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Impact of Korean Ginseng （Panax Ginseng） on Power Generation of Microbial Fuel Cells

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2015年第7期9卷 448-453页

作者： Wonjae kim Peter Lee Thomas W. kim george kim Jonathan Sukhee Chung Jihwan Alex. Joo Sung-Jae Chung Fuzbien Technology Institute MD 20850 United States Collegiate School NY 10024 United States_ Department of Chemistry University of lllinois-Urbana Champaign IL 61801 United States Centreville High School VA 20124 United States Seoul International School Seoul 13113 South Korea School of Arts and Sciences Marymount University Arlington 22207 United States STEM Research Institute VA 22031 United States

This study reports an increase in power generation of a MFC (microbial fuel cell) by the addition of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng). It was noted that the use of ginseng enhances the microbial anaerobic degradation of cellobiose, a disaccharide that was used as a substrate in the anode chamber of the MFC. The power output of the MFC where ginseng was added showed noticeable enhancement compared to the control MFC. The increase slowly ramped at the initial days and became appreciably higher after the 11th day of incubation in an experiment set up for 16 days duration. It is attributed that the ginseng increases the CO2 production by accelerating the fermentation process. Decrease in CH4/CO2 ratio was observed also due to decrease in methane production per digested cellobiose, the proton donor in the current study. Four ring steroid-like structural moiety Ginsenoside of Panax ginseng seemed to play a beneficial role in the electron transfer from cellobiose to the anode, perhaps by rendering easier electron transfer due to favorable energy level alignments.

关键词：微生物燃料电池燃料电池发电人参皂苷西洋参纤维二糖电子转移 MFC 厌氧降解

Nanozyme‑Engineered Hydrogels for Anti‑Inflammation and Skin Regeneration

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 127-179页

作者： Amal george Kurian Rajendra K.Singh Varsha Sagar Jung‑Hwan Lee Hae‑Won kim Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science&BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science School of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman‑Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Cell and Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system.Conventional therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse effects.Recently,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these challenges.NZ-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of hydrogels.The multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and differentiation.This review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration applications.It also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their effectiveness.Additionally,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are addressed.The insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.

关键词： Nanozymes Hydrogels ROS scavenging Anti-inflammation Skin regeneration

Improving Oxygen Binding of Desiccated Human Red Blood Cells

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2016年第2期7卷 47-54页

作者： Steingrimur Stefansson David S. Chung Jamie Yoon Won Seok Yoo Young Wook Park george kim David Hahn Huyen Le Sung-Jae Chung Stephen P. Bruttig David H. Ho HeMemics Biotechnologies Inc. Rockville MD USA Division of Biology & Medicine Brown University Providence RI USA Earl Warren College UC San Diego CA USA Department of Chemistry Michigan University Ann Arbor MI USA Seoul International School Seongnam South Korea Fuzbien Technology Institute Rockville MD USA Nauah Solutions Mclean VA USA Marymount University School of Arts & Science Arlington VA USA

Desiccating human red blood cells (RBCs) to increase their storage life has been the subject of intense research for a number of years. However, drying RBCs invariably compromises their integrity and has detrimental effects on hemoglobin function due to autoxidation. We have previously demonstrated an RBC desiccation and rehydration process that preserves RBC antigenic epitopes better than frozen RBCs. This study expands on those observations by examining what effects this desiccation process has on RBC hemoglobin function with respect to oxygen binding properties. In this paper, we examined RBCs from normal donors which were desiccated to 25% moisture content and stored dry for 2 weeks at room temperature prior to rehydration with plasma followed by structural and functional studies. Our data showed that approximately 98% of the RBCs were intact upon rehydration based on hemolysis assays. Oxygen dissociation curves for the desiccated/rehydrated RBCs showed a left shift compared to fresh RBCs (pO2 = 17 mmHg vs. 26 mmHg, respectively). The desiccated/rehydrated RBCs also showed an increase in methemoglobin compared to fresh RBCs (4.5% vs 0.9%, respectively). 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate concentration of the desiccated/rehydrated RBCs was reduced by 20%. In conclusion, although this RBC dehydration process preserves RBC integrity and hemoglobin oxygen binding properties better than most other dehydration techniques described so far, further optimization and long-term studies are needed to make this procedure acceptable for human transfusion.

关键词： Desiccation Red Blood Cells Oxygen Binding Hemolysis Methemoglobin 2 3-Diphosphoglycerate

On-chip physiological mimicry of neurovascular unit: challenges and perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 499-500页

作者： Song Ih Ahn YongTae kim School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea george W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Neurological disorders including neurodegenerative diseases,brain tumors,and stroke are the second leading cause of death and the greatest cause of disability worldwide.However,it remains challenging to achieve effective drug delivery to the central nervous system for treatments of neurological diseases due to the blood-brain barrier(BBB).The function of the BBB is regulated by the physiological interactions between various types of cells in the neurovascular unit(NVU).In the NVU,the brain vasculature of the BBB is surrounded by brain pericytes,brain astrocytes,neurons,and microglia(Figure 1).Moreover,the NVU at the levels of arteries and veins includes contractile smooth muscle cells(Schaeffer and Iadecola,2021).

关键词： diseases death arteries

Prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function among Asian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 241-248页

作者： Chao Sun george Boon-Bee Goh Wan-Cheng Chow Wah-Kheong Chan Grace Lai-Hung Wong Wai-Kay Seto Yi-Hsiang Huang Han-Chieh Lin I-Cheng Lee Hye Won Lee Seung Up kim Vincent Wai-Sun Wong Jian-Gao Fan Center for Fatty Liver Disease Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai 200092China Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Faculty of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic disorders.However,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function in patients with NAFLD remain unclear.The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal impairment in NAFLD patients.Methods:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD and transient elastography examination from eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective study.Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores.Impaired renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)with value of<90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) and<60 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),respectively,as estimated by the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)equation.Results:Among 529 included NAFLD patients,the prevalence rates of impaired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,respectively.In multivariate analysis,a moderate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(P<0.05).Furthermore,increased fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with impaired renal function after controlling for the other components of metabolic syndrome(P<0.05).Compared with patients with normoglycemia,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 mmol/L or hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were more likely to have impaired renal function(P<0.05).Conclusions:Agile 3+and Agile 4 are reliable for identifying NAFLD patients with high risk of CKD.Early glycemic control in the prediabetic stage might have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Impaired renal function Agile 3+ Agile 4 Metabolic syndrome

Advances in Wireless,Batteryless,Implantable Electronics for Real‑Time,Continuous Physiological Monitoring

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 254-302页

作者： Hyeonseok kim Bruno Rigo Gabriella Wong Yoon Jae Lee Woon‑Hong Yeo IEN Center for Wearable Intelligent Systems and Healthcare Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA george W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Tech and Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30332USA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Institute for MaterialsInstitute for Robotics and Intelligent MachinesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

This review summarizes recent progress in developing wireless,batteryless,fully implantable biomedical devices for real-time continuous physiological signal monitoring,focusing on advancing human health care.Design considerations,such as biological constraints,energy sourcing,and wireless communication,are discussed in achieving the desired performance of the devices and enhanced interface with human tissues.In addition,we review the recent achievements in materials used for developing implantable systems,emphasizing their importance in achieving multi-functionalities,biocompatibility,and hemocompatibility.The wireless,batteryless devices offer minimally invasive device insertion to the body,enabling portable health monitoring and advanced disease diagnosis.Lastly,we summarize the most recent practical applications of advanced implantable devices for human health care,highlighting their potential for immediate commercialization and clinical uses.

关键词： Implantable electronics Biomedical systems Batteryless devices Wireless electronics Physiological signal monitoring

Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin Yoo Kyun Kyu kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung Hwan Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Department of Mechanical Engineering Ajou University george W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

Update on Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction: A Review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第3期10卷 515-521页

作者： Jaimy Villavicencio kim george Y.Wu Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA

Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction(SOD)encompasses a spectrum of clinical syndromes that are not fully understood,and various diagnostic and therapeutic methods have had varying results depending on the type of dysfunction.This review explored various mechanisms that might play a role in SOD and methods of diagnosis and management.It is important to rule out other causes of abdominal pain with laboratory testing,imaging studies,and endoscopic procedures.Medications that affect sphincter motility should be identified as well.Manometry is the gold standard for diagnosis but it is not always required.For example,patients with type I SOD may have symptomatic improvement with sphincterotomy without need for a diagnostic manometry.Hepatobiliary scintigraphy and fatty meal sonography may also have diagnostic utility.Sphincterotomy is not always effective for symptomatic improvement in type II and III SOD.Alternate therapies with calcium channel blockers and botulinum toxin have been studied and might be considered as options after discussing the risks and benefits with the patients.

关键词： Sphincter of Oddi Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Common bile duct Manometry Sphincterotomy

Multifunctional GelMA platforms with nanomaterials for advanced tissue therapeutics

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第2期7卷 267-295页

作者： Amal george Kurian Rajendra KSingh Kapil DPatel Jung-Hwan Lee Hae-Won kim Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science&BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering UCL Eastman Dental InstituteLondonWC1X8LDUK Department of Biomaterials Science School of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Cell&Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine College of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea

Polymeric hydrogels are fascinating platforms as 3D scaffolds for tissue repair and delivery systems of therapeutic molecules and cells.Among others,methacrylated gelatin(GelMA)has become a representative hydrogel formulation,finding various biomedical applications.Recent efforts on GelMA-based hydrogels have been devoted to combining them with bioactive and functional nanomaterials,aiming to provide enhanced physicochemical and biological properties to GelMA.The benefits of this approach are multiple:i)reinforcing mechanical properties,ii)modulating viscoelastic property to allow 3D printability of bio-inks,iii)rendering electrical/magnetic property to produce electro-/magneto-active hydrogels for the repair of specific tissues(e.g.,muscle,nerve),iv)providing stimuli-responsiveness to actively deliver therapeutic molecules,and v)endowing therapeutic capacity in tissue repair process(e.g.,antioxidant effects).The nanomaterial-combined GelMA systems have shown significantly enhanced and extraordinary behaviors in various tissues(bone,skin,cardiac,and nerve)that are rarely observable with GelMA.Here we systematically review these recent efforts in nanomaterials-combined GelMA hydrogels that are considered as next-generation multifunctional platforms for tissue therapeutics.The approaches used in GelMA can also apply to other existing polymeric hydrogel systems.

关键词： GelMA hydrogel Nanomaterials Multifunctional Therapeutics Tissue repair