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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 101-115页

作者： Yanan Wang Mengqi Qu Yuhai Bi william J.Liu Sufang Ma Bo Wan Yongfei Hu Baoli Zhu Gaiping Zhang george F.Gao International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology College of Veterinary MedicineHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China Longhu Laboratory Zhengzhou 450046China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Chicken is an important food animal worldwide and plays an important role in human life by providing meat and *** recent significant advances in gut microbiome studies,a comprehensive study of chicken gut bacterial,archaeal,and viral genomes remains *** this study,we constructed a chicken multi-kingdom microbiome catalog(CMKMC),including 18,201 bacterial,225 archaeal,and 33,411 viral genomes,and annotated over 6,076,006 protein-coding genes by integrating 135 chicken gut metagenomes and publicly available metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs)from ten *** found that 812 and 240 MAGs in our dataset were putative novel species and genera,respectively,far beyond what was previously *** newly unclassified MAGs were predominant in Phyla Firmicutes_A(n=263),followed by Firmicutes(n=126),Bacteroidota(n=121),and Proteobacteria(n=87).Most of the classified species-level viral oper-ational taxonomic units belong to ***,63.24%of chicken gut viromes are predicted to infect two or more hosts,including complete circular ***,we found that diverse auxiliary metabolic genes and antibiotic resistance genes were carried by ***,our CMKMC provides the largest integrated MAGs and viral genomes from the chicken gut to date,functional insights into the chicken gastrointestinal tract microbiota,and paves the way for microbial interventions for better chicken health and productivity.

关键词： Chicken Microbiome Metagenome assembled genomes Archaeome Virome Antibiotic resistance gene

william Morris,Establishing the Foundation for the Advancement of TCM in the US

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2024年第1期7卷 29-40页

作者： Ioannis Solos Charles Buck william Morris Saint george Clinic and Research Institute Scottsdale 85251the United States of America Northern College of Acupuncture Micklegate YO16LJthe United Kingdom AOMA Graduate School of Integrative Medicine Austin 78745the United States of America

The interview was conducted on March 2nd, 2023 by Ioannis Solos and Charles Buck. william Morris has sustained practice since 1980. He has served on the California, Texas and Massachusetts Professional Associations, as well as the National Association. He has tendered 20 years of service to the field through academic medicine, earning a master’s degree in medical education to assist in developing Chinese medical doctoral programs and institutional review boards. He earned an OM.D. in 1988, a DAOM in 2002, and a Ph.D. focused on pulse diagnosis as clinical epistemology in 2009. He has published five books, including TCM Case Studies Dermatology, Li Shi-zhen Pulse Studies: An Illustrated Guide, Neoclassical Pulse Diagnosis, Cycles in Medical Astrology, and Transformation: Treating Trauma with Acupuncture and Herbs.

关键词： Acupuncture sustained diagnosis

Molecular Docking Studies on Streptomycin Antileishmanial Activity

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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2024年第2期14卷 36-48页

作者： Todd A. Young Matthew george Jr. Ayele Gugssa william M. Southerland Yayin Fang Clarence M. Lee Department of Biology Howard University Washington DC United States Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Howard University Washington DC United States

Resistance to pentavalent antimonial drugs and the lack of vaccines make it urgent to find novel therapeutic options to treat Leishmaniasis, a tropical disease caused by the Leishmania protozoan parasite. The study reported here is to investigate if Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside, and Amphotericin B, the second-line treatment drug, exhibit antileishmanial activity through a similar mechanism. By using MOE (Molecular Operating Environment), we performed molecular docking studies on these drugs binding to a range of targets including ribosome targets in Leishmania and H. sapiens. Our study shows that the two drugs do not bind to the same pockets in Leishmania targets but to the same pockets in the human ribosome, with some differences in interactions. Moreover, our 2D maps indicated that Amphotericin B binds to the A-site in the human cytoplasmic ribosome, whereas streptomycin does not.

关键词： Leishmaniasis Streptomycin Amphotericin B Molecular Docking Aminoglycosides Antileishmanial

Evaluation of disinfection byproducts for their ability to affect mitochondrial function

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 295-304页

作者： george william Kajjumba Rachael E.Bokota Matias Attene-Ramos Erica J.Marti Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of NevadaLas VegasNVUSA Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Milken Institute School of Public HealthGeorge Washington UniversityWashington DCUSA

In the race to deliver clean water to communities through potable water reuse, disinfection and water quality assessment are and will continue to be fundamental factors. There are over 700 disinfection byproducts(DBPs) in water;evaluating each compound is practically impossible and very time consuming. A bioanalytical approach could be an answer to this challenge. In this work, the response of four major classes of DBPs toward mitochondrial membrane potential( Δψm) and cytoplasmic adenosine triphosphate(C-ATP) was investigated with human carcinoma(Hep G2) cells. Within 90 min of cell exposure, only the haloacetic acid(HAA) mixture caused a cytotoxic response as measured by C-ATP. All four groups(haloacetonitriles(HANs), trihalomethanes(THMs), nitrosamines(NOAs), and HAAs) responded well to Δψm, R 2 > 0.70. Based on the half-maximum concentration that evoked a 50% response in Δψm, the response gradient was HANs >> HAAs ~ THM > NOAs. The inhibition of the Δψm by HANs is driven by dibromoacetonitrile(DBAN), while dichloroacetonitrile(DCAN) did not cause a significant change in the Δψm at less than 2000 μM. A mixture of HANs exhibited an antagonistic behavior on the Δψm compared to individual compounds. If water samples are concentrated to increase HAN concentrations, especially DBAN, then Δψm could be used as a biomonitoring tool for DBP toxicity.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Toxicity Mitochondrial membrane potential Dose-response curve In vitro bioassay Emerging contaminants

Predicting the synthesizability of crystalline inorganic materials from the data of known material compositions

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 733-743页

作者： Evan R.Antoniuk Gowoon Cheon george Wang Daniel Bernstein william Cai Evan J.Reed Materials Science Division Physical and Life Sciences DirectorateLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA Department of Chemistry Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Google Research Mountain ViewCAUSA Department of Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Mathematics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Computer Science Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA

Reliably identifying synthesizable inorganic crystalline materials is an unsolved challenge required for realizing autonomous materials *** this work,we develop a deep learning synthesizability model(SynthNN)that leverages the entire space of synthesized inorganic chemical *** reformulating material discovery as a synthesizability classification task,SynthNN identifies synthesizable materials with 7×higher precision than with DFT-calculated formation *** a head-to-head material discovery comparison against 20 expert material scientists,SynthNN outperforms all experts,achieves 1.5×higher precision and completes the task five orders of magnitude faster than the best human ***,without any prior chemical knowledge,our experiments indicate that SynthNN learns the chemical principles of charge-balancing,chemical family relationships and ionicity,and utilizes these principles to generate synthesizability *** development of SynthNN will allow for synthesizability constraints to be seamlessly integrated into computational material screening workflows to increase their reliability for identifying synthetically accessible materials.

关键词： inorganic crystalline utilize

Powassan virus:A tick borne flavivirus infecting humans

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Biosafety and Health 2022年第1期4卷 30-37页

作者： Xu Yang george F.Gao william J.Liu CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs Department of Chemical BiologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing 102206China

Infection of humans by Powassan virus(POWV)occurs rarely but is potentially life‐*** isolated in Ontario,Canada in 1958,the presence of POWV has been confirmed in three countries:Canada,the USA,and *** a limited number of human cases has been reported thus far,the infection rate has shown signs of increasing during the 21^(st) ***,POWV and a genetically close variant,deer tick virus(DTV),are the only member of the tick‐borne flaviviruses known to be endemic in North America and maintain in respective tick‐host *** this review,we briefly summarize current knowledge involving the epidemiology and etiology,pathogenesis and immunity,molecular evolution,and protein functions of POWV,aiming to increase our understanding of the virus and unlock the potential to control this lethal *** data may also provide tools to minimize the future threat of other emerging and re‐emerging viruses.

关键词： Powassan virus(POWV) Deer tick virus(DTV) Tick‐borne flavivirus(TBFV) Tick Zoonotic disease Encephalitis

Origins of Hiv, HCoV-HKU1, SFTSV, and MERS-CoV and Beyond

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China CDC weekly 2022年第37期4卷 823-827页

作者： Wenli Liu Peipei Liu william J Liu Qihui Wang Yigang Tong george FGao Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Life Science and TechnologyBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Tales of tracing the origins of human immunodeficiency virus(Hiv),human coronavirus HKU1(HCoV-HKU1),severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)can enlighten the scientific search for the origins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Here,we detail key research studies on the origins of these four viruses.

关键词： respiratory acute SFTSV

Development of starch-based films reinforced with cellulosic nanocrystals and essential oil to extend the shelf life of red grapes

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 403-412页

作者： Sneh Punia Bangar william Scott Whiteside Fatih Ozogul Kyle D.Dunno george Armstrong Cavender Paul Dawson Department of Food Nutrition and Packaging SciencesClemson UniversitySC 29634USA Department of Seafood Processing Technology Faculty of FisheriesCukurova UniversityBalcaliAdana01330Turkey Department of Packaging Science Rochester Institute of TechnologyRochesterNYUSA

Packaging material has an important role in extending the shelf-life of *** study investigated the effectiveness of cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)derived from Kudzu(Pueraria montana)vine to reinforce to starch-based *** addition,the essential oil was incorporated into these nanocomposite films to evaluate further improvement in film properties and *** packaging materials,including the pearl millet starch(PMS),PMS reinforced with Kudzu CNCs,and PMS reinforced with Kudzu CNCs stabilized pickering emulsion containing clove bud oil(CBO),was used to develop biodegradable nanocomposite *** films were investigated for their thermal,morphological,mechanical,and barrier *** addition,the films were used as packaging material to improve the shelf life of the grapes for 15 days at 5℃.PMS films reinforced with Kudzu CNCs stabilized pickering emulsion of CBO were most effective in extending the shelf life of red grapes up to 15 days at 5℃ by maintaining the weight,firmness,and soluble solids in grapes for a longer duration during *** study suggests that PMS+Kudzu CNCs+EO films have the potential for commercial packaging of fruits during short storage periods without adversely affecting their quality and sensory attributes.

关键词： Packaging material Nanocomposites Cellulose nanocrystals Red grapes Shelf life

A COVID-19 T-Cell Response Detection Method Based on a Newly Identified Human CD8+T Cell Epitope from SARS-CoV-2—Hubei Province,China,2021

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China CDC weekly 2022年第5期4卷 83-87,I0005页

作者： Jie Zhang Dan Lu Min Li Maoshun Liu Sijia Yao Jianbo Zhan william J.Liu george F.Gao NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention WuhanHubeiChina

Introduction:Similar to antibody detection,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2(SARSCoV-2)-specific T-cell response evaluation is also pivotal among the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)convalescents and the vaccinated ***(N)protein is one of the main structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and can trigger T-cell responses in ***:An overlapping peptide pool covering the full length of the N protein was designed,peptides with positive T-cell activating potency in COVID-19 convalescents were screened,and CD8^(+)T cell epitopes were further *** epitope was used to detect the SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8^(+)T cell responses in COVID-19 convalescents based in intracellular cytokine staining and tetramer staining in flow ***:A human leukocyte antigen A(HLAA)*1101-restricted CD8^(+)T cell epitope,which could stimulate the production of IFN-γvia peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of the convalescents was defined,and the tetramer generated with this epitope could detect SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in the PBMCs of the *** structural investigation eliminated that the epitope was a typical HLA-A^(*)1101-restricted T-cell epitope which was conserved among all the ***:The newly identified SARS-CoV-2-derived T-cell epitope was helpful to detect the cellular immunity against different sarbecoviruses including SARS-CoV and *** study provided an evaluation method and also a peptide candidate for the research and development of T-cell based vaccine for the virus.

关键词： restricted immunity Human