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BME 2.0: Engineering the Future of Medicine

Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2023年第1期4卷 217-227页

作者： Michael I.Miller Andrew O.Brightman Frederick H.Epstein KJane Grande-Allen Jordan J.Green Eileen Haase Cato T.Laurencin Elizabeth Logsdon Feilim Mac Gabhann Brenda Ogle Chun Wang george r.wodicka raimond L.Winslow Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Biomedical Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA Department of Bioengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA Department of Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of ConnecticuttStorrsCTUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMNUSA

If the 20th century was the age of mapping and controlling the external world,the 21st century is the biomedical age of mapping and controlling the biological internal *** biomedical age is bringing new technological breakthroughs for sensing and controlling human biomolecules,cells,tissues,and organs,which underpin new frontiers in the biomedical discovery,data,biomanufacturing,and translational *** article reviews what we believe will be the next wave of biomedical engineering(BME)education in support of the biomedical age,what we have termed BME *** 2.0 was announced on October 122017 at BMES 49(https://***/news-events/news/miller-opens-2017-bmes-annual-meeting-with-vision-for-new-bme-era/).We present several principles upon which we believe the BME 2.0 curriculum should be constructed,and from these principles,we describe what view as the foundations that form the next generations of curricula in support of the BME *** core principles of BME 2.0 education are(a)educate students bilingually,from day 1,in the languages of modern molecular biology and the analytical modeling of complex biological systems;(b)prepare every student to be a biomedical data scientist;(c)build a unique BME community for discovery and innovation via a vertically integrated and convergent learning environment spanning the university and hospital systems;(d)champion an educational culture of inclusive excellence;and(e)codify in the curriculum ongoing discoveries at the frontiers of the discipline,thus ensuring BME 2.0 as a launchpad for training the future leaders of the biotechnology *** envision that the BME 2.0 education is the path for providing every student with the training to lead in this new era of engineering the future of medicine in the 21st century.

关键词： organs education frontier

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Erratum to “BME 2.0: Engineering the Future of Medicine”

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2023年第1期4卷 29-29页

作者： Michael I.Miller Andrew O.Brightman Frederick H.Epstein K.Jane Grande-Allen Jordan J.Green Eileen Haase Cato T.Laurencin Elizabeth Logsdon Feilim Mac Gabhann Brenda Ogle Chun Wang george r.wodicka raimond L.Winslow Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Biomedical Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA Department of Bioengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA Department of Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of ConnecticuttStorrsCTUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMNUSA

In the article“BME 2.0:Engineering the Future of Medicine”[1],the competing interests statement was inadvertently omitted by the publisher from the published version of the *** has now been corrected in the PDF and ... 详细信息

关键词： HTML BME text

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Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed rat sciatic nerves reestablishes axonal continuity and reorganizes sensory terminal fields in the spinal cord

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2095-2107页

作者： Emily A.Hibbard Liwen Zhou Cathy Z.Yang Karthik Venkudusamy Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez george D.Bittner Dale r.Sengelaub Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically *** used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic *** have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor ***,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target *** this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic *** adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of *** action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury *** success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days *** 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish ***-fusion repair reestablished axonal *** to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal ***,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repa

关键词： axotomy dorsal horn peripheral nerve injury plasticity polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve sensory terminals wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase

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Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed sciatic nerves accelerates recovery of nociceptive sensory perceptions in male and female rats of different strains

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2667-2681页

作者： Liwen Zhou Karthik Venkudusamy Emily A.Hibbard Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez Cathy Z.Yang Adelaide Leung Varun Gokhale Guhan Periyasamy Zeal Pathak Dale r.Sengelaub george D.Bittner Department of Neuroscience University of TexasAustinTXUSA Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Molecular Biosciences University of TexasAustinTXUSA

Successful polyethylene glycol fusion(PEG-fusion)of severed axons following peripheral nerve injuries for PEG-fused axons has been reported to:(1)rapidly restore electrophysiological continuity;(2)prevent distal Wallerian Degeneration and maintain their myelin sheaths;(3)promote primarily motor,voluntary behavioral recoveries as assessed by the Sciatic Functional Index;and,(4)rapidly produce correct and incorrect connections in many possible combinations that produce rapid and extensive recovery of functional peripheral nervous system/central nervous system connections and reflex(e.g.,toe twitch)or voluntary *** preceding companion paper describes sensory terminal field reo rganization following PEG-fusion repair of sciatic nerve transections or ablations;howeve r,sensory behavioral recovery has not been explicitly explored following PEG-fusion *** the current study,we confirmed the success of PEG-fusion surgeries according to criteria(1-3)above and more extensively investigated whether PEG-fusion enhanced mechanical nociceptive recovery following sciatic transection in male and female outbred Sprague-Dawley and inbred Lewis *** nociceptive responses were assessed by measuring withdrawal thresholds using von Frey filaments on the dorsal and midplantar regions of the *** von Frey filament tests were a more reliable method than plantar von Frey filament tests to assess mechanical nociceptive sensitivity following sciatic nerve *** withdrawal thresholds of the sciatic-mediated lateral dorsal region differed significantly across strain but not *** thresholds did not change significantly from baseline in chronic Unoperated and Sham-operated *** sciatic transection,all rats exhibited severe hyposensitivity to stimuli at the lateral dorsal region of the hindpaw ipsilateral to the ***,PEG-fused rats exhibited significantly earlier return to baseline withdrawal thresholds than Negative

关键词： autophagia axotomy collateral sprouting neuropathic pain peripheral nerve repair polyethylene glycol fusion(PEG-fusion) saphenous nerve sensory neurons sex and strain Wallerian degeneration

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Analysis of equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic parameters for biosorption of fluoride from water onto coconut(Cocos nucifera Linn.)root developed adsorbent

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第1期27卷 92-99页

作者： Aju Mathew george Ajay r.Tembhurkar Civil Engineering Department Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology

Drinking water with higher fluoride levels results in serious irremediable health problems that have attained a startle all over the *** focused towards deflouridation through the application of biosorbents prepared from various plants are finding greater scope and *** research is done on Cocos nucifera Linn.(coconut tree) one of the very commonly available plants throughout Kerala and around the *** adsorbent developed from the root portion of *** *** used in the present *** study revealed that the fluoride uptake capacity is quite significant and linearly increases with initial adsorbate *** adsorption data is analyzed for Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–radushkevich isotherm models at varying initial adsorbate concentrations(2–25 mg·L^(-1)).It is found that the adsorption of fluoride onto *** *** adsorbent follows Langmuir *** isotherm constants "a" and "b" obtained are 2.037 mg·g^(-1) and 0.823 L·mg^(-1) at an adsorbent dose of 8 g·L^(-1) and temperature(26 ± 1) ℃.The mean free sorption energy, E obtained, is 9.13 kJ ·mol^(-1) which points out that the adsorption of fluoride onto *** *** adsorbent is by chemisorption *** kinetic study also supports chemisorption with adsorption data fitting well with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model with an estimated rate constant K_2 of 0.2935 g·mg^(-1) min at an equilibrium contact time of 90 *** thermodynamic study indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature(ΔH =12.728 kJ·mol^(-1)) of fluoride adsorption onto the *** *** *** Electron Microscopy(SEM), BET, FTIr, and EDX methods were used to analyze the surface morphology of adsorbent before and after fluoride adsorption *** on deflouridation using *** *** adsorbent application on fluoride contaminated ground water samples from fields showed encouraging results.

关键词： Fluoride Biosorption Equilibrium Kinetics Thermodynamics Application

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MODELING EPHEMErAL GULLY ErOSION FOr CONSErVATION PLANNING

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International Journal of Sediment research 2005年第3期20卷 3-21页

作者： george r. FOSTEr Mississippi National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford research Hydraulic Engineer (retired) USA USDA-Agricultural research Service

This paper discusses the overland flow and concentrated flow systems that occur in most farm fields. Concentrated flow areas, which are distinct from overland flow areas, can be a major sediment source and are the main conduits that convey runoff and sediment from most farm fields. Ephemeral gully erosion, which occurs in concentrated flow areas, is similar to but differs from both rill and classical gully erosion. Concentrated flow areas occupy much of the flow path between the end of overland flow areas and defined stream channels. This paper describes the erosion and deposition processes that occur in concentrated flow areas and the effect of soil and cover management on these processes. Ephemeral gully erosion is not estimated with rill-interrill erosion prediction methods, which can result in major errors in estimates of sediment yield leaving farm fields. Much deposition can occur in concentrated flow areas resulting in sediment load leaving a farm field being much less than the sediment produced by rill-interrill and ephemeral gully erosion within the field. This paper describes model structure, topographic representation, and features of ephemeral gully erosion control practices needed in mathematical models used in conservation planning for farm fields.

关键词： Ephemeral gully erosion Concentrated flow area Overland flow area Mathematical model

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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.Smith Liwen Zhou Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushman george D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

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Friction surfacing of AISI 316 over mild steel: A characteriation study

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2018年第4期14卷 306-312页

作者： r.george Sahaya Nixon B.S.Mohanty r.Sathish Department of Mechanical Sathyabama University Department of Mechanical Engineering St.Joseph's College of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering SRM Easwari

An attempt has been made with overlaying of stain-less steel on mild steel by the technique of friction surfacing. This investigation elaborates the excellence acquired by different combination of the process parameters used in friction surfacing specifically traverse speed of the cross slide, speed of rotation of the spindle and the uniaxial compressive load. Excellent overlaying has been obtained amongst the chosen materials. To which, the coating can be done with various set of process parameters. It has been observed that the bond strength of the coating was found to be at a maximum of 502 MPa by ram tensile *** upon this results the surface methodology was characterized with scanning electron *** authenticating the results, the coated specimen was subjected to salt spray test. The bonding microstructure was characterized using optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Corrosion resistance of surfaced coatings was found to be more inferior to that of mechtrode material and greater with the substrate.

关键词： Friction surfacing rotational speed Traverse speed Axial load Salt spray test Microstructure XrD analysis ram tensile test

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Chondroitinase ABC combined with Schwann cell transplantation enhances restoration of neural connection and functional recovery following acute and chronic spinal cord injury

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1467-1482页

作者： Wenrui Qu Xiangbing Wu Wei Wu Ying Wang Yan Sun Lingxiao Deng Melissa Walker Chen Chen Heqiao Dai Qi Han Ying Ding Yongzhi Xia george Smith rui Li Nai-Kui Liu Xiao-Ming Xu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Hand Surgery the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Shriners Hospitals Pediatric research Center Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

Schwann cell transplantation is considered one of the most promising cell-based therapy to repair injured spinal cord due to its unique growth-promoting and myelin-forming properties.A the Food and Drug Administration-approved Phase I clinical trial has been conducted to evaluate the safety of transplanted human autologous Schwann cells to treat patients with spinal cord injury.A major challenge for Schwann cell transplantation is that grafted Schwann cells are confined within the lesion cavity,and they do not migrate into the host environment due to the inhibitory barrier formed by injury-induced glial scar,thus limiting axonal reentry into the host spinal *** we introduce a combinatorial strategy by suppressing the inhibitory extracellular environment with injection of lentivirus-mediated transfection of chondroitinase ABC gene at the rostral and caudal borders of the lesion site and simultaneously leveraging the repair capacity of transplanted Schwann cells in adult rats following a mid-thoracic contusive spinal cord *** report that when the glial scar was degraded by chondroitinase ABC at the rostral and caudal lesion borders,Schwann cells migrated for considerable distances in both rostral and caudal *** Schwann cell migration led to enhanced axonal regrowth,including the serotonergic and dopaminergic axons originating from supraspinal regions,and promoted recovery of locomotor and urinary bladder ***,the Schwann cell survival and axonal regrowth persisted up to 6 months after the injury,even when treatment was delayed for 3 months to mimic chronic spinal cord *** findings collectively show promising evidence for a combinatorial strategy with chondroitinase ABC and Schwann cells in promoting remodeling and recovery of function following spinal cord injury.

关键词： axonal regrowth bladder function chondroitinase ABC functional recovery glial scar lentivirus migration Schwann cell spinal cord injury transplantation

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Predicting individuals’vulnerability to social engineering in social networks

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Cybersecurity 2018年第1期1卷 710-728页

作者： Samar Muslah Albladi george r.S.Weir College of Computer Science and Engineering University of JeddahJeddahKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Information Sciences University of StrathclydeGlasgowUK

The popularity of social networking sites has attracted billions of users to engage and share their information on these *** vast amount of circulating data and information expose these networks to several security *** engineering is one of the most common types of threat that may face social network *** and increasing users’awareness of such threats is essential for maintaining continuous and safe use of social networking *** the most vulnerable users in order to target them for these training programs is desirable for increasing the effectiveness of such *** studies have investigated the effect of individuals’characteristics on predicting their vulnerability to social engineering in the context of social *** address this gap,the present study developed a novel model to predict user vulnerability based on several perspectives of user *** proposed model includes interactions between different social network-oriented factors such as level of involvement in the network,motivation to use the network,and competence in dealing with threats on the *** results of this research indicate that most of the considered user characteristics are factors that influence user vulnerability either directly or ***,the present study provides evidence that individuals’characteristics can identify vulnerable users so that these risks can be considered when designing training and awareness programs.

关键词： Deception Information security Phishing Social engineering Social network Vulnerability

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