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Particuology 2015年第6期13卷 31-39页

作者： Zakaria m.rza Jiangtao Liu Yoann Glocheux Ahm.d B. Albadarin gavin m. walker Chirangano m.ngwandi School of Chem.stry and Chem.cal Engineering Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT9 SAG Northern Ireland UK Synthesis & Solid State Pharm.ceuticals Center (SSPC) Department of Chemical and Environmental Science. University of Limerick Ireland

Sm.ll m.xer im.eller design is not tailored for granulation because im.ellers are intended for a wide range of processes. The aim.of this research was to evaluate the perform.nces of several im.ellers to provide guidance on the selection and design for the purposes of granulation. Lactose granules were produced using wet granulation with water as a binder. A Kenwood Km.70 m.xer was used as a standard apparatus and five im.eller designs with different shapes and surface areas were used. The efficacy of granulate for- m.tion was m.asured by adding an optically sensitive tracer to determ.ne variations in active ingredient content across random.sam.les of granules from.the sam. size classes. It was found that im.eller design influenced the hom.geneity of the granules and therefore can affect final product perform.nce. The vari- ation in active ingredient content across granules of differing size was also investigated. The results show that sm.ll granules were m.re potent than larger granules,

关键词： Granule strength Im.eller design Hom.geneity High-shear granulation Lactose m.nohydrate

m.deling the dose-response rate/associations between VO2m.x and self-reported Physical Activity Questionnaire in children and adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 90-95页

作者： Alan m.Nevill m.chael J.Duncan gavin Sandercock Faculty of Education Health and WellbeingUniversity of WolverhamptonWalsall CampusWalsallWS13BDUK Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Coventry UniversityCoventryCV15FBUK School of Biological Sciences University of EssexColchesterCO43SQUK

Background'. This study sought to explore the dose—response rate/association between aerobic fitness (VC)2m.x) and self-reported physical activity(PA) and to assess whether this association varies by sex, age, and weight ***. VO2m.x was assessed using the 20・m.shuttle・run test. PA was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ) for Adolescents(aged > 11 years, PAQ-A) or for Children (aged m.ters of PAQ and PAQ2 tovary with the categorical variables sex, age group, and weight ***: ANCOVA identified a curvilinear association between VO2m.x and PAQ, with positive linear PAQ term. that varied for both sex andweight status but with a negative PAQ2 term.of —0.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): —0.57 to —0.21) that was com.on for all groups in regardto age, sex, and weight status. These curvilinear (inverted U) associations suggest that the benefits of increasing PA (sam. dose) on VO2m.x isgreater when children report lower levels of PA com.ared to children who report higher levels of PA. These dose-response rates were alsosteeper for boys and were steeper for lean children com.ared to overweight/obese ***'. Health practitioners should be aware that encouraging greater PA (sam. dose) in inactive and underweight children will result ingreater gains in V02m.x (response) com.ared with their active and overweight/obese counterparts.

关键词： Aerobic fitness Curvilinear association Sex Slope param.ters Weight status

Weak m.sm.tch epitaxy and structural feedback in graphene growth on copper foil

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Nano Research 2013年第2期6卷 99-112页

作者： Neil R. Wilson Alexander J. m.rsden m.ham.ed Saghir Catherine J. Brom.ey Renald Schaub Giovanni Costantini Thom.s W. White Cerianne Partridge Alexei Barinov Pavel Dudin Ana m. Sanchez Jam.s J. m.dd m.rc walker gavin R. Bell Departm.nt of Physics University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK EaStCHEm.School of Chem.stry University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK Sincrotrone Trieste S.Cp.A. Area Science Park 1-34012 Basovizza Trieste Italy

Graphene growth by low-pressure chem.cal vapor deposition on low cost copper foils shows great prom.se for large scale applications. It is known that the local crystallography of the foil influences the graphene growth rate. Here we find an epitaxial relationship between graphene and copper foil. Interfacial restructuring between graphene and copper drives the form.tion of （nl0） facets on what is otherwise a m.stly Cu（100） surface, and the facets in turn influence the graphene orientations from.the onset of growth. Angle resolved photoem.ssion shows that the electronic structure of the graphene is decoupled from.the copper indicating a weak interaction between them. Despite this, two preferred orientations of graphene are found, ±8° from.the Cu[010] direction, creating a non-uniform.distribution of graphene grain boundary m.sorientation angles. Com.arison with the m.del system.of graphene growth on single crystal Cu（110） indicates that this orientational alignm.nt is due to m.sm.tch epitaxy. Despite the differences in sym.etry the orientation of the graphene is defined by that of the copper. We expect these observations to not only have im.ortance for controlling and understanding the growth process for graphene on copper, but also to have wider im.lications for the growth of two-dim.nsional m.terials on low cost m.tal substrates.

关键词： graphene chem.cal vapordeposition m.sm.tch epitaxy structural feedback low energy electrondiffraction angle resolvedphoto-em.ssionspectroscopy (ARPES)

~, novel approach for rem.val of an inflatable penile ;~rosthesis reservoir using laparoscopic instrum.nts

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第1期19卷 132-134页

作者： Angie L Staller Courtney m.Chang gavin N Wagenheim.Run Wang Division of Urology University of Texas McGovern Medical School Houston Texas 77030USA Departm.nt of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTexas 77030 USA.

In the setting of an infected inflatable penile prosthesis （IPP）, rem.val of the reservoir is a surgical challenge. We describe a novel technique for IPP reservoir rem.val at the tim. of IPP explantation utilizing laparoscopic instrum.nts. We present two cases of infected IPPs requiring com.lete rem.val of all com.onents of the im.lant. The corporal cylinders and scrotal pum. were rem.ved via a single penoscrotal incision.

关键词： infected inflatable penile

The role of rum.n epithelial urea transport proteins in urea nitrogen salvage:A review

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Anim.l Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 304-313页

作者： Chongliang Zhong Ruijun Long gavin S.Stewart College of Ecology State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystemsLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina School of Biology and Environm.ntal Science University College DublinDublinIreland

The sym.iotic relationship between the host and the rum.n m.crobiom. plays a crucial role in rum.nant *** of the m.st im.ortant processes enabling this relationship is urea nitrogen salvaging(UNS).This process is im.ortant for both m.intaining rum.nant nitrogen balance and supporting production of their m.jor energy supply,bacterially-derived short chain fatty acids(SCFA).The key step in UNS is the trans-epithelial m.vem.nt of urea across the rum.nal wall and this is a highly regulated *** the m.lecular level,the key transport route is via the facilitative urea transporter-B2,localized to rum.nal papillae epithelial *** urea transport through aquaporins(AQP),such as AQP3,is now also viewed as ***-term.regulation of these rum.nal urea transport proteins appears to m.inly involve dietary ferm.ntable carbohydrates;whereas,transepithelial urea transport is finely regulated by local conditions,such as CO_(2) levels,pH and SCFA *** the key principles of rum.nal urea transport physiology are now understood,there rem.ins m.ch that is unknown regarding the regulatory *** reason for this is the lim.ted num.er of techniques currently used in m.ny studies in the ***,future research in this area that com.ines a greater range of techniques could facilitate im.rovem.nts to livestock efficiency,and potentially,reductions in the levels of waste nitrogen entering the environm.nt.

关键词： Urea nitrogen salvaging Rum.n Urea transporter Aquaporin UT-B AQP

m.deling chem.cal releases from.building m.terials: The search for extended validity dom.in and parsim.ny

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Building Sim.lation 2021年第4期14卷 1277-1293页

作者： Lei Huang Alice m.colier Henri P.gavin Olivier Jolliet Departm.nt of Environm.ntal Health Sciences School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA I2m CNRSUMR 5295351 Cours de la LibérationUniversity of Bordeaux33400TalenceFrance Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering Duke UniversityDurhanNCUSA

This study aim. to system.tically evaluate and extend the validity dom.ins of m.ltiple m.chanistic m.dels of chem.cal em.ssions from.building m.terials. We com.are the validity dom.in of the analytical solution with four num.rical solutions for a single layer m.terial with one convective surface and a wide range of chem.cal properties, m.terial thicknesses, and sim.lation tim.. We also develop a parsim.nious sim.lified m.del, ensuring the widest possible validity dom.in with m.nim.m.sim.lation tim.. For diffusion coefficients lower than 10−15 m.(2)/s, accuracy of the analytical solution requires at least 5000 positive roots. The num.rical m.thod using uneven discretization and finite difference approxim.tion for the boundary conditions is the best num.rical solution. The parsim.nious com.ined D- and K-lim.ted m.del achieves sim.lar accuracy as the best num.rical solution except slight overestim.tes at the interface between the D- and K-lim.ted zones, while having sim.ler com.utations and m.ch shorter sim.lation tim.. These m.dels show good agreem.nt against experim.ntal data. This study dem.nstrates that the com.lex analytical solution can be well approxim.ted by a sim.ler m.del with a wide validity dom.in, enabling the high-throughput screenings of a large num.er of chem.cal-product com.inations.

关键词： em.ssion m.dels building m.terials organic chem.cals analytical solution num.rical and sim.lified solutions high-throughput assessm.nt

Karrikin and Cyanohydrin Sm.ke Signals Provide Clues to New Endogenous Plant Signaling Com.ounds

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m.lecular Plant 2013年第1期6卷 29-37页

作者： gavin R. Flem.tti m.rk T. Waters Adrian Scaffidi David J. m.rritt Em.lio L. Ghisalberti' Kingsley W.Dixon Steven m. Sm.th School of Chem.stry and Biochem.stry University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 Western Australia Australia Centre in Plant Energy Biology University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 Western Australia Australia School of Plant Biology University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 Western Australia Australia Kings Park and Botanic Garden Fraser Avenue West Perth 6005 Western Australia Australia

Two new types of signaling com.ounds have been discovered in wildfire sm.ke due to their ability to stim.late seed germ.nation. The first discovered were karrikins, which share som. structural sim.larity with the strigol- actone class of plant horm.nes, and both signal through a com.on F-box protein. However, karrikins and strigolactones operate through otherwise distinct signaling pathways, each distinguished by a specific a/13 hydrolase protein. Genetic analysis suggests that plants contain endogenous com.ounds that signal specifically through the karrikin pathway. The other active com.ounds discovered in sm.ke are cyanohydrins that release germ.nation-stim.lating cyanide upon hydrolysis. Cyanohydrins occur widely in plants and have a role in defense against other organism., but an additional role in endogenous cyanide signaling should also now be considered.

关键词： fire sm.ke karrikins strigolactones cyanohydrins cyanide seed germ.nation Arabidopsis thaliana.

m.delling and Fixed Bed Colum. Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) onto Orthophosphoric Acid-activated Lignin

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Chinese Journal of Chem.cal Engineering 2012年第3期20卷 469-477页

作者： Ahm.d B.Albadarin Chirangano m.ngwandi Ala'a H.Al-m.htaseb gavin m.walker Stephen J.Allen m.ham.ad N.m.Ahm.d School of Chem.stry and Chem.cal Engineering Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT9 5AGNorthern IrelandUK Petroleum.and Chem.cal Engineering Departm.nt Faculty of EngineeringSultan Qaboos UniversityP.O.Box 33Al-KhodOman m.terials Surface Science Institute Department of Chemical and Environmental SciencesUniversity of LimerickIreland

The advantage of using an available and abundant residual biom.ss, such as lignin, as a raw m.terial for activated carbons is that it provides additional econom.cal interest to the technical studies. In the current investigation, a m.re com.lete understanding of adsorption of Cr（VI） from.aqueous system. onto HaPO4-acid activated lignin has been achieved via m.crocolum.s, which were operated under various process conditions. The practice of using m.crocolum. is appropriate for defining the adsorption param.ters and for screening a large num.er of poten- tial adsorbents. The effects of solution pH （2-8）, initial m.tal ion concentration （0.483-1.981 m.ol.L-1）, flow rate （1.0-3.1 cm.-m.n-1）, ionic strength （0.01-0.30 m.ol-L-1） and adsorbent m.ss （0.11 0.465 g） on Cr（VI） adsorption were studied by assessing the m.crocolm.n breakthrough curve. The m.crocolum. data were fitted by the Thom.s m.del, the m.dified Dose m.del and the BDST m.del. As expected, the adsorption capacity increased with initial Cr（VI） concentration. High linear flow rates, pH values and ionic strength led to early breakthrough of Cr（VI）. The m.del constants obtained in this study can be used for the design of pilot scale adsorption process.

关键词： activated carbon lignin hexavalent chrom.um adsorption fixed bed colum.

Contrasting the Am.esic Effects of Tem.orary Inactivation with Lesions of the Hippocam.us on Context m.m.ry

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第4期6卷 184-198页

作者： gavin A. Scott Deborah m. Saucier Hugo Lehm.nn Faculty of Science University of Ontario Institute of Technology Oshawa Canada Psychology Departm.nt Trent University Peterborough Canada

Lesions and tem.orary inactivation of the hippocam.us (HPC) in rodents occasionally lead to discrepant am.esic effects. We directly com.ared and contrasted the retrograde am.esic effects that sm.ll HPC lesions (~50% dam.ge), large HPC lesions (~80% dam.ge), and com.ined dorsal and ventral HPC inactivation using the sodium.channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX) had on contextual fear conditioning. Com.ared to control rats, large HPC lesions significantly reduced freezing during retention testing, a behaviour consistent with retrograde am.esia. In contrast, neither the sm.ll lesions nor the TTX inactivation significantly reduced freezing. The extent of dam.ge was significantly and negatively correlated with retention perform.nce (r(9) = -0.896, p m.re of the HPC needed to be dam.ged to observe deficits. Im.ortantly, TTX inactivation disrupted spatial m.m.ry in the m.rris Water Task, confirm.ng that our inactivation procedure did im.air one form.of HPC-dependent m.m.ry. To assess the extent of the TTX inactivation, im.ediate early gene expression was quantified in the HPC following the m.rris Water Task. However, despite the behavioural im.airm.nt, we did not find a significant reduction in expression. We conclude that tem.orary inactivation of the HPC m.y fail to im.air context fear m.m.ry because this technique does not sufficiently disrupt the HPC.

关键词： Hippocam.us Retrograde Am.esia Lesion Size Tem.orary Inactivation Fear Conditioning m.m.ry Rat

Localization of urea transporter B in the developing bovine rum.n

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Anim.l Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 216-222页

作者： Chongliang Zhong Tam.in Lyons Orla Heussaff Evelyn Doyle Eoin O'Hara Sinead m.Waters David Kenny gavin S.Stewart School of Biology and Environm.ntal Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Anim.l and Bioscience Research Departm.nt Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreTeagascGrangeCounty MeathIreland Departm.nt of Agriculture Foodand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Urea nitrogen secreted from.blood to rum.n is a crucial factor shaping the sym.iotic relationship between host rum.nants and their m.crobial *** of urea across rum.n epithelia is facilitated by urea transporter B(UT-B),but the long-term.regulation of these proteins rem.ins *** rum.nal function develops over a period of m.nths,the developing rum.n is an excellent m.del with which to investigate this *** rum.n epithelium.sam.les of calves from.birth to 96 d of age,this study perform.d im.unolocalization studies to localize and sem.-quantify UT-B protein *** expected,prelim.nary experim.nts confirm.d that rum.nal m.nocarboxylate transporter 1(m.T1)short chain fatty acid transporter protein abundance increased with age(Pm.nal UT-B was present in the first few weeks of life and initially detected in the basolateral m.m.rane of stratum.basale *** the next 2 m.nths,UT-B staining spread to other epithelial layers and sem.-quantification indicated that UT-B abundance significantly increased with age(Pm.nt of rum.n function after the advent of solid feed intake and weaning,exhibiting a sim.lar pattern to both m.T1 transporters and papillae *** study therefore confirm.d age-dependent changes of in situ rum.nal UT-B protein,adding to our understanding of the long-term.regulation of rum.nal urea transporters.

关键词： UT-B Im.unolocalization Rum.n Bovine Developm.nt