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Tri-axial accelerometry allows to determine parental food provisioning behaviour in a marine bird

Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 345-351页

作者： Monserrat Del Caño Flavio Quintana giacomo Dell’Omo Agustina Gómez-Laich Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos(IBIOMAR) CONICETBoulevard Brown 2915U9120ACDPuerto MadrynChubutArgentina Ornis Italica Piazza Crati 1500199RomeItaly Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución(EGE)and Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos Aires(IEGEBA)CONICETFacultad de CienciasExactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresPabellón II Ciudad UniversitariaC1428EGACiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina

The study of parental food provisioning is essential for understanding the breeding ecology of *** conducted the first study using accelerometry to detect food provisioning in birds,using Support Vector Machine(SVM)models to identify when adults feed chicks of three different age *** were attached to the head of adult female Imperial Shags(Leucocarbo atriceps),and various attributes derived from the acceleration signals were used to train SVM models for each chick age *** performance improved with chick age class,with SVM models achieving high overall accuracy(>88%)and highest sensitivity in older chick categories(>91%).However,precision values,especially for younger chicks,remained relatively low(between 26%and 45%).The application of a time filter based on the minimum duration of the observed food provisioning behaviours for each chick age category,improved model performance by reducing false provisioning behaviours,particularly in the model for older chicks,which showed the highest precision(72.4%).This study highlights the effectiveness of accelerometry and machine learning in studying parental food provisioning in birds,providing a rapid and accurate data collection method to complement traditional *** described methodology can be applied to any bird species that exhibits distinctive movements while feeding its offspring and has suitable characteristics for attaching an accelerometer to the body part that best captures this ***,it is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to future research on key questions in parental investment theory and reproductive strategies in birds.

关键词： Accelerometry Food provisioning Imperial shag Leucocarbo atriceps Seabird Support vector machine

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Contrasting responses of native and alien plant species to soil properties shed new light on the invasion of dune systems

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第6期13卷 667-675页

作者： Stefano Vitti Elisa Pellegrini Valentino Casolo giacomo Trotta Francesco Boscutti Department of Life Sciences University of TriesteVia L.Giorgieri 1034127 TriesteItaly Department of Agricultural FoodEnvironmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of Udinevia delle Scienze 91Udine 33100Italy Department of Biology University of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 42100 KøbenhavnØDenmark

Aims Among terrestrial ecosystems,coastal sandy dunes are particularly prone to alien plant *** studies related the invasion of dune habitats to anthropic causes,but less is known about the role of soil properties and plant traits in plant *** this study,we tested the relationships between soil features and alien plant invasion in dune systems,focusing on the interplay between soil nutrients,soil salinity and plant functional *** Study sites were sandy barrier islands of the Marano and Grado lagoon(northern Adriatic Sea).One hundred plots(4 m×4 m)were selected within 10 areas according to the main habitats occurring along the ecological gradient of dune system(foredune,backdune and saltmarsh).In each plot,we recorded all plant species occurrence and abundance and we collected a soil *** each soil sample,soil texture,conductivity(as proxy of soil salinity),organic carbon and nitrogen content were analyzed and related to the species number and cover of native and alien *** of main reproductive and vegetative functional traits among habitats was also analyzed for both alien and native *** Findings Soil properties were strongly related to overall plant diversity,by differently affecting alien and native species *** backdune,the most invaded habitat,a high soil conductivity limited the number of alien species,whereas the content of soil organic carbon increased along with alien plant abundance,suggesting also the occurrence of potential feedback processes between plant invasion and *** found a significant convergence between native and alien plant functional trait spectra only in backdune habitat,where environmental conditions ameliorate and plant competition *** findings suggest that in harsh conditions only native specialized plants can thrive while at intermediate conditions,soil properties gradient acts in synergy with plant traits to curb/facilitate alien plant richness.

关键词： invasive alien species functional traits soil nutrients plant communities dune system

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Personalized surgical management of colorectal cancer in elderly population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第14期20卷 3762-3777页

作者： Giampaolo Ugolini Federico Ghignone Davide Zattoni giacomo Veronese Isacco Montroni Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaPoliclinico S. OrsolaMalpighi

Colorectal cancer(CRC)in the elderly is extremely common but only a few clinicians are familiar with the complexity of issues which present in the geriatric *** this phase of the life cycle,treatment is frequently *** the fact that,nowadays,older people tend to be healthier than in previous generations,surgical undertreatment is frequently *** the other hand,surgical overtreatment in the vulnerable or frail patient can lead to unacceptable postoperative outcomes with high mortality or persistent ***,due to the geriatric patient being traditionally excluded from randomized controlled trials for a variety of factors(heterogeneity,frailty,etc.),there is a dearth of evidence-based clinical guidelines for the management of these *** objective of this review was to summarize the most relevant clinical studies available in order to assist clinicians in the management of CRC in the *** than in any other patient group,both surgical and non-surgical management strategies should be carefully individualized in the elderly population affected by *** cure and sphincter preservation are the primary goals,many other variables need to be taken into account,such as maintenance of cognitive status,independence,life expectancy and quality of life.

关键词： Elderly Colorectal cancer Surgery Personalized treatment Geriatric assessment

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Conservative management of malignant gastric outlet obstruction syndrome-evidence based evaluation of endoscopic ultrasoundguided gastroentero-anastomosis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第9期13卷 1086-1098页

作者： Anna Cominardi giacomo Tamanini Nicole Brighi Pietro Fusaroli Andrea Lisotti Department of Gastroenterology Unit Hospital of ImolaUniversity of BolognaImola 40026BOItaly Department of Medical Oncology Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori“Dino Amadori”(IRST)IRCCSMeldola 47014FCItaly Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna/Hospital of ImolaBologna 40121Italy

Gastric outlet obstruction(GOO)is a clinical syndrome characterized by postprandial vomiting,abdominal pain,bloating and,in advanced cases,by weight loss secondary to inadequate oral *** clinical entity may be caused by mechanical obstruction,either benign or malignant,or by motility *** this review we will focus on malignant GOO and on its endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided palliative *** most frequent malignant causes of this syndrome are gastric and locally advanced pancreatic carcinomas;other causes include duodenal or ampullary neoplasms,gastric lymphomas,retroperitoneal lymphadenopathies and,more infrequently,gallbladder and bile duct *** represents the treatment of choice when radical and curative resection is potentially feasible;if the malignant cause is not likely to be completely resected,palliative treatments should be *** treatments for malignant GOO are primarily based on surgical gastro-jejunostomy and endoscopic placement of an enteral self-expanding metal *** treatments are effective;however,endoscopic stent placement is less invasive and it is associated with good short-term results,while surgery provides longer-lasting effects with a lower frequency of *** the last few years,EUS-guided gastroenterostomy(GE)has been proposed as palliative treatment for malignant *** novel technique consists of the creation of an anastomosis between the gastric lumen and a small bowel loop distal to the malignant obstruction,through the deployment of a lumen-apposing metal stent under ***-GE has the advantage of being as minimally invasive as enteral stent placement,and of guaranteeing long-term results similar to those of surgery.

关键词： Gastric outlet obstruction Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy Endoscopic ultrasound Enteric anastomosis Lumen-apposing metal stents

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Endoscopic ultrasound assessment and tissue acquisition of mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第10期13卷 1475-1491页

作者： giacomo Tamanini Anna Cominardi Nicole Brighi Pietro Fusaroli Andrea Lisotti Department of Gastroenterology Unit Hospital of ImolaUniversity of BolognaImola 40026BOItaly Department of Medical Oncology IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori(IRST)"Dino Amadori"Meldola 47014FCItaly

The differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lymph nodes(LNs)has a fundamental role in the characterization and staging of malignant conditions,as well as in subsequent patients’*** imaging modalities(*** tomography and magnetic resonance imaging)rely mainly on size;endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)criteria based on B-mode evaluation and Doppler features fail to adequately characterize with high specificity LNs *** introduction of EUS-elastography and contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS are useful techniques to increase the diagnostic yield in identifying metastatic LNs,to identify which suspicious LN should require pathological characterization and,finally,to target tissue ***-guided tissue acquisition(EUS-TA)is increasingly being used for diagnosing lymphadenopathy whenever the characterization modifies patients’subsequent management and when no superficial LN is *** target therapy are currently available(*** cancer,breast cancer),EUS-TA of malignant LNs could be required to identify tumor *** this field,both fine needle aspiration and biopsy needles are able to guarantee accurate results with almost perfect specificity and sub-optimal *** finally propose a diagnostic algorithm based on most recent,high-level evidence for the diagnostic approach to suspected LNs assessment.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition Endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration Endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle biopsy Biopsy Aspiration Cancer

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Backward automatic calibration for three-dimensional landslide models

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 231-241页

作者： giacomo Titti Giulia Bossi Gordon G.D.Zhou Gianluca Marcato Alessandro Pasuto DICAM-UNIBO Department of CivilChemicalEnvironmental and Materials EngineeringAlma Mater Studiorum University of BolognaViale Risorgimento 2Bologna40136Italy IRPI-CNR Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological ProtectionNational Research CouncilC.so Stati Uniti4Padova35127Italy IMHE-CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process/Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesBlock 4Renminnanlu RoadChengdu610041China

Back-analysis is broadly used for approaching geotechnical problems when monitoring data are available and information about the soils properties is of poor *** landslide stability assessment back-analysis calibration is usually carried out by time consuming trial-and-error *** paper presents a new automatic Decision Support System that supports the selection of the soil parameters for three-dimensional models of landslides based on monitoring *** method considering a pool of possible solutions,generated through permutation of soil parameters,selects the best ten configurations that are more congruent with the measured *** reduces the operator biases while on the other hand allows the operator to control each step of the *** final selection of the preferred solution among the ten best-fitting solutions is carried out by an *** operator control is necessary as he may include in the final decision process all the qualitative elements that cannot be included in a qualitative analysis but nevertheless characterize a landslide dynamic as a whole epistemological subject,for example on the base of geomorphological evidence.A landslide located in Northeast Italy has been selected as example for showing the system *** proposed method is straightforward,scalable and robust and could be useful for researchers and practitioners.

关键词： Automatic landslide modelling FLAC3D~(TM) Back-analysis Optimization Decision Support System

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Highly efficient and automated extraction of DNA from human remains using a modified EZ1 protocol

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第1期6卷 59-66页

作者： Anna Barbaro Sasha Samar giacomo Falcone Angelo La Marca Department of Forensic Genetics Studio Indagini Mediche E Forensi(SIMEF)Reggio CalabriaItaly

Bones and teeth often represent the only sources of DNA available for identifying human *** in bones and teeth is generally better preserved than that in soft tissues because of the presence of hard connective tissue with a high level of *** of the extensive mineralisation,the choice of an efficient DNA extraction procedure is important to minimise the sampling of a high level of minerals and to remove polymerase chain reaction(PCR)*** protocols are available for DNA extraction from bones and teeth as part of the Qiagen EZ1 DNA Investigator Kit using the EZ1 Advanced XL automated purification *** improve the efficiency of DNA extraction from skeletal remains,the present study focuses on a modification to these already available *** this study,different bones and teeth collected between 1 and 50 years after death were subjected to DNA extraction using the standard EZ1 protocol,a supplementary protocol,and a modified *** modified approach included a decalcification step,whereas the Qiagen protocols worked directly on non-decalcified *** all three procedures,150 mg samples were used for DNA *** evaluated the quantity of DNA recovered from samples,the presence of any PCR inhibitors co-extracted,the level of DNA degradation,the quality of short tandem repeat(STR)profiles,and the reproducibility of the modified *** compared with the other protocols,the modified protocol resulted in the best recovery of DNA that was free of PCR ***,the STR profiles were reliable and of high *** our opinion,the decalcification step increases DNA recovery by softening tissues,which allows lysis solutions to act more ***,the use of two lysis solutions and the variation added to the EZ1 purification step allow for DNA recovery with quality and quantity superior to those of the previously available Qiagen-based *** findings may be helpful solutions to t

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic genetics DNA extraction bone tooth EZ1 automation

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Hydrodynamic Performance of Euplectella aspergillum:Simulating Real Life Conditions in the Abyss

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第1期33卷 273-282页

作者： giacomo Falcucci Giorgio Amati Pierluigi Fanelli Sauro Succi Maurizio Porfiri Department of Enterprise Engineering“Mario Lucertini” University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Department of Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA High Performance Computing Department CINECA Rome SectionRomeItaly DEIM School of EngineeringUniversity of TusciaViterboItaly Italian Institute of Technology Center for Life Nano-and Neuro-ScienceRomeItaly National Research Council of Italy–Institute for Applied Computing(IAC) RomeItaly Department of Biomedical Engineering Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Center for Urban Science and Progress Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

We detail some of the understudied aspects of the flow inside and around the Hexactinellid Sponge Euplectella *** leveraging the flexibility of the Lattice Boltzmann Method,High Performance Computing simulations are performed to dissect the complex conditions corresponding to the actual environment at the bottom of the ocean,at depths between 100 and 1,000 *** large-scale simulations unveil potential clues on the evolutionary adaptations of these deep-sea sponges in response to the surrounding fluid flow,and they open the path to future investigations at the interface between physics,engineering and biology.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method fluid-structure interaction sponge hydrodynamics high performance computing complex boundary conditions

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Acute isolated vertigo with vertical up-beating nystagmus: A rare case of nucleus intercalatus of Staderini ischemia

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Journal of Otology 2023年第4期18卷 246-249页

作者： Francesco Comacchio giacomo Talenti Renzo Manara Chiara Briani Otolaryngology Unit University Hospital Sant’Antonio PadovaVia Facciolati 7135127PadovaItaly Neuroradiology Unit University Hospital PadovaVia Giustiniani 235128PadovaItaly Neurology Unit University Hospital PadovaVia Giustiniani 235128PadovaItaly

The role of intercalatus nucleus of Staderini(INS),the most caudal of the perihypoglossal nuclei,is much *** research seems to suggest that this nucleus plays a role as a vertical eyes movements *** few clinical reports present in the literature that describe isolated lesions of the INS have described patients presenting in acute with up-beating vertical spontaneous *** acute lesion of INS is,in fact,much rare,and,without other neurological signs,is *** present a case of acute isolated vertigo with no other neurological signs or symptoms,due to INS ischemia provoked by vertebral artery *** patient presented with spontaneous vertical up-beating nystagmus that showed at videonystagmographic recording,a clear exponential decay of angular slow-phase velocity,that is considered a typical sign of neural integrator *** case seems to represent a further confirm that INS is part,as a vertical-to-position neural integrator,of the neural circuit controlling the vertical eyes movements.

关键词： Vertigo Up-beating nystagmus Intercalatus nucleus Staderini Vertebral artery occlusion Brainstem ischemia

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Hepatitis C virus related cirrhosis decreased as indication to liver transplantation since the introduction of direct-acting antivirals: A single-center study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第38期24卷 4403-4411页

作者： Alberto Ferrarese giacomo Germani Martina Gambato Francesco Paolo Russo Marco Senzolo Alberto Zanetto Sarah Shalaby Umberto Cillo giacomo Zanus Paolo Angeli Patrizia Burra Multivisceral Transplant Unit Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology Padua University Hospital Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology Padua University Hospital Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Padua University Hospital

AIM To evaluate waiting list(WL) registration and liver transplantation(LT) rates in patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related cirrhosis since the introduction of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs).METHODS All adult patients with cirrhosis listed for LT at Padua University Hospital between 2006-2017 were retrospectively collected using a prospectivelyupdated database; patients with HCV-related cirrhosis were divided by indication for LT [dec-HCV vs HCV/hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)] and into two interval times(2006-2013 and 2014-2017) according to the introduction of DAAs. For each patient, indications to LT, severity of liver dysfunction and the outcome in the WL were assessed and compared between the two different time periods. For patients receiving DAA-based regimens, the achievement of viral eradication and the outcome were also evaluated. RESULTS One thousand one hundred and ninty-four [male(M)/female(F): 925/269] patients were included. Considering the whole cohort, HCV-related cirrhosis was the main etiology at the time of WL registration(490/1194 patients, 41%). HCV-related cirrhosis significantly decreased as indication to WL registration after DAA introduction(from 43.3% in 2006-2013 to 37.2% in 2014-2017, P = 0.05), especially amongst decHCV(from 24.2% in 2006-2013 to 15.9% in 2014-2017, P = 0.007). Even HCV remained the most common indication to LT over time(289/666, 43.4%), there was a trend towards a decrease after DAAs introduction(from 46.3% in 2006-2013 to 39% in 2014-2017, P = 0.06). HCV patients(M/F: 43/11, mean age: 57.7 ± 8 years) who achieved viral eradication in the WL had better transplant-free survival(log-rank test P = 0.02) and delisting rate(P = 0.002) than untreated HCV patients. CONCLUSION Introduction of DAAs significantly reduced WL registrations for HCV related cirrhosis, especially in the setting of decompensated cirrhosis.

关键词： Liver transplantation Hepatitis C Cirrhosis Sustained virological response

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