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An eighteen-month follow-up study on the effects of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in diabetic macular edema refractory to anti-VEGF therapy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第10期9卷 1427-1432页

作者： Fernanda Pacella Maria Rosaria Romano Paolo Turchetti giovanna tarquini Anna Carnovale Antonella Mollicone Alessandra Mastromatteo Elena Pacella Department of Sense Organs Faculty of Medicine and DentistrySapienza University of Rome IRCCS NeuromedPozzilli National Institute for Health MigrationPoverty(INMP/NIHMP) Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Specialities Sapienza University of Rome

AIM： To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of dexamethasone implants in subjects affected by diabetic macular edema（DME） resistant to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） ***： Thirty-two DME patients were enrolled.A700 microgram slow release Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant（Ozurdex~） was placed in the vitreous *** patients were followed for 18 ***-corrected visual acuity（BCVA） measured with Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study（ETDRS） and central macular thickness（CMT） exams were carried out at baseline（T0）and after 1（T1）,3（T3）,4（T4）,6（T6）,9（T9）,12（T12）,15（T15）,and 18mo（T18） post injection. RESULTS： Repeated measures ANOVA showed an effect of treatment on ETDRS（P〈0.0001）.Post hoc analyses revealed that ETDRS values were significantly increased at T1,T3,T4,T9,and T15（P 〈0.001） as compared to baseline value（T0）.At T6,T12,and T18,ETDRS values were still statistically higher than baseline（P〈0.001 vs T0）.However,at these time points,we observed a trend to return to baseline *** also showed an effect of treatment（P 〈0.0001）.CMT decreased significantly at T1,T3,T4,T9,and T15（P〈0.001）.At T6（P〈0.01）,T12 and T18（P〈0.001） CMT was also significantly lower than T0 although a trend to return to the baseline conditions was also ***： Our findings demonstrate that Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant is a good option to improveBCVA and CMT in DME patients resistant to anti-VEGF *** data also show that the use of drugs administered directly into the vitreous allows achieving appropriate and long-lasting concentration at the site of disease without systemic side effects.

关键词： diabetic macular edema Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy

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Therapeutic targeting of cellular prion protein: toward the development of dual mechanism anti-prion compounds

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1009-1014页

作者： Antonio Masone Chiara Zucchelli Enrico Caruso giovanna Musco Roberto Chiesa Laboratory of Prion Neurobiology Department of NeuroscienceIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilanItaly Biomolecular NMR Unit Division of Genetics and Cell BiologyIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences University of InsubriaVareseItaly

PrPSc,a misfolded,aggregation-prone isoform of the cellular prion protein(PrPC),is the infectious prion agent responsible for fatal neurodegenerative diseases of humans and other *** adopt different pathogenic conformations(prion strains),which can be resistant to potential drugs,or acquire drug resistance,posing challenges for the development of effective *** PrPCis the obligate precursor of any prion strain and serves as the mediator of prion neurotoxicity,it represents an attractive therapeutic target fo r prion *** this minireview,we briefly outline the approaches to target PrPCand discuss our recent identification of Zn(Ⅱ)-Bn PyP,a PrPC-targeting porphyrin with an unprecedented bimodal mechanism of *** argue that in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanism by which Zn(Ⅱ)-Bn PyP targets PrPCmay lead toward the development of a new class of dual mechanism anti-prion compounds.

关键词： anti-prion drug anti-PrPC antibody antisense oligonucleotide neurodegeneration pharmacological chaperone porphyrin prion disease PrPC degrader PrPC shedding zinc finger repressor

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Emerging Role of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System in the Control of Shoot Apical Meristem Function

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第1期55卷 7-20页

作者： Elisabetta Di Giacomo giovanna Serino giovanna Frugis Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria UOS RomaConsiglio Nazionale delle RicercheMonterotondo Scalo Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie Charles Darwin Sapienza Università The New York Botanical Garden Genomics Program NYBGBronx

The shoot apical meristem （SAM） is a population of undifferentiated cells at the tip of the shoot axis that establishes early during plant embryogenesis and gives rise to all shoot organs throughout the plant＇s life. A plethora of different families of transcription factors （TFs） play a key role in establishing the equilibrium between cell differentiation and stem cell maintenance in the SAM. Fine tuning of these regulatory proteins is crucial for a proper and fast SAM response to environmental and hormonal cues, and for development progression. One effective way to rapidly inactivate TFs involves regulated proteolysis by the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system （UPS）. However, a possible role of UPS-dependent protein degradation in the regulation of key SAM TFs has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we summarize recent evidence supporting a role for the UPS in SAM maintenance and function. We integrate this survey with an in silico analysis of publicly-available microarray databases which identified ubiquitin ligases that are expressed in specific areas within the SAM, suggesting that they may regulate or act downstream of meristem-specific factors.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell differentiation protein degradation shoot apical meristem ubiquitin/26S proteasome system.

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Photoluminescence monitoring of oxide formation and surface state passivation on InAs quantum dots exposed to water vapor

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Nano Research 2016年第10期9卷 3018-3026页

作者： giovanna Trevisi Luca Seravalli Paola Frigeri CNR-IMEM Institute Parco Area delle Scienze 37a 43124 Parma Italy

The room-temperature light emission of uncapped III-V semiconductor quantum dots is used to investigate the properties and evolution of the surface under exposure to a humid environment. Enhanced photoluminescence intensity resulting from exposure to polar molecules has already been reported; here we demonstrate that the external environment also has a relevant effect on the emission energy of quantum dots. Experimental results are interpreted on the basis of a model of the quantum system that takes into account the formation of oxide on pristine III-V surfaces and the presence of surface states. As a result of our study, we can clearly distinguish the effect of surface oxidation from that of surface state passivation on the emission of InAs surface quantum dots. This work sheds new light on the properties of semiconductor surface quantum dots as building blocks of novel and highly efficient sensing devices based on optical transduction.

关键词： epitaxial quantum dots surface states oxide photoluminescence quantum modeling optical nanosensor

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Evaluating soil erosion by water in a small alpine catchment in Northern Italy: comparison of empirical models

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Acta Geochimica 2021年第4期40卷 507-524页

作者： Francesca Berteni Stefano Barontini giovanna Grossi DICATAM(Department of Civil EnvironmentalArchitectural Engineering and Mathematics)University of BresciaVia Branze 4325123 BresciaItaly

To quantify water erosion rates and annual soil loss in mountainous areas,two different empirical models were used to estimate the effects of soil erosion in a small mountain basin,the Guerna Creek watershed,located in the Central Southern Alps(Northern Italy).These two models,Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE) and Erosion Potential Model(EPM),were implemented in a Geographical Information System,accounting for the geographical,geomorphological,and weather-climate parameters,which are fundamental to evaluating the intensity and variability of the erosive *** characterization was supported by laboratory *** results(computed soil loss of 87 t/ha/year and 11.1 m^(3)/ha/year,using RUSLE equation and EPM method,respectively,and sediment yield of 7.5 m^(3)/ha/year using EPM method) were compared to other studies reported in the literature for different case studies with similar topographic and climatic features,as well as to those provided by the European Soil Data Centre(ESDAC).In both cases,the agreement was satisfactory,showing consistency of the adopted procedures to the parametrization of the physical processes.

关键词： Water erosion Alpine hydrology EPM RUSLE Soil loss Ungauged basin

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Elucidating the pathological mechanisms of neurodegeneration in the lethal serpinopathy FENIB

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1733-1734页

作者： Elena Miranda giovanna Galliciotti Department of Biology and Biotechnologies‘Charles Darwin’and Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bo-lognetti Foundation Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Institute of Neuropathology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany

The term serpinopathies was introduced to describe a family of diseases caused by point mutations in serine protease inhibitors,or *** inhibit their cognate protease by an irreversible suicide mechanism starting with the attack of the active site serine on the reactive center loop of the inhibitor,followed by formation of a covalent complex between both proteins,insertion of the reactive center loop of the serpin into its own beta-sheet A,and culminating in distortion of the active site of the serine protease and thus irreversible *** inhibitory mechanism,reminiscent of the movement of a mousetrap,requires a structural flexibility that proves to be unfavorable when the folding of the serpin is altered by mutations responsible for conformational rearrangements,allowing an intermolecular domain exchange characterized by the insertion of the C-terminal domain of a molecule into a second one,thus forming a *** of this insertion reaction leads to the formation of serpin polymers that accumulate within the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)of the cell and consequently reduces the secretion of the wild-type serpin(Greene et al.,2016).

关键词： insertion irreversible starting

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Soluble neuregulin-1(NRG1): a factor promoting peripheral nerve regeneration by affecting Schwann cell activity immediately after injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第8期14卷 1374-1375页

作者： Marwa El Soury giovanna Gambarotta Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of Torino

Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) is a well known growth factor playing contradictory roles in myelination depending on the existing isoform. Transmembrane NRG1 acts as a promyelinating factor, while the soluble isoform inhibits myelination. In this perspective, we would like to emphasize this conflicting role played by NRG1 isofbrms regarding their roles in myelination, remyelination and the entire process of peripheral nerve regeneration.

关键词： Soluble neuregulin-1 promoting peripheral injury

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Spatially variable soils affecting geotechnical strip foundation design

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第3期14卷 886-895页

作者： Joanna Pieczyńska-Kozowska giovanna Vessia Department of Civil Engineering Wrocław University of Science and TechnologyWrocław50-370Poland Department of Engineering and Geology Universitàdegli Studi G.d’Annunzio Chieti-PescaraChieti66100Italy

Natural soil variability is a well-known issue in geotechnical design,although not frequently managed in *** subsoil must be characterized in terms of mechanical properties for infrastructure design,random finite element method(RFEM)can be effectively adopted for shallow foundation design to gain a twofold purpose:(1)understanding how much the bearing capacity is affected by the spatial variability structure of soils,and(2)optimisation of the foundation dimension(*** B).The present study focuses on calculating the bearing capacity of shallow foundations by RFEM in terms of undrained and drained *** spatial variability structure of soil is characterized by the autocorrelation function and the scale of fluctuation(δ).The latter has been derived by geostatistical tools such as the ordinary Kriging(OK)approach based on 182 cone penetration tests(CPTs)performed in the alluvial plain in Bologna Province,*** show that the increase of the B/δratio not only reduces the bearing capacity uncertainty but also increases its mean value under drained ***,under the undrained condition,the autocorrelation function strongly affects the mean values of bearing ***,the authors advise caution when selecting the autocorrelation function model for describing the soil spatial variability structure and point out that undrained conditions are more affected by soil variability compared to the drained ones.

关键词： Bearing capacity Shallow foundation Random finite element method(RFEM) Ordinary kriging(OK) Soil property variability structure Reliability-based design

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The Ever Expanding Role of Ubiquitin and SUMO in Plant Biology

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第1期55卷 5-6页

作者： giovanna Serino Qi Xie "Charles Darwin" Department of Biology and Biotechnology Sapienza Università di Roma Laboratory of Plant Molecular Signaling Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences

When it was discovered in the 1970s as a ubiquitous protein, ubiquitin, a 76-aminoacid peptide, had no assigned function. It was not until later that ubiquitin was found to be a necessary cofactor in a vital cellular process： the degradation of proteins. Work by Avram Hershko, Aaron Ciechanover, and Irwin Rose （for which they received the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry） showed that the covalent attachment of ubiquitin provide pro-teins with a tag that dispatches them to the proteasome, the main cell degradation machinery （Ciechanover 2012）. Subsequent work, has revealed that ubiquitin belongs to a broader family of ubiquitin-like proteins that can modify not only protein stability, but also subcellular localization and function.

关键词： SUMO The Ever Expanding Role of Ubiquitin and SUMO in Plant Biology

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Ultrasound liver elastography beyond liver fibrosis assessment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第24期26卷 3413-3420页

作者： giovanna Ferraioli Richard G Barr Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche Diagnostiche e PediatricheMedical School University of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Northeastern Ohio Medical University RootstownOH 44272United States

Several guidelines have indicated that liver stiffness(LS)assessed by means of shear wave elastography(SWE)can safely replace liver biopsy in several clinical scenarios,particularly in patients with chronic viral ***,an increase of LS may be due to some other clinical conditions not related to fibrosis,such as liver inflammation,acute hepatitis,obstructive cholestasis,liver congestion,infiltrative liver *** review analyzes the role that SWE can play in cases of liver congestion due to right-sided heart failure,congenital heart diseases or valvular *** patients with heart failure LS seems directly influenced by central venous pressure and can be used as a prognostic marker to predict cardiac *** potential role of LS in evaluating liver disease beyond the stage of liver fibrosis has been investigated also in the hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome(SOS)and in the Budd-Chiari *** the hepatic SOS,an increase of LS is observed some days before the clinical manifestations;therefore,it could allow an early diagnosis to timely start an effective ***,it has been reported that patients that were successfully treated showed a LS decrease,that reached pre-transplantation value within two to four *** has been reported that,in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome,LS values can be used to monitor short and long-term outcome after angioplasty.

关键词： Liver stiffness Shear wave elastography Heart failure Liver congestion Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome Fontan circulation Budd Chiari syndrome Valvular diseases

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