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Study on a Cross Diffusion Parabolic System

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2007年第1期23卷 9-28页

作者： Li chen Ling Hsiao gerald Warnecke Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Institute for Analysis and Numerics Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Box 4120 D-39016Magdeburg Germany

This paper considers a kind of strongly coupled cross diffusion parabolic system, which can be used as the multi-dimensional Lyurnkis energy transport model in semiconductor science. The global existence and large time behavior are obtained for smooth solution to the initial boundary value problem. When the initial data are a small perturbation of an isothermal stationary solution, the smooth solution of the problem under the insulating boundary condition, converges to that stationary solution exponentially fast as time goes to infinity.

关键词： Cross diffusion parabolic system energy transport model global existence asymptotic behavior

Labial tip sensilla of Blissus leucopterus leucopterus （Hemiptera： Blissidae）： Ultrastructure and behavior

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Insect Science 2008年第3期15卷 271-275页

作者： gerald T. Baker Xiong chen Peter W.K. Ma Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Box 9775 Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 USA

The cuticular sensory receptors that are found on the apex of the labium of hemipterans play an important role in their feeding behavior. In this study we describe the ultrastructure, number, and distribution of sensilla on the labium apex of the chinch bug, Blissus leucopterus leucopterus. Each apical field of sensilla on the labium contains 11 uniporous peg sensilla and one sensillum chaeticum. The uniporous peg sensilla are innervated by 4-5 bipolar neurons that send dendrites in the lumen of each peg. Three neurons are associated with each sensillum chaeticum, two neurons have dendrites in the lumen of the sensillum, and the third dendrite ends in a tubular body at the base of the sensillum. Behavioral tests that involve chemical blockage of the sensory receptors show the importance of the labial sensilla in feeding behavior. Both morphological and behavioral evidence indicate that the labial sensilla have a chemosensitive function.

关键词： behavioral tests chinch bug electron microscopy labial sensilla Nmethylmaleimide

Analytical Models for Velocity Distributions in Compound Channels with Emerged and Submerged Vegetated Floodplains

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Chinese Geographical Science 2017年第4期27卷 577-588页

作者： ZHANG Mingwu JIANG Chunbo HUANG Heqing gerald Charles NANSON chen Zhengbing YAO Wenyi Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy Commission State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of HydraulicsTsinghua University Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Wollongong

The lateral distributions of depth-averaged velocity in open compound channels with emerged and submerged vegetated floodplains were analyzed based on the analytical solution of the depth-integrated Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equation with a term to account for the effects of *** three cases considered for open channels were two-stage rectangular channel with emerged vegetated floodplain,rectangular channel with submerged vegetated corner,and two-stage rectangular channel with submerged vegetated floodplain,*** predict the depth-averaged velocity with submerged vegetated floodplains,we proposed a new method based on a two-layer approach where flow above and through the vegetation layer was described ***,further experiments in the two-stage rectangular channel with submerged vegetated floodplain were carried out to verify the *** analytical solutions of the cases indicated that the corresponding analytical depth-averaged velocity distributions agree well with the simulated and experimental *** analytical solutions of the cases with theoretical foundation and without programming calculation were reasonable and applicable,which were more convenient than numerical *** analytical solutions provided a way for future researches to solve the problems of submerged vegetation and discontinuous phenomenon of depth-averaged velocity at the stage point for compound *** the hydraulics of flow in compound channels with vegetated floodplains is very important for supporting the management of fluvial processes.

关键词： compound channel velocity distribution vegetated floodplain two-stage rectangular channel analytical solution

CRISPR/Cas9-based gene activation and base editing in Populus

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Horticulture Research 2023年第6期10卷 205-213页

作者： Tao Yao Guoliang Yuan Haiwei Lu Yang Liu Jin Zhang gerald A.Tuskan Wellington Muchero Jin-Gui chen Xiaohan Yang Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA The Center for Bioenergy Innovation Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Chemical and Biological Process Development Group Pacific Northwest National Laboratory902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99352USA Department of Academic Education Central Community College-HastingsHastingsNE 68901USA State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture College of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

The genus Populus has long been used for environmental,agroforestry and industrial applications *** Populus is also recognized as a desirable crop for biofuel production and a model tree for physiological and ecological *** such,various modern biotechnologies,including CRISPR/Cas9-based techniques,have been actively applied to Populus for genetic and genomic improvements for traits such as increased growth rate and tailored lignin ***,CRISPR/Cas9 has been primarily used as the active Cas9 form to create knockouts in the hybrid poplar clone“717-1B4”(*** x *** clone INRA 717-1B4).Alternative CRISPR/Cas9-based technologies,*** involving modified Cas9 for gene activation and base editing,have not been evaluated in most Populus species for their *** we employed a deactivated Cas9(dCas9)-based CRISPR activation(CRISPRa)technique to fine-tune the expression of two target genes,TPX2 and LecRLK-G which play important roles in plant growth and defense response,in hybrid poplar clone“717-1B4”and poplar clone“WV94”(***“WV94”),*** observed that CRISPRa resulted in 1.2-fold to 7.0-fold increase in target gene expression through transient expression in protoplasts and Agrobacterium-mediated stable transformation,demonstrating the effectiveness of dCas9-based CRISPRa system in *** addition,we applied Cas9 nickase(nCas9)-based cytosine base editor(CBE)to precisely introduce premature stop codons via C-to-T conversion,with an efficiency of 13%–14%,in the target gene PLATZ which encodes a transcription factor involved in plant fungal pathogen response in hybrid poplar clone“717-1B4”.Overall,we showcase the successful application of CRISPR/Cas-based technologies in gene expression regulation and precise gene engineering in two Populus species,facilitating the adoption of emerging genome editing tools in woody species.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 activation base

Expanding the application of a UV-visible reporter for transient gene expression and stable transformation in plants

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 3286-3296页

作者： Guoliang Yuan Haiwei Lu Dan Tang Md Mahmudul Hassan Yi Li Jin-Gui chen gerald A.Tuskan Xiaohan Yang Bioscie nces Divisi on Oak Ridge Nati onal Lab oratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA The Center for Bioe nergy Inno vati on Oak Ridge Nati onal Lab oratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA National Center for Citrus Improvement College of HorticultureHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128 HunanChina Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDumkiPatuakhali 8602Bangladesh

Green fl uorescent protein(GFP)has been widely used for monitoring gene expression and protein localization in diverse ***,highly sensitive imaging equipment,like fl uorescence microscope,is usually required for the visualization of GFP,limitings its application to fi xed locations in samples.A reporter that can be visualized in realtime regardless the shape,size and location of the target samples will increase the fl exibility and ef fi ciency of research ***,we report the application of a GFP-like protein,called eYGFPuv,in both transient expression and stable transformation,in two herbaceous plant species(Arabidopsis and tobacco)and two woody plant species(poplar and citrus).We observed bright fl uorescence under UV light in all of the four plant species without any effects on plant growth or *** was shown to be effective for imaging transient expression in leaf and root *** a focus on in vitro transformation,we demonstrated that the transgenic events expressing 1x eYGFPuv could be easily identi fi ed visually during the callus stage and the shoot stage,enabling early and ef fi cient selection of ***,whole-plant level visualization of eYGFPuv revealed its ubiquitous stability in transgenic *** addition,our transformation experiments showed that eYGFPuv can also be used to select transgenic plants without *** work demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing 1x eYGFPuv in studies of gene expression and plant transformation in diverse plants.

关键词： transient transformation application

Prime Editing Technology and Its Prospects for Future Applications in Plant Biology Research

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BioDesign Research 2020年第1期2020卷 124-137页

作者： Md.Mahmudul Hassan Guoliang Yuan Jin-Gui chen gerald A.Tuskan Xiaohan Yang Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge TN 37831USA Center for Bioenergy Innovation Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDumkiPatuakhali 8602Bangladesh

Many applications in plant biology requires editing genomes accurately including correcting point mutations,incorporation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),and introduction of multinucleotide insertion/deletions(indels)into a predetermined position in the *** types of modifications are possible using existing genome-editing technologies such as the CRISPR-Cas systems,which require induction of double-stranded breaks in the target DNA site and the supply of a donor DNA molecule that contains the desired edit ***,low frequency of homologous recombination in plants and difficulty of delivering the donor DNA molecules make this process extremely *** kind of technology known as base editing can perform precise editing;however,only certain types of modifications can be obtained,e.g.,C/G-to-T/A and A/T-to-G/***,a new type of genome-editing technology,referred to as“prime editing,”has been developed,which can achieve various types of editing such as any base-to-base conversion,including both transitions(C→T,G→A,A→G,and T→C)and transversion mutations(C→A,C→G,G→C,G→T,A→C,A→T,T→A,and T→G),as well as small indels without the requirement for inducing double-stranded break in the *** prime editing has wide flexibility to achieve different types of edits in the genome,it holds a great potential for developing superior crops for various purposes,such as increasing yield,providing resistance to various abiotic and biotic stresses,and improving quality of plant *** this review,we describe the prime editing technology and discuss its limitations and potential applications in plant biology research.

关键词： donor holds precise

Genes encoding a group of related small secreted proteins from the gut of Hessian fly larvae [Mayetiola destructor （Say）]

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Insect Science 2006年第5期13卷 339-348页

作者： MING-SHUN chen XIANG LIU YU-chenG ZHU JOHN C. REESE gerald E. W ILDE USDA-ARS Plant Science and Entomology Research UnitUSA Department of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan KansasUSA USDA-ARS-JWDSRC Stoneville Minnesota USA

A group of related genes has been isolated and characterized from the gut of Hessian fly larvae [Mayetiola destructor （Say）]. Members in this group appear to encode proteins with secretary signal peptides at the N-terminals. The mature putative proteins are small, acidic proteins with calculated molecular masses of 14.5 to 15.3 kDa, and isoelectric points from 4.56 to 4.88. Northern blot analysis revealed that these genes are expressed predominantly in the gut of Hessian fly larvae and pupae. Two related genes, GIOK1 and GIOK2, were isolated as tandem repeats. Both genes contain three exons and two introns. The intron/exon boundaries were conserved in terms of amino acid encoding, suggesting that they arose by gene duplication. The fact that the frequency of this group of clones in a gut cDNA library higher than that of total cDNA clones encoding digestive enzymes suggested that this group of proteins may perform an important function in the gut physiology of this insect. However, the exact functions of these proteins are as yet known since no sequence similarity could be identified between these proteins and any known sequences in public databases using standard methods.

关键词： Hessian fly gut Mayetiola destructor secreted protein wheat

Electrically pumped quantum-dot lasersgrownon 300 mm patterned Si photonic wafers

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2698-2705页

作者： chen Shang Kaiyin Feng Eamonn THughes Andrew Clark Mukul Debnath Rosalyn Koscica gerald Leake Joshua Herman David Harame Peter Ludewig Yating Wan John E.Bowers Materials Department University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA OQE IncGreensboroNC 27409USA RF SUNY Polytechnic Institute AlbanyNY 12203USA NAsPIII/NV GmbH MarburgGermany

Monolithic integration of quantum dot(QD)gain materials onto Si photonic platforms via direct epitaxial growth is a promising solution for on-chip light *** developments have demonstrated superior device reliability in blanket hetero-epitaxy ofⅡ-Ⅴdevices on Si at elevated ***,thick,defect management epi designs prevent vertical light coupling from the gain region to the Si-on-lnsulator ***,we demonstrate the frst electrically pumped QD lasers grown by molecular beam epitaxy on a 300 mm patterned(001)Si wafer with a buttcoupled *** growth and fabrication challenges imposed by the template architecture have been resolved,contributing to continuous wave lasing to 60℃and a maximum double-side output power of 126.6 mW at 20℃with a double-side wall-plug efficiency of 8.6%.The potential for robust on-chip laser operation and effcient lowloss light coupling to Si photonic circuits makes this heteroepitaxial integration platform on Si promising for scalable and low-cost mass production.

关键词： pumped quantum coupling

Death as a Drug Side Effect in FAERS: Is Glyphosate Contamination a Factor?

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第12期6卷 1472-1501页

作者： Stephanie Seneff Nancy Swanson chen Li gerald Koenig Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory MIT Cambridge MA USA Abacus Enterprises Lummi Island WA USA Health-e-Iron LLC Austin TX USA

An analysis of selected datasets from the FDA’s drug Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) leads us to hypothesize that glyphosate contamination in both food and drugs is a major contributor to chronic and acute kidney failure respectively. In chronic kidney failure, glyphosate-induced pancreatitis results in the release of trypsin, causing a leaky vasculature. The albumin-bound glyphosate escapes into the tissues, protecting the circulatory system and kidneys but resulting in multiple symptoms related to skin, gut, brain, bones, lungs, etc. The rare and poorly understood acute kidney failure response reported for protamine sulfate and Trasylol? is strikingly similar to that associated with glyphosate poisoning. Both drugs are derived from biological tissues that are plausibly contaminated with glyphosate. These drugs protect from haemorrhage, which leads to retention of glyphosate in the vasculature, are followed by circulatory collapse and a high likelihood of death as an outcome. We support our argument by comparing symptom profiles of selected subsets of FAERS with those related to glyphosate poisoning, anomalous reactions to protamine sulfate, and conditions showing strong statistical time-trend correlations with glyphosate.

关键词： Drug Side Effects Drug Contamination Renal Failure Glyphosate Pancreatitis Osteonecrosis Protamine Sulfate Aprotinin Oedema