units(MUs) properties) in the vastus lateralis muscle and(b) possible changes are reversed by active recovery(AR).Methods:Ten young males underwent 10 days of unilateral lower limb suspension(ULLS) followed by 21 days of *** ULLS,participants walked exclusively on crutches with the dominant leg suspended in a slightly flexed position(15°-20°) and with the contralateral foot raised by an elevated *** AR was based on resistance exercise(leg press and leg extension) and executed at 70% of each participant’s 1repetition maximum,3 times/*** voluntary isometric contraction(MVC) of knee extensors and MUs properties of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured at baseline,after ULLS,and after *** were identified using high-density electromyography during trapezoidal isometric contractions at 10%,25%,and 50% of the current MVC,and individual MUs were tracked across the 3 data collection ***:We identified 1428 unique MUs,and 270 of them(18.9%) were accurately *** ULLS,MVC decreased by 29.77%,MUs absolute recruitment/derecruitment thresholds were reduced at all contraction intensities(with changes between the 2 variables strongly correlated),while discharge rate was reduced at 10% and 25% but not at 50% *** MVC and MUs properties fully recovered to baseline levels after *** changes were observed in the pool of total as well as tracked ***:Our novel results demonstrate,non-invasively,that 10 days of ULLS affected neural control predominantly by altering the discharge rate of lower-threshold but not of higher-threshold MUs,suggesting a preferential impact of disuse on motoneurons with a lower depolarization ***,after 21 days of AR,the impaired MUs properties were fully restored to baseline levels,highlighting the plas

关键词： Disuse High-density EMG Muscle disuse Neural impairment Neuromuscular degeneration

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Antifouling Properties of Electrospun Polymeric Coatings Induced by Controlled Surface Morphology

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 409-419页

作者： fabio L.Favrin Lorenzo Zavagna Matteo Sestini Semih Esin Bahareh Azimi Massimiliano Labardi Mario Milazzo giuseppe Gallone Giovanna Batoni Serena Danti Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering University of PisaLargo Lucio Lazzarino 256122PisaItaly Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery University of Pisavia San Zeno 35-3956123PisaItaly Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes(IPCF) National Research Council(CNR)Pisa Research AreaVia Moruzzi 156124PisaItaly Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)Massachusetts Ave.77CambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA

Nosocomial infections affect implanted medical devices and greatly challenge their functional outcomes,becoming sometimes life threatening for the ***,aggressive antibiotic therapies are administered,which often require the use of last-resort drugs,if the infection is caused by multi-drug-resistant *** the risk of bacterial contamination of medical devices in the hospitals has thus become an emerging *** routes to control these infections are based on materials provided with intrinsic bactericidal properties(i.e.,chemical action)and on the design of surface coatings able to limit bacteria adhesion and fouling phenomena(i.e.,physical action),thus preventing bacterial biofilm ***,we report the development and validation of coatings made of layer-by-layer deposition of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoro ethylene)P(VDF-TrFE)fibers with controlled orientations,which ultimately gave rise to antifouling *** obtained 10-layer surface morphology with 90°orientation fibers was able to efficiently prevent the adhesion of bacteria,by establishing a superhydrophobic-like behavior compatible with the Cassie-Baxter ***,the results highlighted that surface wettability and bacteria adhesion could be controlled using fibers with diameter comparable to bacteria size(i.e.,achievable via electrospinning process),by tuning the intra-fiber spacing,with relevant implications in the future design of biomedical surface coatings.

关键词： additive manufacturing Escherichia coli fibers Poly(vinylidene fluoride-cotrifluoro ethylene)P(VDF-TrFE) Pseudomonas aeruginosa superhydrophobic

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Assessment of slow deformations and landslide modelling in the urban area through a multi-methodological approach

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： fabio Ietto Massimo Conforti Cristiano Tolomei Federico Cella giuseppe Cianflone Università degli Studi della Calabria， Dipartimento di Biologia， Ecologia e Scienze della Terra (DiBEST)， Via P.Bucci， Cubo 15B， 87036 Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche (CNR)， Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI)， Via Cavour INGV-Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia， Via di Vigna Murata 605 Università di Camerino， Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologia， Sez.Geologia， Via Gentile III da Varano 27

Slow-moving landslides are widespread in the Mediterranean area， causing damage to the exposed facilities and economic losses in many countries. The recognition of slow-moving landslides in urban areas is always a difficult task to deal with because the presence of buildings， infrastructures， and human activities usually conceals the morphological signs of these landslide activities. So， in the last decades， numerous researchers have shown new methodologies to deepen the studies of similar instability phenomena. The present research is based on an integrated approach to investigate the landslide boundaries， type of movement， failure surface depth， and vulnerability state of buildings in Rota Greca village (Calabria region， southern Italy) affected by a slow-moving landslide. For this purpose， multi-source data were acquired through geological and geomorphological surveys， recognition of landslide-induced damage on the built environment， subsurface investigations (e.g.， continuous drill boreholes， Standard Penetration Test， Rock Quality Designation index and inclinometer monitoring)， laboratory tests (direct shear tests on undisturbed samples)， geophysical survey， and InSAR-derived map of deformation rates. The complete integration of multi-source data allowed for the construction of reliable landslide modelling with relative geotechnical properties. In addition， the cross-comparison between surface deformation data by SAR images and severity damage level collected on the exposed buildings enabled to obtain the vulnerability map of the built area. In particular， the achieved goals highlighted two failure surfaces at about -13 and -25 m depth， causing a high vulnerability value for the buildings allocated in the central portion of the Rota Greca village. The knowledge acquired by the multi-approach can be used to manage and implement appropriate landslide risk mitigation strategies， providing helpful advice and best practices to state-run organisations and stakeholder

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Tumor budding as a potential histopathological biomarker in colorectal cancer:Hype or hope?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第45期18卷 6532-6536页

作者： fabio Grizzi giuseppe Celesti Gianluca Basso Luigi Laghi Laboratories of Molecular Gastroenterology Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzano20089 MilanItaly

Colorectal cancer （CRC）, the third most commonly di- agnosed type of cancer in men and women worldwide is recognized as a complex multi-pathway disease, an observation sustained by the fact that histologically identical tumors may have different outcome, including various response to therapy. Therefore, particularly in early and intermediate stage （stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respec- tively） CRC, there is a compelling need for biomarkers helpful of selecting patients with aggressive disease that might benefit from adjuvant and targeted therapy. Histopathological examination shows that likely other solid tumors the development and progression of hu- man CRC is not only determined by genetically abnor- mal cells, but also by intricate interactions between malignant cells and the surrounding microenvironment. This has led to reconsider the features of tumor mi- croenvironment as potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers. Among the histopathological biomarkers, tumor budding （i.e., the presence of individual cells and small clusters of tumor cells at the tumor invasive front）has received much recent attention, particularly in the setting of CRC. Although its acceptance as a reportable factor has been held back by a lack of uniformity with respect to qualitative and quantitative aspects, tumor budding is now considered as an independent adverse prognostic factor in CRC that may allow for stratifica- tion of patients into risk categories more meaningful than those defined by tumor-node-metastasis staging alone, and also potentially guide treatment decisions, especially in T2-T3 NO （stage Ⅱ） CRCs.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Tumor budding Bio-marker Histopathology

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ADV36 adipogenic adenovirus in human liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14706-14716页

作者： Francesca M Trovato Daniela Catalano Adriana Garozzo G fabio martines Clara Pirri Guglielmo M Trovato Department of Medical anPediatric Sciences Internal Medicine University of Catania95100 Catania Italy Department of Biomedical Science University of Catania 95100 Catania Italy

obesity and liver steatosis are usually described as related *** is regarded as exclusive consequence of an imbalance between food intake and physical exercise,modulated by endocrine and genetic ***-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),is a condition whose natural history is related to,but not completely explained by over-nutrition,obesity and insulin *** is evidence that environmental infections,and notably adipogenic adenoviruses(ADV)infections in humans,are associated not only with obesity,which is sufficiently established,but also with allied conditions,such as fatty *** order to elucidate the role,if any,of previous ADV36 infection in humans,we investigated association of ADV36-ADV37 seropositivity with obesity and fatty liver in ***,the possibility that lifestyle-nutritional intervention in patients with NAFLD and different ADV36 seropositive status,achieves different clinical outcomes on ultrasound bright liver imaging,insulin resistance and obesity was ***36 seropositive patientshave a more consistent decrease in insulin resistance,fatty liver severity and body weight in comparison with ADV36 seronegative patients,indicating a greater responsiveness to nutritional *** effects were not dependent on a greater pre-interventional body weight and older *** results imply that no obvious disadvantage-and,seemingly,that some benefit-is linked to ADV36 seropositivity,at least in ***36 previous infection can boost weight loss and recovery of insulin sensitivity under interventional treatment.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Human adenovirus 36 Obesity Insulin resistance Mediterranean diet Ultrasound

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Energy analysis of a wood or pellet stove in a single-family house equipped with gas boiler and radiators

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Building Simulation 2022年第9期15卷 1577-1593页

作者： Marco Marigo fabio Zulli Sara Bordignon Laura Carnieletto giuseppe Emmi Michele De Carli Department of Industrial Engineering-Applied Physics Section University of PadovaVia Venezia 1-35131PadovaItaly

In the residential sector,biomass appliances are widely used for space heating and often combined with other *** work aims at comparing the final and primary energy consumption of different configurations,including a conventional and a ducted pellet stove and a wood log stove using air as heat transfer fluid.A dynamic analysis of the interaction between biomass stoves and conventional heating systems,such as gas boilers and radiators,is carried out within a typical single-family house in a mild climate,using TRNSYS *** addition,natural ventilation of the building is considered using CONTAM,with a focus on external infiltrations and internal air circulation due to the buoyancy *** show that the biomass device in one room promotes the airflows between adjacent thermal zones,enhancing the heat distribution through door openings,in particular when an air ducted stove is *** final energy consumption resulting from simulations with wood-burning stoves is 21%higher than pellet *** pellet stove results in similar final energy and a 30%increase in overall primary energy,while the wood stove increases the final energy by 22%and approximately 40%of overall primary energy compared to the case of a traditional gas system coupled to radiators which is considered as ***,non-renewable primary energy savings are higher than 50%with pellet stoves and 60%with wood-log stoves.

关键词： energy model pellet stove wood log stove biomass CONTAM TRNSYS

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How the optical timing system,the longitudinal diagnostics and the associated feedback systems provide femtosecond stable operation at the FERMI free electron laser

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第2期4卷 14-28页

作者： Mario Ferianis Enrico Allaria Eugenio Ferrari Giulio Gaio giuseppe Penco fabio Rossi Marco Veronese Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.

FERMI, the seeded free electron laser(FEL) in operation in Italy, is providing the User Community with unique fully coherent radiation, in the wavelength range 100–4 nm. FERMI is the first FEL fully synchronized by means of optical fibers. The optical timing system ensures an ultra-stable phase reference to its distributed clients. Several femtosecond longitudinal diagnostics verify the achieved performance; the bunch length monitor(BLM) and the bunch arrival monitor(BAM) will be presented in this paper. Feedback systems play a crucial role to guarantee the needed longterm electron beam stability. A real-time infrastructure allows shot-to-shot communication between front-end computers and the servers. Orbit feedbacks are useful in machine tuning, whereas longitudinal feedbacks control electron energy,compression and arrival time. A flexible software framework allows a rapid implementation of heterogeneous multiinput–multi-output(MIMO) longitudinal loops simply by selecting the appropriate sensors and actuators.

关键词： feedback system femtosecond longitudinal diagnostics optical timing

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S100B protein in the gut:The evidence for enteroglial-sustained intestinal inflammation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第10期17卷 1261-1266页

作者： Carla Cirillo Giovanni Sarnelli giuseppe Esposito fabio Turco Luca Steardo Rosario Cuomo Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" Department of Human Physiology and Pharmacology University of Rome "La Sapienza"

Glial cells in the gut represent the morphological and functional equivalent of astrocytes and microglia in the central nervous system （CNS）. In recent years, the role of enteric glial cells （EGCs） has extended from that of simple nutritive support for enteric neurons to that of being pivotal participants in the regulation of inflammatory events in the gut. Similar to the CNS astrocytes, the EGCs physiologically express the SIOOB protein that exerts either trophic or toxic effects depending on its concentration in the extracellular milieu. In the CNS, SIOOB overexpression is responsible for the initiation of a gliotic reaction by the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, which may have a deleterious effect on neighboring cells. SlOOB-mediated pro-inflammatory effects are not limited to the brain： SIOOB overexpression is associated with the onset and maintenance of inflammation in the human gut too. In this review we describe the major features of EGCs and SIOOB protein occurring in intestinal inflammation deriving from such.

关键词： Enteric glial cells Nitric oxide Intestinaldiseases

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