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Case-control analysis of venous thromboembolism risk in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis diagnosed by transient elastography

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第34期11卷 8126-8138页

作者： mithil Gowda Suresh maya Gogtay Yuvaraj Singh Lekha Yadukumar Ajay Kumar mishra george m abraham Department of Internal medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Hematology and Oncology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MassachusettsWorcesterMA 01605United States Internal medicine The Wright Center for Graduate Medical EducationScrantonPA 18505United States Division of Cardiology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Internal medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide.Studies have shown a strong association between nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis.Specifically,there is paucity of data on the association of NASH and venous thromboembolism(VTE),with one such study predicting a 2.5-fold increased risk for VTE compared to other liver diseases in hospitalized patients.The mechanism is believed to be a hepatocellular injury,which causes a chronic inflammatory state leading to the unregulated activation of procoagulant factors.There has been no prior analysis of the degree of steatosis and fibrosis(measured using transient elastography,commonly known as FibroScan)in NASH and its association with VTE.AIm To examine the association between the degree of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis,quantified by transient elastography,and the incidence of VTE in patients with NASH.mETHODS In our case-control study,we included patients with a documented diagnosis of NASH.We excluded patients with inherited thrombophilia,hemoglobinopathy,malignancy,alcohol use disorder,autoimmune hepatitis,and primary biliary cirrhosis.The collected data included age,demographics,tobacco use,recreational drug use,medical history,and vibration controlled transient elastography scores.VTE-specific data included the location,type of anticoagulant,need for hospital stay,and history of VTE recurrence.Steatosis was categorized as S0-S1(mild)and S2-S3(moderate to severe)based on the controlled attenuation parameter score.Fibrosis was classified based on the kilopascal score and graded as F0-F1(metavir stage),F2,F3,and F4(cirrhosis).χ^(2) and mann-Whitney U tests were used for the qualitative and quantitative variable analyses,respectively.Furthermore,we performed a logistic regression using VTE as the dependent variable.RESULTS A total of 415 patients were analyzed,and 386 met the inclusion criteria.51 and 335 patients were included in the VTE and non-VTE groups,respectively.Patie

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Venous thromboembolism Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Diabetes mellitus Liver fibrosis Steatosis Deep vein thrombosis Anticoagulation management

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Use of inflammatory markers as predictor for mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 patients with stagesⅢb-Ⅴchronic kidney disease?

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World Journal of Virology 2023年第5期12卷 286-295页

作者： Harinivaas Shanmugavel Geetha Sushmita Prabhu Abinesh Sekar maya Gogtay Yuvaraj Singh Ajay K mishra george m abraham Suzanne martin Department of Internal medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Hospice and Palliative medicine University of Texas Health-San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78201United States Division of Cardiology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Nephrology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States

BACKGROUND Studies have shown elevated C-reactive protein(CRP)to predict mechanical ventilation(mV)in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Its utility is unknown in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD),who have elevated baseline CRP levels due to chronic inflammation and reduced renal clearance.AIm To assess whether an association exists between elevated inflammatory markers and mV rate in patients with stagesⅢb-ⅤCKD and COVID-19.mETHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study on patients with COVID-19 and stagesⅢb-ⅤCKD.The primary outcome was the rate of invasive mV,the rate of noninvasive mV,and the rate of no mV.Statistical analyses used unpaired t-test for continuous variables and chi-square analysis for categorical variables.Cutoffs for variables were CRP:100 mg/L,ferritin:530 ng/mL,D-dimer:0.5 mg/L,and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH):590 U/L.RESULTS 290 were screened,and 118 met the inclusion criteria.CRP,D-dimer,and ferritin were significantly different among the three groups.On univariate analysis for invasive mV(ImV),CRP had an odds ratio(OR)-5.44;ferritin,OR-2.8;LDH,OR-7.7;D-dimer,OR-3.9,(Pmission CRP level had an area under curve-receiver operator characteristic(AUROC):0.747 for the ImV group(sensitivity-80.8%,specificity-50%)and 0.663 for the non-ImV(NImV)group(area under the curve,sensitivity-69.2%,specificity-53%).CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate a positive correlation between CRP,ferritin,and D-dimer levels and mV and NImV rates in CKD patients.The AUROC demonstrates a good sensitivity for CRP levels in detecting the need for mV in patients with stagesⅢb-ⅤCKD.This may be because of the greater magnitude of increased inflammation due to COVID-19 itself compared with increased inflammation and reduced clearance due to CKD alone.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 Chronic kidney disease Inflammatory markers C-reactive protein Invasive mechanical ventilation Non-invasive mechanical ventilation

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Long COVID:From olfactory dysfunctions to viral Parkinsonism

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 137-147页

作者： Sanyukta Pandey Vibha Bapat Jancy Nixon abraham Nixon m.abraham Department of Biology Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behaviour(LNCB)Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER)PuneMaharashtraIndia Department of Life Sciences Centre of Excellence in EpigeneticsShiv Nadar Institution of EminenceGautam Buddha NagarUttar PradeshIndia

Neurological and psychiatric complications continue to be a public health concern in long coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).This varies from olfactory dysfunctions such as parosmia to cognitive and emotional challenges.Historically,the surge of neurological disorders followed the viral pandemics,for example,the emergence of Encephalitis Lethargica after the outbreak of Spanish Influenza.During and after COVID-19 infection,the problems associated with the sense of smell and the reports of affected olfactory and limbic brain areas are leading to a growing concern about the similarity with the symptoms and the pattern of degeneration observed at the onset of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.These reports reveal the essentiality of long-term studies of olfactory and cognitive functions in the post-COVID era and the experiments using animal models to dissect the neural basis of these complications.In this manuscript,we summarize the research reporting the potential correlation between neurological disorders and viral pandemic outbreaks with a historical perspective.Further,we discuss the studies providing evidence of neurodegeneration due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection by focusing on viral Parkinsonism.

关键词： long COVID neurodegeneration neurotropism olfactory dysfunctions viral parkinsonism

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Exploring the Reasons for Selfie-Taking and Selfie-Posting on Social media with Its Effect on Psychological and Social Lives:A Study among Indian Youths

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International Journal of mental Health Promotion 2024年第5期26卷 389-398页

作者： Divya P.Vijayan Tokani Ghuhato Eslavath Rajkumar Allen Joshua george Romate John John abraham Department of Psychology Central University of KarnatakaKalaburagi585367India Department of Liberal Arts Indian Institute of Technology BhilaiChhattisgarh491002India Liberal Arts&Sciences Indian Institute of Management RanchiJharkhand834001India Department of Family medicine/Geriatrics St.John’s National Academy of Health SciencesBangalore560034India

‘Selfie’taking was introduced to the common people by smartphones and has become a common practice across the globe in no time.With technological advancement and the popularity of smartphones,selfie-taking has grown rapidly within a short time.In light of the new trend set by the generation,this study aimed to explore reasons for selfie-taking and selfie-posting on social media and their effects on the social and psychological lives of young adults.A purposive sampling method was adopted to select 20 Indian citizens,between 18 and 24 years.The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis.Selfie-taking and posting on social media give positive feelings,and it acts as a mood modifier dependent mostly on the favourability and feedback about the post which in turn affects emotions and self-satisfaction.

关键词： Selfie social media social networking sites obsessive selfie-taking Indian youth

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Let’s Talk LGBTQIA+:Strategies and Activities for Teaching Diversity and Inclusion in the Foreign Language Classroom at the College Level

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Sino-US English Teaching 2024年第4期21卷 143-170页

作者： Joseph abraham Levi george Washington University WashingtonUSA University of MacaoMacaoChina

In this presentation,the author explores strategies and activities that create a welcoming and nurturing environment for LGBTQIA+foreign language students at the college level in the United States.Indeed,as it is commonly stated,there is a clear lack of visibility,acceptance/tolerance,and inclusion of LGBTQIA+voices(active and proactive)in foreign language teaching and learning(pedagogical material as well as in-class attitudes and delivery).The reasons for this deficiency are diverse since they cover not only outward discrimination against and/or indifference(passive-aggressive behavior)toward the LGBTQIA+community and its plight,but they also illustrate the sheer,physical inexistence of quality material that can be used to create,present,and foster a welcoming and all-encompassing classroom environment that addresses the diverse spectrum of the LGBTQIA+community while its members try to learn a foreign language and(positively)negotiate how to express their very identity in their new language of choice.moreover,the scant material that is available in the United States as well as in other Western countries where the LGBTQIA+community by and large is accepted-at least from the legal point of view-hardly represents and covers the subject matter in a satisfactory way.To address this gap,the author will provide some examples in European Portuguese(EP)and Italian(IT),followed by a courtesy translation in English,to illustrate some positive activities and strategies for including LGBTQIA+-related subject matter in the foreign language classroom at the college level.It is his desire that instructors of other foreign languages duplicate in their respective vernaculars the strategies and activities herein presented in order to create a welcoming and safe classroom environment that embraces the LGBTQIA+community as it goes through the enjoyable journey of learning a new language and culture.

关键词： diversity foreign language (trans-)gender inclusion LGBTQIA+community

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Retinal capillary plexus in Parkinson’s disease using optical coherence tomography angiography

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 131-136页

作者： Ioannis Giachos Spyridon Doumazos Anastasia Tsiogka Konstantina manoli george Tagaris Tryfon Rotsos Vassilios Kozobolis Ioannis Iliopoulos marilita moschos First Department of Ophthalmology National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical SchoolAthens 11527Greece Department of Neurology General Hospital of Athens“Georgios Gennimatas”Athens 11527Greece Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineSchool of Health SciencesUniversity of PatrasPatras 26504Greece Neurology Department Democritus University of ThraceAlexandroupolis 68100Greece

AIm:To evaluate the alterations of the retinal microvasculature and foveal avascular zone in patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD)using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCT-A).mETHODS:A retrospective study of PD patients examined in the Ophthalmology Department of the General Hospital of Athens,“Georgios Gennimatas”from march 2021 to march 2022 was conducted.Totally 44 patients with PD were included and 18 healthy controls were examined,hence a total of 124 eyes were enrolled in the study.The foveal and parafoveal superficial and deep capillary plexus vascular density(fSCP-VD,fDCP-VD,pSCP-VD,pDCP-CD)and foveal avascular zone(FAZ)were quantified with OCTA.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used to measure macular thickness.Our statistical analysis was conducted by using a mixed effect linear regression model.RESULTS:After adjustment for age and gender,the mean parafoveal superficial capillary plexus vascular density(pSCP-VD)and mean parafoveal deep capillary plexus vascular density(pDCP-VD)were significantly decreased in individuals with PD(Pmeter were significantly decreased(Pmm^(2)(95%CI-0.13,-0.07)and-0.49 mm^(2)(95%CI-0.66,-0.32)respectively.Circularity didn’t approach statistical significance.Central retinal thickness(CRT)was significantly decreased in individuals with PD(Pm(95%CI-30.2,-16)and temporal retinal thickness(TRT)was decreased(P=0.025)by-11μm(95%CI-22,-1.5)while nasal retinal thickness(NRT)only approached statistical significance(P=0.066).CONCLUSION:The mean pSCP-VD,pDCP-VD,CRT and TRT are significantly decreased and FAZ is altered in individuals with PD.These findings can be potentially used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and evaluation of early PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease optical coherence tomography angiography retinal vascular density foveal avascular zone

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Comparative Analysis of Equal and Unequal Grounding Grid Configurations by Compression Ratio and Least Square Curve Fitting Techniques

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Energy Engineering 2023年第3期120卷 597-616页

作者： m.Soni abraham george Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Bangalore560078India

The primary aim of the power system grounding is to safeguard the person and satisfying the performance of the power systemtomaintain reliable operation.With equal conductor spacing grounding grid design,the distribution of the current in the grid is not uniform.Hence,unequal grid conductor span in which grid conductors are concentrated more at the periphery is safer to practice than equal spacing.This paper presents the comparative analysis of two novel techniques that create unequal spacing among the grid conductors:the least-square curve fitting technique and the compression ratio techniquewith equal grid configuration for both square and rectangular grids.Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)is adopted for finding out one optimal feasible solution among many feasible solutions of equal grid configuration for both square and rectangular grids.Comparative analysis is also carried out between square and rectangular grids using the least square curve fitting technique as it results in only one unequal grid configuration.Simulation results are obtained by themATLAB software developed.Percentage of improvement in ground potential rise,step voltage,touch voltage,and grid resistancewith variation in compression ratios are plotted.

关键词： Ground grid design ground potential rise grid resistance compression ratio least square curve fitting touch voltage step voltage PSO

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Thermochemical co-conversion of biomass-plastic waste to biochar:a review

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期5卷 31-49页

作者： Adewale george Adeniyi Kingsley O.Iwuozor Ebuka Chizitere Emenike Oluwaseun J.Ajala Samuel Ogunniyi Kabir B.muritala Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of IlorinIlorinP.M.B.1515Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Landmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara StateP.M.B.1001Nigeria Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaP.M.B.5025Nigeria Department of Chemistry Federal University of TechnologyBosso CampusMinnaNiger StateP.M.B.65Nigeria

Biomass and plastics are two of the most common municipal solid wastes globally that have continuously placed a burden on the environment.It is therefore important that they are properly recycled.Thermochemical coconversion offers a valuable opportunity to recycle biomass and plastics simultaneously into biochar,which reduces the time and cost of recycling them individually while producing a material with a wide range of applications.This study is a review of published literature that discusses the thermochemical co-processing of biomass and plastic wastes into biochar.It was observed that co-pyrolysis and co-hydrothermal carbonization are the most commonly utilized technologies for this process.The characteristics of different biomass and plastics that have been thermochemically converted into biochar were compared.The properties of the resulting biochar are affected by the feedstock composition,pre-treatment and blending ratio,the reactor’s configuration,reaction temperature,and the presence of a catalyst.most studies found that treating the feedstocks separately resulted in a lower yield of biochar than processing them together.The biochar created by this procedure has been used as a soil additive and as an adsorbent for water treatment.Future perspectives and suggestions,such as the necessity for some technical advancement,biochar’s economic benefits,improved government participation,and raised social awareness,were also made.These factors have the potential to propel this field of study to great horizons.

关键词： Biomass Co-pyrolysis Plastic Thermochemical process Valorization

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DNA Barcoding of Insects and Its Direct Application for Plant Protection

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 676-686页

作者： Peter Quandahor Iddrisu Yahaya Francis Kusi Issah Sugri Julius Yirzagla Abdul Karim Alhassan Jerry A. Nboyine george Y. mahama Godwin Opoku mohammed mujitaba Dawuda Asieku Yahaya Theophilus Kwabla Tengey Rofela Combey John abraham CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute Tamale Ghana Faculty of Agriculture Food and Consumer Science University for Development Studies Tamale Ghan Department of Conservational Biology and Entomology School of Biological Sciences University of Cape Coast Ghana

The introduction of invasive insect pests across national borders has become a major concern in crop production. Accordingly, national plant protection organizations are challenge to reinforce their monitoring strategies, which are hampered by the weight and size of inspection equipment, as well as the taxonomic extensiveness of interrupted species. moreover, some insect pests that impede farmer productivity and profitability are difficult for researchers to address on time due to a lack of appropriate plant protection measures. Farmers’ reliance on synthetic pesticides and biocontrol agents has resulted in major economic and environmental ramifications. DNA barcoding is a novel technology that has the potential to improve Integrated Pest management decision-making, which is dependent on the ability to correctly identify pest and beneficial organisms. This is due to some natural traits such as phenology or pesticide susceptibility browbeaten by IPm strategies to avert pest establishment. Specifically, Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence information was applied effectively for the identification of some micro-organisms. This technology, DNA barcoding, allows for the identification of insect species by using short, standardized gene sequences. DNA barcoding is basically based on repeatable and accessible technique that allows for the mechanisation or automation of species discrimination. This technique bridges the taxonomic bio-security gap and meets the International Plant Protection Convention diagnostic standards for insect identification. This review therefore discusses DNA barcoding as a technique for insect pests’ identification and its potential application for crop protection.

关键词： DNA Barcoding Integrated Pest management Taxonomy Biosecurity Crop Protection

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Durable and enhanced immunity against SARS-CoV-2 elicited by manganese nanoadjuvant formulated subunit vaccine

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 47-50页

作者： mengyu Guo mingjing Cao Jiufeng Sun Ziwei Chen Xin Wang Lianpan Dai george F.Gao Yuliang Zhao Yaling Wang Chunying Chen CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety&CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of ChinaBeijingChina Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhouChina CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyBeijingChina

Dear editor,Vaccines are the most efficient and effective means to prevent infectious diseases,but improving the long-term protective efficacy is still a major challenge in contemporary vaccine development.1 The waning immunity varies depending on the diversification of the pathogen and the number of booster doses.1 Strategies to overcome this warrant is using adjuvants that amplify the immune response,and drive the production of memory B and T cells or long-lived plasma cells that recognize the pathogen for durable protection.2–4 Although existing adjuvants have achieved promising results,research on generating durable protective immunity is lacking in promoting vaccine development and staying ahead of global pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The precisely designed nanoadjuvants can enhance lymph node targeting and increase antigenpresenting cell(APCs)uptake,achieving the co-delivery of adjuvants and antigens and activating innate and adaptive immune responses.5 Previously,we reported a manganese nanoadjuvant(mnARK)and receptor-binding domain(RBD)monomer antigen formulated nanovaccine.6 mnARK transported antigens to lymph nodes,activated the STING pathway,elicited strong neutralizing abilities and increased immune memory T cell percentage against the infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).6 Regarding the long-term protection potential of mnARK for subunit vaccine development,we further explored the durable immune regulation abilities of mnARK to a SARS-CoV-2 RBD dimer antigen,which has been used in an approved COVID-19 subunit vaccine ZF2001 with aluminum adjuvant(alum).7,8 TEm result revealed that RBD dimer could interact with BSA on mnARK surface and epitope can be well preserved(Supplementary Fig.1a).The size and zeta potential of mnARK-RBD dimer nanovaccine was~58 nm and-14 mV,respectively(Supplementary Fig.1b,c).

关键词： manganese immunity protective

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