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Uptake and mitochondrial dysfunction of alpha-synuclein in human astrocytes, cortical neurons and fibroblasts

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2013年第1期2卷 134-142页

作者： Nady Braidy Wei-Ping Gai Ying Hua Xu Perminder Sachdev gilles j guillemin Xing-Mai jiang j William O Ballard Martin P Horan Zhi Ming Fang Beng H Chong Daniel Kam Yin Chan Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing School of PsychiatryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia Aged Care and Rehabilitation Bankstown-Lidcombe HospitalSydneyAustralia Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience Flinders University School of MedicineAdelaideAustralia Faculty of Medicine University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia Neuropsychiatric Institute Prince of Wales HospitalSydneyAustralia School of Medical Sciences University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia St Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research SydneyAustralia St George Clinical School University of New South Wales and St George HospitalSydneyAustralia School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia Aged Care and Rehabilitation Unit Bankstown-Lidcombe HospitalEldridge RoadBankstown 2031NSWAustralia

The accumulation and aggregation of alpha-synuclein(α-syn)in several tissue including the brain is a major pathological hallmark in Parkinson’s disease(PD).In this study,we show that α-syn can be taken up by primary human cortical neurons,astrocytes and skin-derived fibroblasts in *** findings that brain and peripheral cells exposed to α-syn can lead to impaired mitochondrial function,leading to cellular degeneration and cell death,provides additional evidence for the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction as a mechanism of toxicity of α-syn in human cells.

关键词： Alpha-synuclein Neurons Astrocytes Fibroblasts Mitochondria

Catalytic properties of 4,5-bridged proline methano- and ethanologues in the Hajos-Parrish intramolecular aldol reaction

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第3期9卷 649-659页

作者： Sofiane Hocine gilles Berger K.N.Houk Stephen Hanessian aDepartment of Chemistry Universitéde MontréalStation Centre-VilleC.P.6128MontrealQCH3C 3J7Canada Microbiology Bioorganic&Macromolecular ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversitéLibre de BruxellesBd du Triomphe1050 BrusselsBelgium Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1569USA

The catalysis of the Hajos-Parrish reaction by cis-and trans-4,5-ethano-proline was explored experimentally and computationally with DFT(ωB97X-D and MN15)and DLPNO-CCSD(T).Both of the new catalysts are as active as proline or cis-and trans-4,5-methano-proline,with the trans-ethano-proline being as enantioselective as proline.A thorough theoretical analysis of the electronic factors influencing catalysis is reported.

关键词： CCSD(T) proline catalysis

Visualisation and personalisation of multi-representations city models

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International journal of Digital Earth 2020年第5期13卷 627-644页

作者： jérémy Gaillard Adrien Peytavie gilles Gesquiére LIRIS UMR CNRS 5205Univ LyonVilleurbanneFrance Oslandia LyonFrance

City models have a wide variety of uses that require different kind of data representation or data *** a dynamic model that enables picking the right representations(meshes,volumetric data,point cloud,etc.)can prove useful to adapt an application to each user’s *** this paper,we present an original method to create personalised visualisations of 3D city models on the *** organising the server data in a hierarchy of tiles,we are able to generate personalised models based on the user’s *** preferences take the shape of a set of rules that apply to each tile or city object and allow the user to choose which representation of the object to use depending on its position or semantic information(classification,height,etc.).Our method is designed around existing standards,guaranteeing the interoperability of the produced models.

关键词： 3D visualisation web geospatial city model

Compression strategies for digital holograms in biomedical and multimedia applications

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2022年第3期3卷 234-254页

作者： Peter Schelkens Ayyoub Ahar Antonin gilles Raees Kizhakkumkara Muhamad Thomas j.Naughton Cristian Perra Antonio Pinheiro Piotr Stepien Malgorzata Kujawinska Vrije Universiteit Brussel ETRO Dept.B-1050 BrusselsBelgium imec Digital and User-Centric Solutions(DUCS)B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Institute of Research&Technology b<>com RennesFranc Maynooth University Dept.of Computer ScienceMaynoothCo.KildareIreland University of Cagliari DIEEUdR CNITCagliariItaly Universidade da Beira Interior CovilhaPortugal Instituto de Telecomunicacoes CovilhaPortugal Warsaw University of Technology Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics02-525 WarsawPoland

While 60 years of successful application of holography is celebrated in this special issue,efficient representation and compression of holographic data has received relatively little attention in *** this observation,and particularly due to the digitization that is also penetrating the holographic domain,interest is growing on how to efficiently compress holographic data such that interactive exchange of content,as well as digital storage can be facilitated *** is a particular challenge,not only because of its interferometric nature and the various representation formats,but also the often extremely large data volumes involved in pathological,tomographic,or high-end visualization *** this paper,we provide an overview of the state of the art in compression techniques and corresponding quality metrics for various practical applications in digital *** also consider the future by analyzing the emerging trends for addressing the key challenges in this domain.

关键词： Holography Compression Image quality assessment Standardization

Ion stopping in dense plasmas: A basic physics approach

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2016年第6期1卷 277-307页

作者： Claude Deutsch gilles Maynard Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et Plasmas CNRSUniv-Paris SudUniversite Paris-Saclay91405 OrsayFrance

We survey quite extensively the present research status of ion-stopping in dense plasmas of potential importance for initial confinement fusion(ICF)drivenby intense and heavy ion beams,and alsofor warm dense matter(WDM).First,we putemphasis on every possible mechanism involved in the shaping of the ion projectile effective charge,while losing energy in a target plasma with classical ions and partially degenerate ***,we switch to ion stopping by target bound electrons,taking detailed account of mean excitation *** electron stopping has already been given a lot of attention in former works[*** et al.,Recent *** 1(2000)1-23;Open Plasma Phys.j.3(2010)88-115].Then,we extend the usual standard stopping model(SSM)framework to nonlinear stopping including a treatment of the Z 3 Barkas effect and a confronting comparison of Bloch and Bohr Coulomb ***,we document low velocity ion slowing down(LVISD)in single ion plasmas as well as in binary ionic mixtures(BIM),in connection with specific ICF fuels.

关键词： Ion projectile effective charge Mean excited energies Nonlinear stopping Binary ionic mixture

Periodic interstellar scintillation variations of PSRs j0613-0200 and j0636+5128 associated with the Local Bubble shell

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中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学英文版 2023年第11期66卷 221-232页

作者： Yulan Liu Robert A.Main joris P.W.Verbiest Ziwei Wu Krishnakumar M.Ambalappat jiguang Lu David j.Champion Ismael Cognard Lucas Guillemot Kuo Liu james W.Mc Kee Nataliya Porayko Golam.M.Shaifullah gilles Theureau National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Fakultät für Physik Universität BielefeldBielefeld33501Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Bonn53121Germany Florida Space Institute University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32826USA Station de radioastronomie de Nançay Observatoire de ParisNançay18330France Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace Universitéd’OrléansOrléans45071France E.A.Milne Centre for Astrophysics University of HullHullHU67RXUK Centre of Excellence for Data Science Artificial Intelligence and ModellingUniversity of HullHullHU67RXUK Dipartimento di Fisica“G.Occhialini” Universitàdi Milano-BicoccaMilano20126Italy INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari Selargius(CA)09047Italy INFN Sezione di Milano-BicoccaMilano20126Italy

Annual variations of interstellar scintillation can be modelled to constrain parameters of the ionized interstellar *** a pulsar is in a binary system,then investigating the orbital parameters is possible through analysis of the orbital variation of *** observations carried out from 2011 to 2020 by the European Pulsar Timing Array radio telescopes,PSRs j0613-0200and j0636+5128 show strong annual variations in their scintillation velocity,while the former additionally exhibits an orbital *** theory and Markov-chain-Monte-Carlo methods are used to interpret these periodic *** assume a thin and anisotropic scattering screen model,and discuss the mildly and extremely anisotropic scattering *** j0613-0200is best described by mildly anisotropic scattering,while PSR j0636+5128 exhibits extremely anisotropic *** measure the distance,velocity,and degree of anisotropy of the scattering screen for our two pulsars,finding that scattering screen distances from Earth for PSRs j0613-0200 and j0636+5128 are 316_(-20)^(+28)pc and 262_(-38)^(+96)pc,*** positions of these scattering screens are coincident with the shell of the Local Bubble towards both *** associations add to the growing evidence of the Local Bubble shell as a dominant region of scattering along many sightlines.

关键词： pulsar interstellar scintillation ionized interstellar medium

Epididymosomes are involved in the acquisition of new sperm proteins during epididymal transit

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Asian journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 483-491页

作者： Robert Sullivan gilles Frenette julie Girouard Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction and Departement d＇Obstetrique-Gynecologie Faculte de Medeeine Universite Laval Quebec G1 V 4G2 Canada

During epididymal transit, spermatozoa acquire new proteins. Some of these newly acquired proteins behave as integral membrane proteins, including glycosylphosphatidylinositol （GPI）-anchored proteins. This suggests that the secreted epididymal proteins are transferred to spermatozoa by an unusual mechanism. Within the epididymal lumen, spermatozoa interact with small membranous vesicles named epididymosomes. Many proteins are associated with epididymosomes and the protein composition of these vesicles varies along the excurrent duct and differs from soluble intraluminal proteins. Some epididymosome-associated proteins have been identified and their functions in sperm maturation hypothesized. These include P25b, a zona pellucida binding protein, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, enzymes of the polyol pathway, HE5/CD52, type 5 glutathione peroxidase, and SPAM 1 or PH-20. The electrophoretic patterns of proteins associated to epididymosomes are complex and some of these proteins are transferred to defined surface domains of epididymal spermatozoa. Epididymosomes collected from different epididymal segments interact differently with spermatozoa. This protein transfer from epididymosomes to spermatozoa is timedependent, temperature-dependent and pH-dependent, and is more efficient in the presence of zinc. Some proteins are segregated to lipid raft domains of epididymosomes and are selectively transferred to raft domains of the sperm plasma membrane. Some evidence is presented showing that epididymosomes are secreted in an apocrine manner by the epididymal epithelial cells. In conclusion, epididymosomes are small membranous vesicles secreted in an apocrine manner in the intraluminal compartment of the epididymis and play a major role in the acquisition of new proteins by the maturing spermatozoa. （Asian j Androl 2007 july; 9： 483-491）

关键词： apocrine secretion epididymis epididymosomes spermatozoa sperm maturation

Improving photosynthetic efficiency toward food security:Strategies,advances,and perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2023年第10期16卷 1547-1563页

作者： Edward N.Smith Marvin van Aalst Tiina Tosens Ülo Niinemets Benjamin Stich Tomas Morosinotto Alessandro Alboresi Tobias j.Erb Paul AGómez-Coronado Dimitri Tolleter Giovanni Finazzi gilles Curien Matthias Heinemann Oliver Ebenhöh julian M.Hibberd Urte Schlüter Tianshu Sun Andreas P.M.Weber Faculty of Science and Engineering Molecular Systems Biology–Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and BiotechnologyNijenborgh 49747 AG Groningenthe Netherlands Institute of Quantitative and Theoretical Biology Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science(CEPLAS)Heinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 140225 DüsseldorfGermany Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences51006 TartuEstonia Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science(CEPLAS)Heinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 140225 DüsseldorfGermany Department of Biology University of Padova35131 PadovaItaly Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology Department of Biochemistry&Synthetic Metabolism35043 MarburgGermany Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble IRIG-LPCVGrenoble Alpes UniversityCNRSCEAINRAE38000 GrenobleFrance Molecular Physiology Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB23EAUK Institute for Plant Biochemistry Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science(CEPLAS)Heinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 140225 DüsseldorfGermany Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants18190 SanitzGermany

Photosynthesis in crops and natural vegetation allows light energy to be converted into chemical energy and thus forms the foundation for almost all terrestrial trophic networks on *** efficiency of photosynthetic energy conversion plays a crucial role in determining the portion of incident solar radiation that can be used to generate plant biomass throughout a growth ***,alongside the factors such as resource availability,crop management,crop selection,maintenance costs,and intrinsic yield potential,photosynthetic energy use efficiency significantly influences crop *** efficiency is relevant to sustainability and food security because it affects water use efficiency,nutrient use efficiency,and land use *** review focuses specifically on the potential for improvements in photosynthetic efficiency to drive a sustainable increase in crop *** discuss bypassing photorespiration,enhancing light use efficiency,harnessing natural variation in photosynthetic parameters for breeding purposes,and adopting new-to-nature approaches that show promise for achieving unprecedented gains in photosynthetic efficiency.

关键词： photosynthesis photorespiration photorespiratory bypass natural variation synthetic biology plant metabolic engineering

Surface complexation modeling of Eu(Ⅲ) adsorption on silica in the presence of fulvic acid

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第9期57卷 1276-1282页

作者： YE YuanLv CHEN ZongYuan MONTAVON gilles jIN Qiang GUO Zhijun WU WangSuo Radiochemistry Laboratory School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou University Laboratoire SUBATECH UMR 6457 CNRS-IN2P3/Ecole des Mines de Nantes/PRES UNAM4 rue A. Kastler 44307 Nantes CedexFrance

Humic substances(HS) substantially affect heavy metal(M) adsorption on mineral surfaces. However, quantitative descriptions of ternary systems involving M, HS and mineral surfaces remain unclear. This study examines adsorption in a model ternary system including Eu(III), fulvic acid(FA) and silica, and describes the adsorption of Eu(III) and FA by combining a double-layer model(DLM) and the Stockholm humic model(SHM). SHM explains the binding of H+ and Eu3+ to FA and the DLM for FA and Eu(III) adsorption on silica. Experimental results showed that the presence of FA promotes Eu(III) adsorption at acidic pH values, but decreases it at basic pH values, which indicates the formation of ternary surface complexes. Modeling calculations have shown that two ternary surface complexes are required to describe the experimental results in which Eu3+ acts as a bridge between the surface site and FA. The present study suggests that the discrete-site approach to HS is a promising method for interpreting the adsorption data for M, HS and mineral ternary systems.

关键词：表面络合模型吸附数据铕(Ⅲ) 二氧化硅黄腐酸三元表面配合物矿物表面三元系统