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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2020年第3期4卷 243-251页

作者： gerd Bramerdorfer Edmund Marth Gereon Goldbeck Department of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics Johannes Kepler University LinzAustria

This work is about analyzing surface mounted permanent magnet machines regarding their sensitiveness related to erroneous magnet positioning.A finite element analysis based approach is presented and different topologies in terms of slot and pole count are *** study further includes the analysis of multiple magnet widths and stator teeth *** contrast to most of previous studies,the work is based on evaluating the cumulative distribution function of the cogging torque in case of non-idealities.A Monte Carlo importance sampling based strategy is *** approach facilitates studying arbitrary tolerance *** reveal that topologies with particularly promising rated cogging torque behaviour exhibit the most significant performance degradation in presence of tolerances.A linear relationship is identified for cogging torque performance as function of the accuracy in magnet *** emphasize the necessity of tolerance analyses for electric machine design to not overrate their performance in the presence of manufacturing uncertainties.

关键词： cumulative distribution function electric machine Monte Carlo PMSM quantile sensitivity tolerance analysis

Selectfluor作用下二芳基二硫醚和醇的双亚磺酰化反应制备亚磺酸酯

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有机化学 2020年第7期40卷 1926-1933页

作者：刘爱遥刘江梅海波 gerd-Volker röschenthaler 韩建林南京林业大学化学工程学院江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协调创新中心南京210037 青岛科技大学化学与分子工程学院山东省生化分析重点实验室青岛266042 不来梅雅各布大学生命科学与化学学院不来梅28759

报道了一种新型的由二芳基二硫醚和醇双亚磺酰化反应来制备亚磺酸酯的方法.在Selectfluor作为氧化剂的条件下,一分子二硫醚与两分子醇反应,能够顺利转化得到两分子亚磺酸酯产物.该反应无需金属催化剂,在简单温和的条件下即可进行,反应... 详细信息

报道了一种新型的由二芳基二硫醚和醇双亚磺酰化反应来制备亚磺酸酯的方法.在Selectfluor作为氧化剂的条件下,一分子二硫醚与两分子醇反应,能够顺利转化得到两分子亚磺酸酯产物.该反应无需金属催化剂,在简单温和的条件下即可进行,反应产率很高.反应底物适用性广,含有不同取代基的二硫醚和醇,包括天然的手性醇类化合物,均能很好地发生反应得到相应的产物.该方法实现了简单条件下通过醇的亚磺酰化反应高效地构建亚磺酸酯,为亚磺酸酯及其衍生物的合成提供了一条新的途径.

关键词： Selectfluor 二硫醚亚磺酰化亚磺酸酯 C—O键断裂

Bragg-mirror-like circular dichroism in bio-inspired quadruple-gyroid 4srs nanostructures

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 328-335页

作者： Benjamin P Cumming gerd E Schröder-Turk Sukanta Debbarma Min Gu Laboratory of Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics and CUDOS School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3001Australia Centre for Micro-Photonics Faculty of ScienceEngineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVictoria 3122Australia School of Engineering and Information Technology Mathematics and StatisticsMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern Australia 6150Australia Laser Physics Centre and CUDOS Research School of Physical Sciences and EngineeringAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital Territory 2601Australia

The smooth and tailorable spectral response of Bragg mirrors has driven their pervasive use in optical systems requiring customizable spectral control of beam ***,the simple nature of Bragg mirror reflection prevents their application to the control of important polarization states such as circular *** helical and gyroid-based nanostructures exhibiting circular dichroism have been developed extensively to address this limitation,they are often restricted by the spectral inconsistency of their optical *** we present the fabrication and characterization of quadruple-gyroid 4srs nanostructures exhibiting bio-inspired Bragg-mirror-like circular dichroism:a smooth and uniform band of circular dichroism reminiscent of the spectrum of a simple multilayer ***,we demonstrate that the circular dichroism produced by 4srs nanostructures are robust to changes in incident angle and beam collimation,providing a new platform to create and engineer circular dichroism for functional circular polarization manipulation.

关键词： Bio-inspired Bragg-mirror Chirality Circular dichroism Gyroid

Impact of exciton fine structure on the energy transfer in magicsized(CdSe)13 clusters

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Nano research 2024年第12期17卷 10669-10676页

作者： Jan Bieniek Woonhyuk Baek Severin Lorenz Franziska Muckel rachel Fainblat Taeghwan Hyeon gerd Bacher Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik and CENIDE University of Duisburg-EssenBismarckstr.81Duisburg 47057Germany School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Center for Nanoparticle research Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Seoul 151-742Republic of Korea Department of Semiconductor Science&Technology Baekje-daeroDeokjin-guJeonju-siJeonbuk State 54896Republic of Korea Electroenergetic Functional Materials(EEFM)&CENIDE University Duisburg-EssenDuisburg 47057Germany

Magic-sized(CdSe)13 clusters(MSCs)represent a material class at the boundary between molecules and quantum dots that exhibit a pronounced and well separated excitonic fine *** characteristic photoluminescence is composed of exciton bandgap emission and a spectrally broad mid-gap emission related to surface ***,we report on a thermally activated energy transfer from fine-structure split exciton states to surface states by using temperature dependent photoluminescence excitation *** demonstrate that the broad mid-gap emission can be suppressed by a targeted Mn-doping of the MSC leading to the characteristic orange luminescence of the^(4)T_(1)→^(6)A_(1)Mn^(2+)*** energy transfer to the Mn^(2+)states is found to be significantly different than the transfer to the surface defect states,as the activation of the dopant emission requires a spin-conserving charge carrier transfer that only dark excitons can provide.

关键词： magic-sized cluster Mn-doping excitonic fine structure surface defects energy transfer

Nomenclature of Cambrian epochs and series based on GSSPs Comments on an alternative proposal by rowland and Hicks

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Episodes 2006年第2期29卷 130-132页

作者： Shanchi Peng Loren E. Babcock gerd Geyer Malgorzata Moczydlowska State Key Laboratory on Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology CAS 39 East Beijing Road Nanjing 210008 China Department of Geological Sciences 125 South Oval Mall The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA Institute fǜr Palaontologie Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Pleicherwall 1 D-97070 Würzburg Germany Department of Earth Sciences Uppsala University Norbyvaigen 22 SE-752.36 Uppsala Sweden

In this issue, rowland ＆ Hicks advocate a nomenclature for the four epochs of the Cambrian Period that carries over the terms Early, Middle, and Late Cambrian from previous usage （but with new definitions） and introduces a non-geographically-based term, Ichnocambrian, for the earliest Cambrian epoch. The terms Lower/Early, Middle, and Late/Upper Cambrian are confusing because they connote the second, third, and fourth epochs/series of the period/system, and because each is defined in a way that is different from traditional definitions of those intervals. The use of these terms will ultimately lead to confusion between older concepts of Early, Middle, and Late Cambrian and newer, refined concepts of the epochs. The philosophy of the International Subcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy for establishing a clear subdivision of the Cambrian on a global scale is unambiguous： stratigraphic terms previously in use lack global applicability and should not be adopted as chronostratigraphic/geochronologic units in the developing global stratigraphic chart of the Cambrian. Moreover, all series and stage names should be GSSP （stratotype section）-based.

关键词：全球界线层型剖面点罗兰环寒武纪 GSSP

Suicidal behavior-advances in clinical and neurobiological research and improvement of prevention strategies

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第9期12卷 1115-1126页

作者： Thomas Sobanski Gregor Peikert Ulrich W Kastner gerd Wagner Department of Psychiatry Psychotherapyand Psychosomatic MedicineTHUERINGEN-Kliniken GmbHSaalfeld 07318Germany Network for Suicide Prevention in Thuringia(NeST) Jena 07743Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital JenaJena 07743Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Helios Fachkliniken HildburghausenHildburghausen 98646Germany

Suicide is the 14^(th)leading cause of death *** is responsible for 1%-5%of all *** article highlights the latest developments in universal,selective,and indicated prevention *** universal suicide prevention,current research has shown that strategies such as restricting access to lethal means(e.g.,control of analgesics and hot-spots for suicide by jumping)and school-based awareness programs are most *** selective prevention,substantial progress can be expected in psychological screening methods for suicidal *** measurement of implicit cognition proved to be more valid in predicting future suicide attempts than classic clinical *** developments are smartphone-based interventions and realtime monitoring of suicidal *** effort has been made to establish valid neurobiological screening methods(e.g.,genetic and epigenetic risk factors for suicide,hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis)without yielding a major ***,multiple biomarkers rather than a single one are necessary to identify individuals at *** regard to indicated prevention in form of psychopharmacological treatment,recent pharmacoepidemiological studies and meta-analyses have supported a protective role of antidepressants,lithium,and ***,the data concerning a specific anti-suicidal effect of these drugs are currently not *** results exist for ketamine in reducing suicidal ideation,independently of its antidepressant *** psychotherapy,recent findings suggest that psychotherapeutic interventions specifically designed to prevent suicide re-attempts are most ***,cognitive behavioral therapy and psychodynamic therapy approaches proved to decrease the number of suicide re-attempts significantly.

关键词： Antidepressants Biomarkers Cognitive behavioral therapy Ketamine Prevention Suicide

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for non-malignant gastrointestinal diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17368-17375页

作者： Abdulbaqi Al-toma Petula Nijeboer gerd Bouma Otto Visser Chris JJ Mulder Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology 3430 EM NieuwegeinThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology VU University Medical Centre1005 MB AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Hematology VU University Medical Centre1005 MB AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Both, autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be used to cure or ameliorate a variety of malignant and non-malignant diseases. The rationale behind this strategy is based on the concept of immunoablation using high-dose chemotherapy, with subsequent regeneration of naive T-lymphocytes derived from reinfused hematopoietic progenitor cells. In addition, the use of HSCT allows for the administration of high-dose chemotherapy (whether or not combined with immunomodulating agents such as antithymocyte globulin) resulting in a prompt remission in therapy-refractory patients. This review gives an update of the major areas of successful uses of HSCT in non-malignant gastrointestinal disorders. A Medline search has been conducted and all relevant published data were analyzed. HSCT has been proved successful in treating refractory Crohn’s disease (CD). Patients with refractory celiac disease type II and a high risk of developing enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma have shown promising improvement. Data concerning HSCT and mesenchymal SCT in end-stage chronic liver diseases are encouraging. In refractory autoimmune gastrointestinal diseases high-dose chemotherapy followed by HSCT seems feasible and safe and might result in long-term improvement of disease activity. Mesenchymal SCT for a selected group of CD is promising and may represent a significant therapeutic alternative in treating fistulas in CD.

关键词： Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Mesenchymal stem cells Non-malignant gastrointestinal diseases Celiac disease refractory celiac disease Lymphoma Crohn’ s Ulcerative colitis Cirrhosis

real and Fitted Spherical Indentations

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2020年第10期10卷 207-229页

作者： gerd Kaupp University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany

Spherical indentations that rely on original date are analyzed with the physically correct mathematical formula and its integration that take into account the radius over depth changes upon penetration. Linear plots, phase-transition onsets, energies, and pressures are algebraically obtained for germanium, zinc-oxide and gallium-nitride. There are low pressure phase-transitions that correspond to, or are not resolved by hydrostatic anvil onset pressures. This enables the attribution of polymorph structures, by comparing with known structures from pulsed laser deposition or molecular beam epitaxy and twinning. The spherical indentation is the easiest way for the synthesis and further characterization of polymorphs, now available in pure form under diamond calotte and in contact with their corresponding less dense polymorph. The unprecedented results and new possibilities require loading curves from experimental data. These are now easily distinguished from data that are “fitted” to make them concur with widely used unphysical Johnson’s formula for spheres (“P = (4/3)h3/2R1/2E∗”) not taking care of the r/h variation. Its challenge is indispensable, because its use involves “fitting equations” for making the data concur. These faked reports (no “experimental” data) provide dangerous false moduli and theories. The fitted spherical indentation reports with radii ranging from 4 to 250 μm are identified for PDMS, GaAs, Al, Si, SiC, MgO, and Steel. The detailed analysis reveals characteristic features.

关键词： Spherical Indentations Correct Formula Phase-Transition Onset Pressure False Johnson Formula Detection of Data Fittings

Laboratory evaluation of higher-order aberrations and light scattering in explanted opacified intraocular lenses

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Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 124-134页

作者： GrzegorzŁabuz Timur M.Yildirim gerd U.Auffarth Hyeck-Soo Son ramin Khoramnia David J Apple Center for Vision research Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 40069120 HeidelbergGermany

Background:Intraocular lens(IOL)calcification is a serious condition that can only be treated by removing the clouded *** explantation bears the risk of complications,it is often deferred until the patient finds the symptoms ***,as the IOL opacifies,visual acuity is minimally affected early *** this study,we assessed the impact of IOL opacification on optical ***:We analyzed ten opacified explanted IOLs(Oculentis GmbH).Wavefront aberrations were obtained with a SHSOphthalmic device(Optocraft GmbH),which features a Hartmann-Shack *** root mean square(rMS)of higher-order aberrations(HOAs)was *** effect of calcification on image quality was assessed through the Strehl ratio(Sr).We detected light scattering with a C-Quant(Oculus GmbH)and expressed it as a straylight ***:At 2 mm,3mm and 4 mm,the mean rMS(±standard deviation)was 0.033μm(±0.026μm),0.044μm(±0.027),and 0.087μm(±0.049),*** mean Sr value was 0.81±0.15 at 3 mm,with four IOLs showing a nearly diffraction-limited performance,but in two explants,opacification precluded reliable *** straylight was found in all opacified IOLs with a mean value of 150.2±56.3 deg^(2)/sr at 3 ***:We demonstrated that IOL opacification induces ***,the rMS remained low,which resulted only in a slight reduction of the Sr-derived optical *** the other hand,we found a severe straylight elevation in the opacified lenses,which may result in dysphotopsia,such as glare,and subjective complaints,despite good visual acuity.

关键词： Higher-order aberrations Intraocular lens Straylight IOL opacification

The Non-Equivalence of Pyramids and Their Pseudo-Cones: Important New Insights

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第4期10卷 1158-1166页

作者： gerd Kaupp University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany

The simulation of indentations with so called “equivalent” pseudo-cones for decreasing computer time is challenged. The mimicry of pseudo-cones having equal basal surface and depth with pyramidal indenters is excluded by basic arithmetic and trigonometric calculations. The commonly accepted angles of so called “equivalent” pseudo-cones must not also claim equal depth. Such bias (answers put into the questions to be solved) in the historical values of the generally used half-opening angles of pseudo-cones is revealed. It falsifies all simulations or conclusions on that basis. The enormous errors in the resulting hardness HISO and elastic modulus Er-ISO values are disastrous not only for the artificial intelligence. The straightforward deduction for possibly ψ-cones (ψ for pseudo) without biased depths’ errors for equal basal surface and equal volume is reported. These ψ-cones would of course penetrate much more deeply than the three-sided Berkovich and cube corner pyramids (r a/2), and their half-opening angles would be smaller than those of the respective pyramids (reverse with r > a/2 for four-sided Vickers). Also the unlike forces’ direction angles are reported for the more sideward and the resulting downward directions. They are reflected by the diameter of the parallelograms with length and off-angle from the vertical axis. Experimental loading curves before and after the phase-transition onsets are indispensable. Mimicry of ψ-cones and pyramids is also quantitatively excluded. All simulations on their bases would also be dangerously invalid for industrial and solid pharmaceutical materials.

关键词： Basic Mathematics Extreme Errors False Cone Angles Indentation Unphysical Cone Models for Pyramids Undue Simulations