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Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-lalpha mediates Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 enhancement in human adherent monocytes fed with malarial pigment

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第12期4卷 925-930页

作者： giuliana giribaldi Elena Valente Amina Khadjavi Manuela Polimeni Mauro Prato Dipartimento di Genetica Biologia e BiochimicaFacolta di Medicina e ChirurgiaUniversita degli studi di TorinoTorinoItaly Dipartimento di Genetica Biologia e BiochimicaFacolta di Medicina e ChirurgiaUniversita degli studi di TorinoTurinoItaly Corresponding author:Prof.Mauro Prato PhDDepartment of GeneticsBiology and BiochemistryUniversity of Torino Medical School10126TorinoItaly

Objective:To investigate the role of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha(MIP-1 alpha) in the detrimental enhancement of matrix mnetalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) expression,release and activity induced by phagocytosis of malarial pigment(haemozoin,HZ) in human monocytes. Methods:Human adherent monocytes were unfed/fed with native HZ for 2 *** 24 hours. MIP-1 alpha production was evaluated by ELISA in cell *** /fed monocytes were treated in presence/absence of anti-human MIP-1 alpha blocking antibodies or recombinant human MIP-lalpha for 15 h(RNA studies) or 24 h(protein studies): therefore,MMP-9 mRNA expression was evaluated in cell lysatcs by Real Time RT-PCR,whereas proMMP-9 and active MMP-9 protein release were measured in cell supernatants by Western blotting and gelatin ***:Phagocytosis of HZ by human monocytes increased production of MIP-1 *** expression of MMP-9 and protein release of proMMP-9 and active *** the HZ-enbancing effects on MMP-9 were abrogated by anti-human MIP- 1 alpha blocking antibodies and mimicked by recombinant human MIP-l ***: The present work suggests a role for MIP-lalpha in the HZ-dependent enhancement of MMP-9 expression,release and activity observed in human *** new detrimental effects of HZ-triggered proinflammatory response by phagocytic cells in falciparum malaria.

关键词： Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Monocyte Phagocytosis Haemozoin Matrix metalloproteinase-9 Macrophage inflammatory proteinlalpha

Malarial pigment enhances heat shock protein-27 in THP-1 cells:new perspectives for in vitro studies on monocyte apoptosis prevention

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第12期3卷 934-938页

作者： Mauro Prato Valentina Gallo Elena Valente Amina Khadjavi Giorgia Mandili giuliana giribaldi Department of Genetics Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of Torino Medical SchoolTorinoItaly

Objective:To investigate the effect of malarial pigment(hemozoin,HZ) on expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs) and cell viability in human monocytes by using a stable cell line(THP-1 cells).Methods:THP-1 cells were fed with native HZ or treated with pro-apoptotic molecule gliotoxin for 9 ***,the protein expression of HSP-27 and HSP-70 was evaluated by western ***,HZ-fed cells were cultured up to 72 h and cell viability parameters(survival,apoptosis and necrosis rates) were measured by flow cytometric analysis. Results:HZ increased basal protein levels of HSP-27 without altering those of HSP-70 in THP-1 cells,and promoted long-term cell survival without inducing *** expected,gliotoxin inhibited HSP-27 protein expression and promoted long-term cell ***: Present data show that HZ prevents cell apoptosis and enhances the expression of anli-apoptotic HSP-27 in THP-1 cells,confirming the previous evidences obtained from HZ-fed immunopurified *** the use of a stable cell line is pivotal to perform HSP-27 silencing experiments, monocytic THP-1 cells could be a good candidate line for such an approach,which is heavily required to clarify the role of HSP-27 in survival of impaired HZ-fed monocytes during falciparum malaria.

关键词： Hemozoin Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Monocyte THP-1 cells Phagocytosis Apoptosis Heat shock protein-27

Hemozoin triggers tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated release of lysozyme by human adherent monocytes:new evidences on leukocyte degranulation in *** malaria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第3期2卷 35-40页

作者： Mauro Prato giribaldi G Arese P Department of Genetics Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of Torino Medical SchoolTorinoItaly

Objective:Avidly phagocytosed hemozoin(malarial pigment) alters several functions of human monocytes and stimulates generation of several ***,we showed that phagocytosis of hemozoin by human monocytes increases expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9,a proteolytic enzyme available in specific gelatinase granules,which contain several enzymes including *** work investigated active lysozyme release after phagocytosis of hemozoin and its dependence on production of tumor necrosis factor alpha. Methods:After phagocytosis of hemozoin,hemozoin-containing trophozoites or control meals(opsonized nonparasitized red blood cells and latex particles),monocyte supematants were monitored for 2 hours,in presence of blocking anti-human tumor necrosis factor alpha antibodies or recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha cytokine in selected *** release was evaluated by a specific spectrometric assay measuring lysozyme activity after coincubation of cell supematants with suspensions of Mycrococcus Lysodeikticus,while levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor alpha were analyzed by specific enzyme-linked immunodsorbent assay. Results:Levels of lysozyme activity and soluble tumor necrosis factor alpha protein were increased in hemozoin in-or trophozoites-laden monocytes *** per se(control meals) also increased lysozyme release,but levels were significantly lower than those obtained after phagocytosis of hemozoin or trophozoites. Interestingly,all effects on lysozyme release observed after phagocytosis were abrogated by blocking anti-human tumor necrosis factor alpha antibodies,while they were mimicked by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha ***:Present work shows that phagocytosis of hemozoin promotes monocyte degranulation and enhances active lysozyme *** effect requires tumor necrosis factor alpha mediation.

关键词： Hemozoin Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Monocyte Phagocytosis Tumor necrosis factor alpha Lysozyme Degranulation Gelatinase granules Matrix metalloproteinases

Solids that are also liquids: elastic tensors of superionic materials

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2252-2264页

作者： giuliana Materzanini Tommaso Chiarotti Nicola Marzari Theory and Simulations of Materials(THEOS) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Present address:Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences UniversitéCatholique de LouvainB-1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

Superionics are fascinating materials displaying both solid- and liquid-like characteristics: as solids, they respond elastically to shearstress;as liquids, they display fast-ion diffusion at normal conditions. In addition to such scientific interest, superionics aretechnologically relevant for energy, electronics, and sensing applications. Characterizing and understanding their elastic propertiesis, e.g., urgently needed to address their feasibility as solid-state electrolytes in all-solid-state batteries. However, static approachesto elasticity assume well-defined reference positions around which atoms vibrate, in contrast with the quasi-liquid motion of themobile ions in fast ionic conductors. Here, we derive the elastic tensors of superionics from ensemble fluctuations in the isobaric-isothermal ensemble, exploiting extensive Car-Parrinello simulations. We apply this approach to paradigmatic Li-ion conductors,and complement with a block analysis to compute statistical errors. Static approaches sampled over the trajectories oftenoverestimate the response, highlighting the importance of a dynamical treatment in determining elastic tensors in superionics.

关键词： ionic liquids ensemble

Induced pluripotent stem cells as an innovative model to study drug induced pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第35期27卷 5796-5802页

作者： Elena Genova Gabriele Stocco giuliana Decorti Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo GarofoloTrieste 34137Italy Department of Life Sciences University of TriesteTrieste 34127Italy Department of Medical Surgical and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTrieste 34127Italy

Drug-induced pancreatitis is a gastrointestinal adverse effect concerning about 2%of *** majority of cases are mild to moderate but severe episodes can also occur,leading to hospitalization or even ***,the mechanisms of this adverse reaction are still not clear,hindering its prevention,and the majority of data available of this potentially life-threatening adverse effect are limited to case reports leading to a probable underestimation of this *** particular,in this editorial,special attention is given to thiopurine-induced pancreatitis(TIP),an idiosyncratic adverse reaction affecting around 5%of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients taking thiopurines as immunosuppressants,with a higher incidence in the pediatric *** biomarkers are not available to assist clinicians in the prevention of TIP,also because of the inaccessibility of the pancreatic tissue,which limits the possibility to perform dedicated cellular and molecular *** this regard,induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)and the exocrine pancreatic differentiated counterpart could be a great tool to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the development of this undesirable *** particular type of stem cells is obtained by reprogramming adult cells,including fibroblasts and leukocytes,with a set of transcription factors known as the Yamanaka’s *** unaltered the donors’genetic heritage,iPSCs represent an innovative model to study the mechanisms of adverse drug reactions in individual patients’tissues not easily obtainable from human ***,iPSCs can differentiate under adequate stimuli into almost any somatic lineage,opening a new world of opportunities for *** works are already available in the literature studying liver,central nervous system and cardiac cells derived from iPSCs and adverse drug ***,to our knowledge no studies have been performed on exocrine pancreas differentiated

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Therapy personalization Patient-specific cells Drug-induced pancreatitis Thiopurines Inflammatory bowel disease

Biomarkers for gastrointestinal adverse events related to thiopurine therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第38期27卷 6348-6356页

作者： Giulia Zudeh Raffaella Franca Gabriele Stocco giuliana Decorti Department of Life Sciences University of TriesteTrieste 34127Italy Department of Medical Surgical and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTrieste 34149Italy Institute for Maternal and Child Health I.R.C.C.S Burlo Garofolo Trieste 34137Italy

Thiopurines are immunomodulators used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and inflammatory bowel *** reactions to these agents are one of the main causes of treatment discontinuation or *** is the most frequent adverse effect;however,approximately 5%-20%of patients develop gastrointestinal *** identification of biomarkers able to prevent and/or monitor these adverse reactions would be useful for clinicians for the proactive management of long-term thiopurine *** this editorial,we discuss evidence supporting the use of PACSIN2,RAC1,and ITPA genes,in addition to TPMT and NUDT15,as possible biomarkers for thiopurine-related gastrointestinal toxicity.

关键词： Thiopurines Gastrointestinal adverse effects Biomarkers PACSIN2 RAC1 ITPA

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF REFURBISHMENT VERSUS DEMOLITION AND RECONSTRUCTION:A COMPARATIVE LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF AN ITALIAN CASE STUDY

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Journal of Green Building 2020年第4期15卷 155-172页

作者： Francesco Pittau Dayana Giacomel giuliana Iannaccone Laura Malighetti ETH Zürich Institut für Bau-und InfrastrukturmanagementSustainable ConstructionStefano-Franscini-Platz 58093 ZürichSwitzerland. Politecnico di Milano School of ArchitectureUrban planning and construction Engineering(AUIC)Via Golgi 4220133 MilanoItaly. Politecnico di Milano Department of ArchitectureBuilt Environment and Construction Engineering(ABC)Via G.Ponzio 3120133 MilanoItaly

In the building sector,new standards for energy efficiency are reducing the energy consumption and the carbon emissions for building operation to nearly *** a result,the greenhouse gas emissions and related environmental impacts from mate-rials production,and especially insulation,are becoming key *** the near future,most of the building stock is expected to be refurbished and a great amount of construction materials will be consequently required.A relevant share of waste is generated from building construction and demolition and limiting the volume is a priority of the EU *** this work the renovation of industrial buildings in a dismissed area located in Lecco,Italy,was considered as a case *** alterna-tive construction systems(EPS,WOOD,ROCK,PU,HEMP)for renovating the building envelopes were assumed,and a life cycle assessment(LCA)adopted in order to measure the environmental impact of each *** results were compared with a scenario which included demolition and reconstruction of a similar building with the same net volume and thermal *** results showed that timber and concrete are the most environmentally friendly materials to rebuild the structures in case of demolition,contrary to steel which leads generally to higher environmental impacts,except land *** general,EPS,WOOD and HEMP technological alter-natives accounted for the highest scores,both in terms of burdens on the ecosystems and on depletion of resources,while ROCK accounted for the lowest ***,refurbishment scenarios generally accounted for a lower global warming potential(GWP)even if demolition,waste treatment and the benefit from recycling/reuse are taken into account.

关键词： refurbishment demolition reconstruction LCA construction materials

Simulating the fate of indigenous antibiotic resistant bacteria in a mild slope wastewater polluted stream

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第7期30卷 95-104页

作者： Antonino Fiorentino giuliana De Luca Luigi Rizzo Giacomo Viccione Giusy Lofrano Maurizio Carotenuto Department of Civil Engineering University of Salerno Department of Chemistry and Biology University of Salerno

The fate of indigenous surface-water and wastewater antibiotic resistant bacteria in a mild slope stream simulated through a hydraulic channel was investigated in outdoor *** effect of（i） natural（dark） decay,（ii） sunlight,（iii） cloudy cover,（iv） adsorption to the sediment,（v） hydraulic conditions,（vi） discharge of urban wastewater treatment plant（UWTP）effluent and（vii） bacterial species（presumptive Escherichia coli and enterococci） was ***-life time（T1/2） of E. coli under sunlight was in the range 6.48–27.7 min（initial bacterial concentration of 10^5 CFU/mL） depending on hydraulic and sunlight conditions. E. coli inactivation was quite similar in sunny and cloudy day experiments in the early 2 hr, despite of the light intensity gradient was in the range of 15–59 W/m^2; but subsequently the inactivation rate decreased in the cloudy day experiment（T1/2= 23.0 min） compared to sunny day（T1/2= 17.4 min）. The adsorption of bacterial cells to the sediment（biofilm） increased in the first hour and then was quite stable for the remaining experimental time. Finally, when the discharge of an UWTP effluent in the stream was simulated, the proportion of indigenous antibiotic resistant E. coli and enterococci was found to increase as the exposure time increased, thus showing a higher resistance to solar inactivation compared to the respective total populations.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance Enterococci Escherichia coli Hydraulic modeling River water quality Solar inactivation

Unveiling field-coupled nanocomputing:Leaning molecules to shape readable bits

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8447-8454页

作者： Yuri Ardesi giuliana Beretta Fabrizio Mo Chiara Elfi Spano Gianluca Piccinini Mariagrazia Graziano Corso Duca degli Abruzzi Department of Electronics and TelecommunicationsPolitecnico di TorinoTurin 10129Italy Corso Duca degli Abruzzi Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di TorinoTurin 10129Italy

Molecular field-coupled nanocomputing(molFCN)encodes information in the molecule charge distribution and elaborates it through electrostatic *** the advantageous sub-nanometric size and low-power dissipation,only a few attempts have been made to validate the technology *** of the obstacles is the difficulty in measuring molecule charges to validate information encoding or integrate molFCN with complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS).In this work,we propose a paradigm preserving the advantages of molFCN,which exploits the position of waiving molecules to augment the information *** validate the paradigm,named bend-boosted molFCN,with density functional theory using 6-(ferrocenyl)hexanethiol *** demonstrate that the encoded information can be electrically read by constituting a molecular *** paradigm is compatible with the charge-based molFCN,thus acting as a readout *** obtained results favor the experimental assessment of the molFCN principle through scanning probe microscopy techniques and the design of molFCN-CMOS heterogeneous circuits.

关键词： nanoelectronics molecular electronics field-coupled nanocomputing electronics beyond-complementary-metal-oxidesemiconductor(CMOS)