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A field parcel-oriented approach to evaluate the crop cover-management factor and time-distributed erosion risk in Europe

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第1期11卷 43-59页

作者： Francis Matthews gert.verstraeten Pasquale Borrelli Panos Panagos European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU LeuvenBelgium Department of Science Roma Tre University00146RomeItaly

The crop cover-management(C-)factor in arable landscapes describes the soil erosion susceptibility associated with seasonally cultivated *** informatic and computational limitations have led many modelling studies to prescribe C-factor values and assume spatial and temporal ***,the multiple influencing factors ranging from parcel-scale crop cultivation and management to regional-scale rainfall regimes motivates new methods to capture this variation when identifying at-risk ***,we define a multi-component method to derive the C-factor by associating time series of canopy and residue surface cover from Sentinel-2 and climate-specific rainfall erosivity with Integrated Administration and Control System(IACS)field parcel data from European Union member states.A scalable and standardised method is emphasised to increase the future interoperability and inter-comparability of soil erosion modelling studies deploying the ***,field parcel simu-lation units with associated crop declarations provide a new reference scale to link predictions of soil erosion risk with specific management decisions and declarations by *** implementing the method on a homogenised subsample of 8600 field parcels covering available IACS regions,several key findings are outlined:1)time series information provides new opportunities to predict the time-criticality of erosion in specific crop cultivations,2)the varying(a-)synchronicity between seasonal crop canopy cover and heavy rainstorms means that spatial variability is inherent within the C-factor across Europe,and 3)the addition of agricultural management practices(*** practice de-scriptions)to open-access IACS repositories can facilitate more comprehensive evaluations of the C-factor and soil erosion risk.

关键词： C-factor Soil erosion Modelling Remote sensing Crop-phenology IACS data Soil conservation Europe

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BLADE SECTION DESIGN OF MARINE PROPELLERS WITH MAXIMUM CAVITATION INCEPTION SPEED

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2012年第1期24卷 65-75页

作者： ZENG Zhi-bo KUIPER gert China Ship Scientific Research Center Wuxi 214082China Soetendaalseweg 106721 XB BennekomThe Netherlands

Kuiper and Jessup（1993）developed a design method for propellers in a wake based on the Eppler foil design *** optimized section is transformed into the three-dimensional propeller flow using the approach of the effective blade *** blade sections are two-dimensional sections in two-dimensional flow which have the same chordwise loading distribution as the three-dimensional blade sections of a ***,the design procedure is laborious in two aspects：finding an optimum blade section using the Eppler program requires much skill of the designer,and transforming the two-dimensional blade section into a propeller blade section in three-dimensional flow is *** this work,these two problems were coped with.A blade section design procedure was presented using an optimization technique and an alternative procedure for the effective blade section is developed using a lifting surface design *** validate the method a benchmark model of a naval ship was *** benchmark model was extended by new appendices and a reference propeller,and designed using conventional design *** reference propeller was optimized using the new design procedure and model tests were carried *** attention was given to the data of the model and the reference propeller,to make the configuration suitable for the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes（RANS）calculations.

关键词： blade section Eppler foil design method genetic algorithm cavitation inception high speed cavitation observation

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Hydrogeology in the Nordic Countries

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Episodes 2008年第1期31卷 148-154页

作者： gert Knutsson Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering Royal Institute of Technology S-10044 Stockholm Sweden.

Hydrogeology in the Nordic Countries is characterized by many types of aquifers and great differences in groundwater recharge. Fracture aquifers in crystalline, hard rocks are the most common type of aquifer with, in general, low fracture porosity and low well yields. The most productive crystalline rocks are the basalts in Iceland and the rapakivi granite in Finland. The fracture and fault zones have mostly high conductivity. Porous aquifers are found in various types of geology. The most porous ones are the lava-fields and the pyroclastic rocks in the active volcanic zone of Iceland, but glaciofluvial deposits such as eskers and deltas in Finland, Norway and Sweden, outwash plains in SW Denmark and sandurs in Iceland are also very porous and good aquifers, as are some sedimentary rocks in Denmark. The glacial till has, in general, low conductivity. Fractured porous aquifers in consolidated limestones and sandstones have high well yields in relatively young formations in Denmark and Scania in southern Sweden, but medium or low yields in older strata. Karst aquifers have limited extension, but there are some well developed ones in the Caledonian mountain range in Norway and Sweden. Geothermal water with a lot of springs and even geysers are common in Iceland and of great economic importance. The groundwater chemistry of the crystalline, hard rocks is notable for bacteria, brines and mixed water at great depths （more than 500 m） as well as high contents of arsenic, fluoride and radon in drilled wells in certain regions.

关键词：水文地质学北欧国家资源利用科学勘探

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Putative roles of cathepsin B in Alzheimer's disease pathology: the good, the bad, and the ugly in one?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2100-2101页

作者： Hans-gert Bernstein Gerburg Keilhoff Department of Psychiatry Otto v.Guericke University Magdeburg Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Otto v.Guericke University Magdeburg

Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss in memory,cognition,and executive function and activities of daily *** pathogenesis has been shown to involve loss of neurons and synapses,cholinergic deficits,amyloid-beta protein（Aβ）deposition,tau protein hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation.

关键词： AD and the ugly in one the bad the good Putative roles of cathepsin B in Alzheimer’s disease pathology

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Towards a better understanding of pathways of multiple co-occurring erosion processes on global cropland

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 713-725页

作者： Pasquale Borrelli Christine Alewell Jae E.Yang Nejc Bezak Yixian Chen Ayele Almaw Fenta Arthur Nicolaus Fendrich Surya Gupta Francis Matthews Sirio Modugno Nigussie Haregeweyn David A.Robinson Florence Tan Matthias Vanmaercke gert.verstraeten Diana C.S.Vieira Panos Panagos Department of Environmental Sciences Environmental GeosciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland Department of Biological Environment Kangwon National UniversityChuncheonRepublic of Korea Department of Science Roma Tre UniversityRomeItaly Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering University of Ljubljana1000LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU LeuvenBelgium International Platform for Dryland Research and Education Tottori UniversityTottori680-0001Japan European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly Laboratoire des Sciences Du Climat et de L'Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSACLAYGif sur Yvette91190France UniversitéParis-Saclay INRAEAgroParisTechUMR SAD-APT91120PalaiseauFrance United Nation World Food Programme 00148RomaItaly Centre for Landscape and Climate Research School of GeographyGeology and the EnvironmentUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Environment Centre WalesBangorUnited Kingdom

Soil erosion is a complex process involving multiple natural and anthropic agents,causing the deterio-ration of multiple components comprising soil ***,we provide an estimate of the spatial pat-terns of cropland susceptibility to erosion by sheet and rill,gully,wind,tillage,and root crops harvesting and report the co-occurrence of these processes using a multi-model *** addition,to give a global overview of potential future changes,we identify the locations where these multiple concurrent soil erosion processes may be expected to intersect with projected dry/wet climate changes by *** a modelled 1.48 billion hectares(B ha)of global cropland,our results indicate that 0.56 B ha(-36%of the total area)are highly susceptible(classes 4 and 5)to a single erosion process,0.27 B ha(-18%of the total area)to two processes and 0.02 B ha(1.4%of the total area)to three or more *** estimated 0.82 B ha of croplands are susceptible to possible increases in water(0.68 B ha)and wind(0.14 B ha)*** contend that the presented set of estimates represents a basis for enhancing our founda-tional knowledge on the geography of soil erosion at the global *** generated insight on multiple erosion processes can be a useful starting point for decision-makers working with ex-post and ex-ante policy evaluation of the UN Sustainable Development Goal 15(Life on Land)***,this work provides the hitherto most comprehensive assessment of soil erosion risks at the global scale,based on state-of-the-art models.

关键词： Modelling Multi-model approach Water Wind Gully Tillage Crop harvesting

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Test Time Minimization for Hybrid BIST of Core-Based Systems

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2006年第6期21卷 907-912页

作者： gert Jervan Petru Eles Zebo Peng Raimund Ubar Maksim Jenihhin Embedded Systems Laboratory (ESLAB) Linkoeing University Sweden Department of Computer Engineering Tallinn University of Technology Estonia

This paper presents a solution to the test time minimization problem for core-based systems. We assume a hybrid BIST approach, where a test set is assembled, for each core, from pseudorandom test patterns that are generated online, and deterministic test patterns that are generated off-line and stored in the system. In this paper we propose an iterative algorithm to find the optimal combination of pseudorandom and deterministic test sets of the whole system, consisting of multiple cores, under given memory constraints, so that the total test time is minimized. Our approach cmploys a fast estimation methodology in order to avoid exhaustive search and to speed-up the calculation process. Experimental results have shown the efficiency of the algorithm to find near optimal solutions.

关键词： SoC self-test hybrid BIST

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STABILIZATION, REFORMATION AND MELTING OF POLY(L-LACTIDE) CRYSTALLITES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2007年第1期25卷 83-94页

作者： Tai-Yon Cho Barbara Heck gert Strobl Physikalisches Institut Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt Freiburg 79104 FreiburgGermany

The large size of the crystallites in poly（L-lactide） and the low growth rate enable detailed time- and temperaturedependent X-ray scattering studies of the ordering processes to be carded out. A layer located intermediate between crystals and melt-like regions is observed which finally takes on crystalline order. Recrystallization processes during heating change the complete stack structure rather than the crystallites individually and produce voids in the stacks, Establishment of a new stable structure after a temperature jump in the melting range can be followed in time. DSC experiments indicate times of melting of the order of minutes.

关键词： Poly(L-lactide) Polymer crystallization Small angle X-ray scattering Semicrystalline structure.

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Testicular biopsy： clinical practice and interpretation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第1期14卷 88-93,177页

作者： gert R Dohle Saad Elzanaty Niels J van Casteren Department of Urology Erasmus MC 3000 CA Rotterdam The Netherlands Department of General Surgery U rology Section Kristianstad Central Hospital Kristianstad SE 291 85 Sweden

Testicular biopsy was considered the cornerstone of male infertility diagnosis for many years in men with unexplained infertility and azoospermia. Recent guidelines for male infertility have limited the indications for a diagnostic testicular biopsy to the confirmation of obstructive azoospermia in men with normal size testes and normal reproductive hormones. Nowadays, testicular biopsies are mainly performed for sperm harvesting in men with non-obstructive azoospermia, to be used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Testicular biopsy is also performed in men with risk factors for testicular malignancy. In a subgroup of infertile men, there is an increased risk for carcinoma in situ of the testis, especially in men with a history of cryptorchidism and testicular malignancy and in men with testicular atrophy. Ultrasonographic abnormalities, such as testicular microlithiasis, inhomogeneous parenchyma and lesions of the testes, further increase the risk of carcinoma in situ （CIS） in these men. For an accurate histological classification, proper tissue handling, fixation, preparation of the specimen and evaluation are needed. A standardized approach to testicular biopsy is recommended. In addition, approaches to the detection of CIS of the testis testicular immunohistochemistry are mandatory. In this mini-review, we describe the current indications for testicular biopsies in the diagnosis and management of male infertility.

关键词： carcinoma in situ of the testis diagnosis male infertility testicular sperm extraction testicular biopsy testicular germ cell malignancies

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The role of varicocele sclerotherapy in men with severe ol igo-astheno-teratozoos perm ia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第6期13卷 867-871页

作者： Mazen A Ghanem Manal A Safan Ashraf A Ghanem gert R Dohle Department of Urology Menoufiya University 3481 Shebin EI-Kom Egypt Department of Urology Erasmus MC 3000 CA Rotterdam The Netherlands Department of Clinica Biochemistry Menoufiya University 3481 Shebin EI-Kom Egypt Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Mansoura University 35515 Mansoura Egypt

The aim of this study was to verify the role of antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy for the treatment of varicoceles in infertile men with severe oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia （OAT）. The 59 patients with severe OAT in this study underwent antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy for the treatment of varicoceles. The outcome was assessed in terms of improvement in semen parameters and spontaneous conception rate. Semen parameters and reproductive hormones were evaluated before antegrade sclerotherapy （AS） and 6 months after AS. After an average follow-up time of 34.8_＋3.2 months, significant improvement was noted in the mean sperm concentration, motility and morphology in 36 patients （61%）. Spontaneous pregnancy occurred in nine couples （15%）. Six months after treatment, inhibin B levels were significantly higher （P〉0.04）, whereas follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） levels were significantly lower （P〈0.001） than before treatment. Antegrade internal spermatic vein sclerotherapy can significantly improve seminal parameters and hormonal parameters in men with severe OAT and may even result in spontaneous pregnancy in couples who would otherwise be candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI）.

关键词： infertility Inhibin B oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia sclerotherapy semen parameters varicocele

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Etiology and early pathogenesis of malignant testicular germ cell tumors： towards possibilities for preinvasive diagnosis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第3期17卷 381-393页

作者： Jenny E Elzinga-Tinke gert R Dohle Leendert HJ Looijenga Department of Urology Subsection of Andrology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands Department of Pathoiogy Laboratory of Experimental Patho-Oncology Erasmus MC Cancer institute University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands

Malignant testicular germ cell tumors （TGCT） are the most frequent cancers in Caucasian males （20-40 years） with an 70% increasing incidence the last 20 years, probably due to combined action of （epi）genetic and （micro）environmental factors. It is expected that TGCT have carcinoma in situ （CIS） as their common precursor, originating from an embryonic germ cell blocked in its maturation process. The overall cure rate of TGCT is more than 90%, however, men surviving TGCT can present long-term side effects of systemic cancer treatment. In contrast, men diagnosed and treated for CIS only continue to live without these long-term side effects. Therefore, early detection of CIS has great health benefits, which will require an informative screening method. This review described the etiology and early pathogenesis of TGCT, as well as the possibilities of early detection and future potential of screening men at risk for TGCT. For screening, a well-defined risk profile based on both genetic and environmental risk factors is needed. Since 2009, several genome wide association studies （GWAS） have been published, reporting on single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） with significant associations in or near the genes KITLG, SPRY4, BAK1, DMRT1, TERT, ATF71P, HPGDS, MAD1L1, RFWD3, TEX14, and PPMIE, likely to be related to TGCT development. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal environmental factors also influence the onset of CIS. A noninvasive early detection method for CIS would be highly beneficial in a clinical setting, for which specific miRNA detection in semen seems to be very promising. Further research is needed to develop a well-defined TGCT risk profile, based on gene-environment interactions, combined with noninvasive detection method for CIS.

关键词： carcinoma in situ etiology environmental exposure semen diagnostics single nucleotide polymorphism testicular germcell tumor pathogenesis

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