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multi-national observational study to assess quality of life and treatment preferences in patients with Crohn’s perianal fistulas

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第11期15卷 2537-2552页

作者： Chitra Karki Amod Athavale Vijay Abilash gary Hantsbarger Parnia Geransar Kate Lee Slobodan milicevic marko Perovic Leanne Raven magdalena Sajak-Szczerba Abigail Silber Annabelle Yoon Phil Tozer Global Evidence and Outcomes-Gastroenterology Takeda Pharmaceuticals United StatesIncCambridgeMA 02139United States Trinity Partners LLCWalthamMA 02451-7528United States Observational Research Takeda Pharmaceuticals United StatesIncCambridgeMA 02139United States medical Affairs Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co.Opfikon 8152ZurichSwitzerland Research and Patient Programs Crohn’s and Colitis Canada600-60 St.Clair Avenue EastToronto M4T 1N5OntarioCanada Treasurer European Federation of Crohn’s&Ulcerative Colitis AssociationsBrussels B 1000Belgium Crohn’s and Colitis Australia Camberwell SouthVIC 3124Australia European Federation of Crohn’s&Ulcerative Colitis Associations Brussels B 1000Belgium Japan medical Office Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedTokyo 103-8668Japan Department of Colorectal Surgery St Mark’s Hospital and Academic InstituteLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)are at risk of developing complications such as perianal *** with Crohn’s perianal fistulas(CPF)are affected by fecal incontinence(FI),bleeding,pain,swelling,and purulent perianal discharge,and mETHODS This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in patients with CD aged 21-90 years via a web-enabled questionnaire in seven countries(April-August 2021).Patients were recruited into three cohorts:Cohort 1 included patients without perianal fistulas;cohort 2 included patients with perianal fistulas without fistula-related surgery;and cohort 3 included patients with perianal fistulas and fistula-related *** patient-reported outcome measures were used to assess quality of *** of treatment preferences were measured using a discrete choice experiment(DCE).RESULTS In total,929 patients were recruited(cohort 1,n=620;cohort 2,n=174;cohort 3,n=135).Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire scores were worse for patients with CPF(cohorts 2 and 3)than for those with CD without CPF(cohort 1):mean score 3.8 and 3.7 vs 4.1,respectively,(Pmilarly,mean Revised FI and FI Quality of Life scores were worse for patients with CPF than for those with CD without *** of Life with Anal Fistula scores were similar in patients with CPF with or without CPF-related surgery(cohorts 2 and 3):mean score 41 and 42,*** the DCE,postoperative discomfort and fistula healing rate were the most important treatment attributes influencing treatment choice:mean relative importance 35.7 and 24.7,*** The burden of illness in CD is significantly higher for patients with CPF and patients rate lower postoperative discomfort and higher healing rates as the most desirable treatment attributes.

关键词： Burden of illness Crohn’s disease Discrete choice experiment Perianal fistulas Patient-reported outcomes Treatment preferences

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Apatite U–Pb dating and geochemistry of the Kyrgyz South Tian Shan(Central Asia): Establishing an apatite fingerprint for provenance studies

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2003-2015页

作者： Stijn Glorie Samantha march Angus Nixon Fun meeuws gary J.O’Sullivan David m.Chew Christopher L.Kirkland Dmitry Konopelko Johan De Grave Department of Earth Sciences School of Physical SciencesThe University of AdelaideSA5005Australia UCD School of Earth Sciences University College DublinDublinIreland Department of Geology Trinity College DublinCollege GreenDublinIreland School of Earth and Planetary Sciences Curtin UniversityPerth6845Australia Saint Petersburg State University 7/9 University EmbankmentSPb-199034Russia Novosibirsk State University 1 Pirogova St.Novosibirsk630090Russia Laboratory for mineralogy and Petrology Department of GeologyGhent University281-S8 KrijgslaanGhent9000Belgium

This paper presents an apatite U-Pb and geochemistry archive for exposed plutons and metamorphic rocks of the Kyrgyz South Tian Shan(STS)within the Central Asian Orogenic *** U-Pb dates and trace-element geochemistry are provided for 17 samples from late Carboniferous-early Permian I-type granites in the Terktinsky complex and A-type granites in the Kokshaal Range;early Devonian granites in the Kembel complex;Cryogenian granitoids and tuffs from the middle Tian Shan and gneisses from the Atbashi metamorphic *** samples form a comprehensive selection of igneous and metamorphic rocks within the cores of mesozoic basement highs that supplied detritus to adjacent basins such as the Tarim,Ferghana and Yarkand-Ferghana ***,the granitoid samples preserve primary igneous apatite U-Pb ages that are within uncertainty of previously published zircon U-Pb *** apatites from the Atbashi metamorphic complex record anomalous Ordovician dates with large uncertainties that are interpreted as mixing ages between Cryogenian protolith formation and Carboniferous *** component analysis discriminates apatite samples from the different bedrock terranes in the Kyrgyz STS based on their geochemical fingerprint and categorizes the samples with respect to an extensive apatite geochemical *** combined apatite-zircon archive provides a novel framework for provenance studies on the meso-Cenozoic sedimentary history of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.

关键词： Apatite provenance Central Asian Orogenic Belt Tian Shan Tarim Basin Ferghana Basin

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A review of potential conservation and fisheries benefits of breaching four dams in the Lower Snake River(Washington,USA)

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第2期1卷 10-22页

作者： Adam J.Storch Howard A.Schaller Charles E.Petrosky Robert L.Vadas Jr. Benjamin J.Clemens gary Sprague Norman mercado-Silva Brett Roper michael J.Parsley Edward Bowles Robert m.Hughes Jay A.Hesse Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Ocean Salmon and Columbia River Program17330 Southeast Evelyn StreetClackamasOR 97015USA U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service 911 Northeast 11th AvenuePortlandOR 97232USA Idaho Department of Fish and Game 600 South Walnut StreetBoiseID 83707USA Unaffiliated OlympiaWAUSA Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Corvallis Research Lab28655 Hwy 34CorvallisOR 97333USA National marine Fisheries Service 650 Capitol MallSacramentoCA 95814USA Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Autonoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaC.P.62209CuernavacaMorelosMexico National Stream and Aquatic Ecology Center U.S.Forest Service860 North 1200 EastLoganUT 84321USA Independent Fisheries Consultant 191 Sooter RoadUnderwoodWA 98651USA Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife 4034 Fairview Industrial Drive SoutheastSalemOR 97302USA Amnis Opes Institute 2895 Southeast Glenn StreetCorvallisOR 97333USA Department of Fisheries Wildlife&Conservation Sciences104 Nash HallCorvallisOR 97331USA Nez Perce Tribe Department of Fisheries Resources management 120 Beaver GradeLapwaiID 83540USA

Abundances of important and imperiled fishes of the Snake River Basin continue to *** assessed the rationale for breaching the four lower Snake River Basin dams to prevent complete loss of these fishes,and to maximize their likelihood of *** summarize the science surrounding Sockeye Salmon(Oncorhynchus nerka),Chinook Salmon(***),steelhead(***),Bull Trout(Salvelinus confluentus),White Sturgeon(Acipenser transmontanus),and Pacific Lamprey(Entosphenus tridentatus).From this,we drew ten conclusions:(1)development of the Columbia River System(including the Snake River Basin)has converted mainstem rivers into reservoirs,altering fish behavior and survival;(2)most populations currently record their lowest abundance;(3)the Columbia River System dams reduce productivity of diadromous fishes in the highest-quality spawning grounds that could buffer against future climate dynamics;(4)past actions have done little to reduce impacts or precipitate recovery;(5)the Columbia River System constrains survival and productivity of salmon,steelhead and Bull Trout;(6)Snake River Basin salmon and steelhead remain at high extinction risk;(7)eliminating migration impediments and improving mainstem habitats are essential for maintaining genetic diversity and improving Bull Trout persistence;(8)the lower Snake River Basin dams preclude passage of adult White Sturgeon,constraining gene flow and recruitment;(9)the lower Snake River Basin dams impede dramatically passage of adult and juvenile Pacific Lamprey,and(10)Snake River Basin Pacific Lamprey is at high risk of *** the four lower Snake River Basin dams is an action likely to prevent extirpation and extinction of these *** from the Columbia River System can inform conservation in other impounded rivers.

关键词： Bull trout Impoundment Pacific lamprey Salmon Steelhead White sturgeon

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Predicting malicious behavior 1

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2012年

作者： Jackson gary m.

ISBN: (数字)9781118166130

ISBN: (纸本)9781118166130

Foreword xxvii Introduction xxix Part I Understanding the Dark Side: malicious Intent 1 Chapter 1 Analyzing the malicious Individual 3 Chapter 2 Analyzing the malicious Group 35 Chapter 3 Analyzing Country-Level Threats 63 Chapter 4 Threats and Security Nightmares: Our Current Reactive State of Security 91 Chapter 5 Current Network Security 113 Chapter 6 Future Threats to Our National Security 137

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Integrating climate, biodiversity, and sustainable land-use strategies:innovations from China

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 13-17页

作者： Guido Schmidt-Traub Harvey Locke Jixi Gao Zhiyun Ouyang Justin Adams Lin Li Enric Sala m.Rebecca shaw Sebastian Troёng Jing Xu Chunquan Zhu Changxin Zou Tianxiao ma Fuwen Wei Sustainable Development Solutions Network Beyond the Aichi Targets Task Force IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative Center for Satellite Applications on Ecology and Environment Ministry of Ecology and Environment Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Tropical Forest Alliance World Economic Forum Worldwide Fund for Nature National Geographic Society Conservation International Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Nature Initiatives and Tropical Forest Alliance World Economic Forum Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

To reverse the accelerating degradation of biodiversity and ecosystem services(‘nature’) and climate [1,2], the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) will hold major meetings in 2021. We argue that, as a critical priority, countries need to design and implement integrated national strategies to achieve the goals of the three Rio Conventions (including the UN Convention to Combat Desertification—UNCCD) using spatially explicit analyses and policies. This integration can maximize co-benefits and help manage trade-offs to meet the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). Nature-based solutions (NBS)provide an important framework for such integration.

关键词： ECOSYSTEm SERVICES

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Chemical vapor deposition growth of monolayer moSe2 nanosheets

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Nano Research 2014年第4期7卷 511-517页

作者： Jonathan C. shaw Hailong Zhou Yu Chen Nathan O. Weiss Yuan Liu Yu Huang Xiangfeng Duan Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Department of materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

The synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with controllable thickness is of considerable interest for diverse applications. Here we report the first chemical vapor deposition growth of single- and few-layer moSe2 nanosheets. By using Se and moO3 as the chemical vapor supply, we demonstrate that highly crystalline moSe2 can be directly grown on the 300 nm SiO2/Si substrates to form optically distinguishable single- and multi-layer nanosheets, typically in triangular shaped domains with edge lengths around 30 μm, which can merge into continuous thin films upon further growth. micro-Raman spectroscopy and imaging was used to probe the thickness-dependent vibrational properties. Photoluminescence spectroscopy demonstrates that moSe2 monolayers exhibit strong near band edge emission at 1.55 eV, while bilayers or multi-layers exhibit much weaker emission, indicating of the transition to a direct band gap semiconductor as the thickness is reduced to a monolayer.

关键词：化学气相沉积直接生长单层薄片光致发光光谱 Si衬底振动特性喇曼光谱

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Trends of Extreme Precipitation in Eastern China and Their Possible Causes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第8期32卷 1027-1037页

作者： LIU Run LIU shaw Chen Ralph J.CICERONE SHIU Chein-Jung LI Jun WANG Jingli ZHANG Yuanhang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Research Center for Environmental Changes Academia Sinica Department of Atmospheric Science NCU National Academy of Sciences Earth System Science University of California Institute of Urban meteorology of China meteorological Administration

Significant increases of heavy precipitation and decreases of light precipitation have been reported over widespread regions of the globe. Global warming and effects of anthropogenic aerosols have both been proposed as possible causes of these changes. We examine data from urban and rural meteorological stations in eastern China （1955-2011） and compare them with Global Precipitation Climatology Project （GPCP） data （1979-2007） and reanalysis data in various latitude zones to study changes in precipitation extremes. Significant decreases in light precipitation and increases in heavy precipitation are found at both rural and urban stations, as well as low latitudes over the ocean, while total precipitation shows little change. Characteristics of these changes and changes in the equatorial zone and other latitudes suggest that global warming rather than aerosol effects is the primary cause of the changes. In eastern China, increases of annual total dry days （28 days） and ） 10 consecutive dry days （36%） are due to the decrease in light precipitation days, thereby establishing a causal link among global warming, changes in precipitation extremes, and higher meteorological risk of floods and droughts. Further, results derived from the GPCP data and reanalysis data suggest that the causal link exists over widespread regions of the globe.

关键词： extreme precipitation global warming aerosols meteorological risk of floods and droughts

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A NEW GENERATION OF INSTRUmENTATION AND CAPABILITIES FOR ATOmIC mASS SPECTROmETRY

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光谱学与光谱分析 1999年第4期 76-78页

作者： gary m.HIEFTJE Steven J.RAY John P.GUZOWSKI Andrew m.LEACH Nicolas H.BINGS José m.COSTA-FERNANDEZ Department of Chemistry Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIndiana47405USA

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Ａｔｏｍｉｃｍａｓｓｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｍｅｔｒｙ，ｅｍｂｏｄｉｅｄｕｓｕａｌｙａｓｉｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｅｌｙｃｏｕｐｌｅｄｐｌａｓｍａｍａｓｓｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｍｅｔｒｙ（ＩＣＰＭＳ）ｏｒｇｌｏｗΑｄｉｓｃｈａｒｇｅｍａｓｓｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｍｅｔｒｙ（ＧＤＭＳ），...

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Accuracy and safety of partial thickness femtosecond laser radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions in porcine eyes

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Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 412-421页

作者： E.Valas Teuma Frank A.Bucci Jr Raman Bedi gary Gray mark Packer LENSAR Inc.OrlandoFLUSA Bucci Laser Vision Institute Wilkes-BarreWilkes‑BarrePAUSA IrisARC ChandigarhIndia Packer Research Associates Inc.1400 Bluebell Ave.BoulderCO 80302USA

Background:To evaluate the accuracy and safety of micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions constructed by a femtosecond laser system with a curved contact patient interface in porcine ***:Partial thickness micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions were constructed in porcine eyes with a femtosecond laser system and evaluated for precision of depth,quality,and *** coherence tomography was used to determine the accuracy and precision of incision *** endothelial safety was assessed by a fluorescent live/dead cell viability assay to demonstrate laser-induced endothelial cell *** was evaluated by ease of opening and examination of ***:In two micro radial incision groups,intended incision depths of 50%and 80%resulted in mean achieved depths of 50.01%and 77.69%,*** three arcuate incision groups,intended incision depths of 80%,600μm or 100μm residual uncut bed thickness resulted in mean achieved depths of 80.16%,603.03μm and residual bed of 115μm,*** loss of endothelial cell density occurred when the residual corneal bed was maintained at a minimum of 85-116μ*** incisions were easy to open,and interfaces were ***:A femtosecond laser system with curved contact interface created precise and reproducible micro radial and arcuate keratotomy *** and precision of the incision depth and preservation of endothelial cell density demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of the system.

关键词： Partial thickness micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions Curved contact patient interface micro radial keratotomy Arcuate keratotomy Femtosecond laser system with curved contact interface LENSAR femtosecond laser system

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An exploratory analysis of benthic macroinvertebrates as indicators of the ecological status of the Upper Yellow and Yangtze Rivers

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2013年第5期23卷 871-882页

作者： PAN Baozhu WANG Zhaoyin LI Zhiwei YU Guo-an XU mengzhen ZHAO Na gary BRIERLEY Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan 430010 China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China School of Environment University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand

This study presents findings of the first systematic analysis of aquatic biotic assemblages in the source region of the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers. It provides an initial basis with which to select representative organisms as indicators to assess the aquatic ecological status of rivers in this region. macroinvertebrates are considered to be good indicators of long-term environmental changes due to their restricted range and persistence over time. Field investigations of macroinvertebrates were conducted in August 2009 in the source region of the Yellow River, and in July 2010 in the source region of the Yangtze River. Altogether 68 taxa of macroinvertebrates belonging to 29 families and 59 genera were identified. Among them were 8 annelids, 5 mollusks, 54 arthropods and 1 other animal. In the source region of the Yellow River, taxa number, density and biomass of macroinvertebrates were 50, 329 individuals m2 and 0.3966 g dry weight m2, respectively. Equivalent figures for the source region of the Yangtze River were 29, 59 individuals m2 and 0.0307 g dry weight m-2. The lower benthic animal resources in the source region of the Yangtze River are ascribed to higher altitude, higher sediment concentration and wetland degradation. Preliminary findings of this exploratory study indicate that hydroelectric power stations had a weak impact on benthic dwellers but wetland degradation caused by a series of human activities had a catastrophic impact on survival of macroinvertebrates. Ecological protection measures such as conservative grazing and vegetation management are required to minimize grassland degradation and desertification, and reduce soil erosion rate and river sediment discharge.

关键词： macroinvertebrate biodiversity standing crops functional feeding group Yellow River source zone Yangtze River source zone

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