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Colonoscopy attachments for the detection of precancerous lesions during colonoscopy:A review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第37期24卷 4243-4253页

作者： paraskevas Gkolfakis georgios Tziatzios Eleftherios Spartalis Ioannis S papanikolaou Konstantinos Triantafyllou Hepatogastroenterology Unit Second Department of Internal Medicine-PropaedeuticResearch Institute and Diabetes CenterMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens''Attikon”University General HospitalAthens 12462Greece Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 12462Greece

Although colonoscopy has been proven effective in reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer through the detection and removal of precancerous lesions, it remains an imperfect examination, as it can fail in detecting up to almost one fourth of existing adenomas. Among reasons accounting for such failures, is the inability to meticulously visualize the colonic mucosa located either proximal to haustral folds or anatomic curves, including the hepatic and splenic flexures. In order to overcome these limitations, various colonoscope attachments aiming to improve mucosal visualization have been developed. All of them-transparent cap, Endocuff, Endocuff Vision and Endorings-are simply mounted onto the distal tip of the scope. In this review article, we introduce the rationale of their development, present their mode of action and discuss in detail the effect of their implementation in the detection of lesions during colonoscopy.

关键词： Adenoma detection rate Adenoma miss rate Colonoscopy Cup Endocuff Endocuff Vision Endorings

Rifaximin for the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第14期18卷 1700-1702页

作者： georgios N Kalambokis Athanasia Mouzaki Maria Rodi Epameinondas V Tsianos The First Division of Internal Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit Medical School of Ioannina45110 IoanninaGreece Division of Hematology Department of Internal MedicineMedical School26504 PatrasGreece

According to a review article by Biecker et al published in a previous issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology in March 2011,intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin remains the mainstay of primary prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBp) at the expense of development of quinolone-resistant bacteria after long-term *** our research,the administration of a 4-wk regimen with rifaximin 1200 mg/d reduced significantly the ascitic neutrophil count in cirrhotic patients with sterile ascites in line with a significant decrease in plasma endotoxin *** observations concur with recent findings,showing a significantly reduced 5-year probability of SBp in cirrhotic patients taking rifaximin.

关键词： Rifaximin Cirrhosis Ascites Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Obstetrical and gynecologic challenges in the liver transplant patient

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World Journal of Transplantation 2020年第11期10卷 320-329页

作者： Ioannis A Ziogas Muhammad H Hayat georgios Tsoulfas Medical School Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37212United States Department of Surgery Papageorgiou University HospitalAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54622Greece

An increasing number of childbearing agewomen undergo liver transplantation(LT)in the United *** in this patient subgroup poses a significant challenge regarding the plans for future fertility,particularly in terms of immunosuppression and optimal timing of *** LT is only rarely performed as the outcome is commonly dismal for the mother or more commonly the *** the other hand,the outcomes of pregnancy in LT recipients are favorable,and children born to LT recipients are relatively *** on pregnancy should start before LT and continue after LT up until pregnancy,while all pregnant LT recipients must be managed by amultidisciplinary team,including both an obstetrician and a transplant ***,an interval of at least 1-2 years after successful LT is recommended before considering ***-induced hypertension,pre-eclampsia,and gestational diabetes mellitus are reported more commonly during the pregnancies of LT recipients than in the pregnancies of non-transplant *** adverse fetal outcomes,such asmiscarriage,abortion,stillbirth,or ectopic pregnancy,may occur more often than in the non-transplant population,early planning or delivery either through a planned induction of labor or cesarean section is critical to minimize the risk of *** significant long-term physical or phycological abnormalities have been reported in children born to LT recipients.

关键词： Liver transplantation pregnancy Obstetric complications Immunosuppression Fetal outcomes End-stage liver disease

Surgical management of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2023年第3期6卷 83-90页

作者： piero Alberti David Martin georgios Gemenetzis Rowan parks General Surgery(Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery) Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghUK Department of Visceral Surgery and Transplantation University Hospital CHUVUniversity of Lausanne(UNIL)LausanneSwitzerland Ninewells Hospital and Medical School DundeeUK University of Edinburgh Medical SchoolEdinburghUK

pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are a rare and complex group of neoplastic lesions that develop from pancreatic islet *** incidence has dramatically increased during the last two *** to its complex nature and pathophysiological behaviour,surgical management continues to *** remains the cornerstone of treatment for most non-functional and functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours,while lymphadenectomy remains a controversial *** techniques,such as pancreas-preserving and minimally invasive approaches,continue to evolve and offer the same overall outcomes as open *** comprehensive review describes in detail the current and most up-todate classification and staging of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours,explores the rationale for nonsurgical and surgical management,and focuses on surgical treatment and more specifically,on minimally invasive approaches.

关键词： pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms Non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours Functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours Lymphadenectomy Minimally invasive surgery pancreas preserving techniques

promoter methylation status of hMLH1,MGMT,and CDKN2A/p16 in colorectal adenomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第28期16卷 3553-3560页

作者： Vasiliki psofaki Chryssoula Kalogera Nikolaos Tzambouras Dimitrios Stephanou Epameinondas Tsianos Konstantin Seferiadis georgios Kolios Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry University of Ioannina Medical School45500 IoanninaGreece Laboratory of Biochemistry University Hospital of IoanninaLeoforos S.Niarchou45500 IoanninaGreece Hepatogastroenterology Unit of Internal Medicine University Hospital of IoanninaLeoforos S.Niarchou45500 IoanninaGreece Laboratory of pathology University Hospital of IoanninaLeoforos S.Niarchou45500 IoanninaGreece

AIM:To investigate aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands and subsequent low-or high-level DNA microsatellite instability(MSI)which is assumed to drive colon carcinogenesis. METHODS:DNA of healthy individuals,adenoma(tu-bular or villous/tubulovillous)patients,and colorectal carcinoma patients who underwent colonoscopy was used for assessing the prevalence of aberrant DNA methylation of human DNA mismatch repair gene mutator L homologue 1(hMLH1),Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A(CDKN2A/p16),and O-6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase(MGMT),as well as their rela- tion to MSI. RESULTS:The frequency of promoter methylation for each locus increased in the sequence healthy tissue/adenoma/*** showed the highest frequency in each *** and CDKN2A/p16 presented a statistically significant increase in promoter methylation between the less and more tumorigenic forms of colorectal adenomas(tubular vs tubullovillous and villous adenomas).All patients with tubulovillous/villous adenomas,as well as all colorectal cancer patients,showed promoter methylation in at least one of the examined *** findings suggest a potentially crucial role for methylation in the polyp/adenoma to cancer progres- sion in colorectal *** and methylation seem to be interdependent,as simultaneous hMLH1, CDKN2A/p16,and MGMT promoter methylation was present in 8/9 colorectal cancer patients showing the MSI phenotype. CONCLUSION:Methylation analysis of hMLH1,CD- KN2A/p16,and MGMT revealed specific methylation profiles for tubular adenomas,tubulovillous/villous adenomas,and colorectal cancers,supporting the use of these alterations in assessment of colorectal tumorigenesis.

关键词： promoter methylation Microsatellite instability Human DNA mismatch repair gene mutator L homologue 1 O-6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A

particulate matter emissions and gaseous air toxic pollutants from commercial meat cooking operations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第3期30卷 162-170页

作者： Nicholas Gysel William A.Welch Chia-Li Chen poornima Dixit David R.Cocker Ⅲ georgios Karavalakis Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaRiverside Center for Environmental Research and Technology University of CaliforniaRiverside

This study assessed the effectiveness of three novel control technologies for particulate matter（pM） and volatile organic compound（VOC） removal from commercial meat cooking operations. All experiments were conducted using standardized procedures at University of California, Riverside＇s commercial test cooking facility. pM mass emissions collected using South Coast Air Quality Management District（SCAQMD） Method 5.1, as well as a dilution tunnel-based pM method showed statistically significantly reductions for each control technology when compared to baseline testing（i.e., without a catalyst）. Overall, particle number emissions decreased with the use of control technologies, with the exception of control technology 2（CT2）, which is a grease removal technology based on boundary layer momentum transfer（BLMT） theory. particle size distributions were unimodal with CT2 resulting in higher particle number populations at lower particle diameters. Organic carbon was the dominant pM component（ 99%） for all experiments. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the most abundant carbonyl compounds and showed reductions with the application of the control technologies. Some reductions in mono-aromatic VOCs were also observed with CT2 and the electrostatic precipitator（ESp） CT3 compared to the baseline testing.

关键词： Charbroiled meat cooking particulate emissions particle number Carbonyl compounds VOCs

Cellular and molecular mechanisms breaking immune tolerance in inborn errors of immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1122-1140页

作者： georgios Sogkas Faranaz Atschekzei Ignatius Ryan Adriawan Natalia Dubrowinskaja Torsten Witte Reinhold Ernst Schmidt Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany Hannover Medical School Cluster of Excellence RESIST(EXC 2155)HanoverGermany

In addition to susceptibility to infections,conventional primary immunodeficiency disorders(pIDs)and inborn errors of immunity(IEI)can cause immune dysregulation,manifesting as lymphoproliferative and/or autoimmune *** can be the prominent phenotype of pIDs and commonly includes cytopenias and rheumatological diseases,such as arthritis,systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),and Sjogren’s syndrome(SjS).Recent advances in understanding the genetic basis of systemic autoimmune diseases and pIDs suggest an at least partially shared genetic background and therefore common pathogenic ***,we explore the interconnected pathogenic pathways of autoimmunity and primary immunodeficiency,highlighting the mechanisms breaking the different layers of immune tolerance to self-antigens in selected IEI.

关键词： Inborn errors of immunity primary immunodeficiencies Autoimmunity Rheumatic diseases

Incidence trends and survival prediction of hepatoblastoma in children:a population-based study

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 564-572页

作者： Jincheng Feng georgios polychronidis Ulrike Heger Giovanni Frongia Arianeb Mehrabi Katrin Hoffmann Department of General Visceral and Transplant SurgeryUniversity of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 11069120 HeidelbergGermany Department of pediatric Surgery University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 11069120 HeidelbergGermany

Background:Hepatoblastoma is a rare disease that nevertheless accounts for the majority of liver malignancies in *** to limited epidemiological data,therapy for hepatoblastoma tends to be *** study aimed to evaluate incidence trends of hepatoblastoma and to develop a nomogram to predict the survival of children with newly diagnosed hepatoblastoma on a population-based ***:Individuals up to 18 years of age with hepatoblastoma recorded in 18 registries of the Surveillance,Epi-demiology,and End Results(SEER)database between 2004 and 2015 were *** regression analyses were applied to assess incidence trends in annual percentage change(ApC).Multivariable Cox regression was used to identify factors associated with overall survival(OS).A nomogram was constructed to predict OS in individual cases based on independent *** index(C-index)and calibration curves were used to evaluate predic-tive ***:Between 2004 and 2015,hepatoblastoma incidence increased significantly(ApC,2.2%;95%confidence interval[CI]0.5%to 3.8%,pparticular,this increase was observed among 2-to 4-year-old patients,males,and *** 5-and 10-year OS rates were 81.5%and 81.0%,*** of 2 to 4 years,Afri-can-American ethnicity,and no surgery were independent predictors for short *** disease at presentation was found not to be an independent factor of *** nomogram had a C-index of 0.79(95%CI 0.74-0.84)with appropriate calibration curve ***:We constructed a nomogram that integrates common factors associated with survival for hepatoblas-toma *** provides accurate prognostic prediction for children with hepatoblastoma.

关键词： Hepatoblastoma Liver surgery Liver transplantation pediatric surgery SEER Incidence Overall survival Nomogram

preliminary results of preserflo Microshunt versus preserflo Microshunt and Ologen implantation

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Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 324-337页

作者： Iraklis Vastardis Sofia Fili georgios perdikakis Kalliopi Kontopoulou Miltos Balidis Zisis Gatzioufas Markus Kohlhaas Department of Ophthalmology St.Johannes Academic Hospital DortmundDortmundGermany Ophthalmica Eye Institute ThessalonikiGreece Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland

purpose:To report preliminary 6-month results on the use of the preserflo Microshunt implant with and without Ologen in 50 pseudophakic eyes with moderate to advanced primary open-angle glaucoma(pOAG).Methods:Fifty pseudophakic eyes underwent ab externo preserflo Microshunt *** was gathered retrospectively and two groups were then created,group A with application of MMC 0.2 mg/ml and group B with MMC 0.2 mg/ml and Ologen collagen matrix(OCM)*** success was regarded as the percentage of eyes achieving:a)5≤intraocular pressure(IOp)≤13 mmHg,b)5≤IOp≤16 mmHg,and c)5≤IOp≤21 mmHg without additional medication or surgery and qualified success was regarded as the percentage of eyes achieving a)IOp≤13 mmHg,b)IOp≤16 mmHg,and c)IOp≤21 mmHg with or without *** was performed using a log-rank Kaplan-Meier test.A scatterplot analysis presented the treatment effect data of all eyes with a minimum of 20%IOp reduction per *** was defined as requiring additional surgery,IOp greater than 21 mmHg with or without medication and failure to reach 20%IOp ***:Mean postoperative IOp was significantly lower in both *** decreased by 49.06%in group A and by 53.01%in group B at 6 months(pps(Wilcoxon test,pps(all p>0.05).Cumulative IOp results per case were not statistically different in group A compared with group *** revision surgery in group A(4%failure rate)and three in group B(12%failure rate)were ***:Both groups showed equal results in terms of cumulative and mean IOp reduction,medication reduction as well as in absolute and qualified success *** significant difference was found in any parameters tested between preserflo Microshunt with MMC 0.2 mg/ml and with or without OCM implantation at 6 ***-term follow-up is required to fu

关键词： Micro invasive glaucoma surgery Ab externo surgery Refractory pOAG SIBS polymer Mitomycin C