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声电化学法在炭织物表面制备的磷酸钙涂层及其对成骨细胞活性的影响(英文)

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新型炭材料 2007年第2期22卷 121-125页

作者：韩红梅 Sergey V.Mikhalovsky gary j.phillips Andrew W.Lloyd 布赖顿大学生物分子科学与药学院

为了研究炭纤维增强羟基磷灰石(HA)复合材料对骨修复的影响,采用声电化学沉积法在炭纤维织物表面直接制备磷酸钙涂层。电解液为含钙、磷离子的溶液,初始pH值4.7,沉积温度50℃。借助红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜及能谱分析对涂层的结构、形... 详细信息

为了研究炭纤维增强羟基磷灰石(HA)复合材料对骨修复的影响,采用声电化学沉积法在炭纤维织物表面直接制备磷酸钙涂层。电解液为含钙、磷离子的溶液,初始pH值4.7,沉积温度50℃。借助红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜及能谱分析对涂层的结构、形貌、组分就行了研究,并选择人类成骨细胞(MG63)检测了材料的体外细胞相容性。结果表明,超声波的迭加使用改变了磷酸钙沉积层的组分和形貌,与传统的电化学工艺相比更具优势。MTS检测证明,用声电法沉积的磷酸盐涂层更大幅度地提高了成骨细胞的附着和增殖。

关键词：炭纤维磷酸钙生物体外测试细胞活性扫描电镜

Substrate topography as a powerful tool to modify glial cell biology and interactions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1390-1391页

作者： Pascal Achenbach Haktan Altinova gary A.Brook Institute of Neuropathology RWTH Aachen University Hospital Department of Neurosurgery RWTH Aachen University Hospital Aachen Germany Berlin State Office for Health and Social Affairs(LAGeSo) BerlinGermany

Traumatic injuries to the central nervous system(CNS) result in disruption of the intricate network of axons which connect functionally related neurons that are widely distributed throughout the brain and spinal *** normal conditions,maintenance of this complex system is structurally and functionally supported by astrocytes (ACs)and other glial cells,the processes of which form a framework surrounding neuronal cell bodies,dendrites,axons,and synapses.

关键词： injuries topography system

Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph David Gimbel jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

Endogenous testosterone and mortality risk

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Asian journal of Andrology 2018年第2期20卷 115-119页

作者： Emily j Meye gary Wittert Endocrine Diabetes and Metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital Port Road SA 5000 Australia Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5000 Australia Discipline of Medicine and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health University of Adelaide SA 5000 Australia

In men, obesity and metabolic complications are associated with lower serum testosterone （T） and dihydrotestosterone （DHT） and an increased risk of, and mortality from, multiple chronic diseases in addition to cardiovascular disease （CVD）. The causal interrelationships between these factors remain a matter of debate. In men with untreated congenital and lifelong forms of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, there appears to be no increased risk. Men with Klinefelter＇s syndrome have an increased risk of various types of cancers, as well as CVD, which persist despite T therapy. In the absence of pathology of the hypothalamic-pituitary- gonadal axis, the effect of modest reductions in serum T in aging men is unclear. The prevalence of low serum T concentrations is high in men with cancer, renal disease, and respiratory disease and is likely to be an indicator of severity of systemic disease, not hypogonadism. Some population-based studies have found low serum T to be associated with a higher risk of deaths attributed to cancer, renal disease, and respiratory disease, while others have not. Although a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies has shown an association between low serum T and all-cause mortality, marked heterogeneity between studies limited a firm conclusion. Therefore, while a decrease in T particularly occurring later in life may be associated with an increase in all-cause and specific types of mortality in men, the differential effects, if any, of T and other sex steroids as compared to health and lifestyle factors are unknown at the current time.

关键词： hypogonadism mortality testosterone

Analysis of Longitudinal Profiles along the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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journal of Mountain Science 2013年第4期10卷 643-657页

作者： Simon j. Aiken gary j. Brierley School of Environment the University of AucklandAuckland 1010 New Zealand

Resulting from the collision of the Eurasian and Indian plates, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is commonly known as the ＇roof of the world＇. Collectively the Yarlung Tsangpo, Nu, Laneang, Yangtze, Yalong, and Yellow River basins drain the eastern margin of the plateau. In this paper, we utilize Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation data to examine morphometric and relief attributes of these basins to reveal insights rates of incision. A robust into tectonic activity and technique using Maflab is proposed to alleviate errors associated with SRTM data in the derivation of river longitudinal profiles. Convex longitudinal profiles are interpreted to be a product of uplift rates that exceed rates of channel incision along the entire margin of the Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau. Highest relief towards the south reflects extensive fluvial incision. High relief is also prominent along major active faults. Erosion patterns are related to distance from knickpoints. Highest rates of erosion and incision are evident towards the south, with decreasing values towards the north, suggesting a link between tectonic activity and erosion.

关键词： Longitudinal profile Erosion Relief Tectonics Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Laser-induced microjet-assisted ablation for high-quality microfabrication

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International journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2022年第3期4卷 122-130页

作者： Yang Guo Pei Qiu Shaolin Xu gary j Cheng School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906United States of America

Liquid-assisted laser ablation has the advantage of relieving thermal effects of common laser ablation processes, whereas the light scattering and shielding effects by laser-induced cavitation bubbles, suspended debris, and turbulent liquid flow generally deteriorate laser beam transmission stability, leading to low energy efficiency and poor surface quality. Here, we report that a continuous and directional high-speed microjet will form in the laser ablation zone if laser-induced primary cavitation bubbles asymmetrically collapse sequentially near the air-liquid interface under a critical thin liquid layer. The laser-induced microjet can instantaneously and directionally remove secondary bubbles and ablation debris around the laser ablation region, and thus a very stable material removal process can be obtained. The shadowgraphs of high-speed camera reveal that the average speed of laser-induced continuous microjet can be as high as 1.1 m sin its initial 500 μm displacement. The coupling effect of laser ablation, mechanical impact along with the collapse of cavitation bubbles and flushing of high-speed microjet helps achieve a high material removal rate and significantly improved surface quality. We name this uncovered liquid-assisted laser ablation process as laser-induced microjet-assisted ablation(LIMjAA) based on its unique characteristics. High-quality microgrooves with a large depth-to-width ratio of 5.2 are obtained by LIMjAA with a single-pass laser scanning process in our experiments. LIMjAA is capable of machining various types of difficult-to-process materials with high-quality arrays of micro-channels, square and circle microscale through-holes. The results and disclosed mechanisms in our work provide a deep understanding of the role of laser-induced microjet in improving the processing quality of liquid-assisted laser micromachining.

关键词： liquid-assisted laser ablation laser-induced microjet cavitation bubbles laser microfabrication

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 58-67页

作者： gary E.PICKARD Patricia j.SOLLARS School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Nebraska

A new mammalian photoreceptor was recently discovered to reside in the ganglion cell layer of the inner *** intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells(ipRGCs) express a photopigment,melanopsin,that confers upon them the ability to respond to light in the absence of all rod and cone photoreceptor *** relatively few in number,ipRGCs extend their dendrites across large expanses of the retina making them ideally suited to function as irradiance detectors to assess changes in ambient light *** in ipRGCs appears to be mediated by transient receptor potential channels more closely resembling the phototransduction cascade of invertebrate rather than vertebrate *** convey irradiance information centrally via the optic nerve to influence several *** are the primary retinal input to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN),a circadian oscillator and biological clock,and this input entrains the SCN to the day/night *** contribute irradiance signals that regulate pupil size and they also provide signals that interface with the autonomic nervous system to regulate rhythmic gene activity in major organs of the *** also provide excitatory drive to dopaminergic amacrine cells in the retina,providing a novel basis for the restructuring of retinal circuits by *** we review the ground-breaking discoveries,current progress and directions for future investigation.

关键词： melanopsin circadian rhythms suprachiasmatic nucleus retina pupillary light reflex

Nitric oxide: promoter or suppressor of programmed cell death?

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Protein & Cell 2010年第2期1卷 133-142页

作者： Yiqin Wang Chen Chen gary j.Loake Chengcai Chu National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Centre for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083China Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghKing’s BuildingsEdinburgh EH93JRUnited Kingdom

Nitric oxide(NO)is a short-lived gaseous free radical that predominantly functions as a messenger and effector *** affects a variety of physiological processes,including programmed cell death(PCD)through cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)-dependent and-independent *** this field,dominant discoveries are the diverse apoptosis networks in mammalian cells,which involve signals primarily via death receptors(extrinsic pathway)or the mitochondria(intrinsic pathway)that recruit caspases as effector *** plants,PCD shares some similarities with animal cells,but NO is involved in PCD induction via interacting with pathways of *** has both promoting and suppressing effects on cell death,depending on a variety of factors,such as cell type,cellular redox status,and the flux and dose of local *** this article,we focus on how NO regulates the apoptotic signal cascade through protein S-nitrosylation and review the recent progress on mechanisms of PCD in both mammalian and plant cells.

关键词： nitric oxide S-nitrosylation programmed cell death

Using NMR-detected hydrogen-deuterium exchange to quantify protein stability in cosolutes,under crowded conditions in vitro and in cells

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2023年第4期3卷 319-326页

作者： I-Te Chu gary j.Pielak Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill(UNC-CH)Chapel HillNC27599-3290United States Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics UNC-CHChapel HillNC27599-3290United States Lineberger Cancer Center UNC-CHChapel HillNC27599-3290United States Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences UNC-CHChapel HillNC27599-7100United States

We review the use of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy to assess the exchange of amide protons for deuterons(HDX)in efforts to understand how high concentration of cosolutes,especially macromolecules,affect the equilibrium thermodynamics of protein *** NMR is the only method that can routinely provide such data at the level of individual amino *** begin by discussing the properties of the protein systems required to yield equilibrium thermodynamic data and then review publications using osmolytes,sugars,denaturants,synthetic polymers,proteins,cytoplasm and in cells.

关键词： Amide proton exchange Cosolutes Equilibrium thermodynamics Macromolecular Crowding Osmolytes Protein stability