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Reversibility of diabetes mellitus: Narrative review of the evidence

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World Journal of Diabetes 2018年第7期9卷 127-131页

作者： gary Yee Ang Health Services and Outcomes Research National Healthcare Group

The global disease burden of diabetes mellitus is high. It is well-established that prediabetes is reversible but it is unclear whether diabetes is reversible once it has been diagnosed. The objective of this narrative review is to review the evidence of reversibility of diabetes me-llitus and stimulate interest in prolonged remission as a treatment target. The current evidence for bariatric surgery is stronger than intensive medical management and the evidence is stronger for type 2 diabetes pa-tients compared with type 1 diabetes patients. It is also unclear whether non obese diabetes patients would benefit from such interventions and the duration of diabetes before diabetes become irreversible. Further research is needed in this area especially with regards to the subgroup of diabetes patient who will benefit from these interventions and the long term safety and efficacy remains unknown especially with intensive me-dical management.

关键词： Diabetes Reversibility Remission Bariatric surgery Obesity

The presence of functional blood vessels in the ischemic core provides a therapeutic target for stroke recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2653-2654页

作者： gary P.Morris Brad A.Sutherland Tasmanian School of Medicine College of Health and MedicineUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia

Ischemic stro ke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain is *** the immediate *** flow becomes deficient in regions supplied by the blocked *** leads to the development of a core region,where blood flow is reduced to <30% and injury occurs rapidly,and a penumbral region,where blood flow is reduced to a level that is not capable of supporting neuronal function,but is sufficient to maintain cell viability(Morris et al.,2023).

关键词： al. therapeutic maintain

Age of onset of diabetes and all-cause mortality

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第4期11卷 95-99页

作者： gary Yee Ang Health Services and Outcomes Research National Healthcare GroupSingapore 138543Singapore

Diabetes mellitus continues to present a large social,financial and health system burden across the *** relationship between age of onset of the different types of diabetes and all-cause mortality is *** this review paper,the relationship between age of onset of the different types of diabetes and all-cause mortality will be reviewed and an update of the current evidence will be *** is strong evidence of the relationship between age of onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) and all-cause mortality,good evidence of the relationship between age of onset of T1 DM and all-cause mortality and no evidence of the relationship between age of onset of gestational diabetes or prediabetes and all-cause *** research is needed to look at whether aggressive management of earlier onset of T2 DM can help to reduce premature mortality.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Age of onset Mortality Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes Prediabetes

A model of regional economic development with increasing returns

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第1期8卷 164-170页

作者： QIAN Edward Y. YAO Yao-jun CHEN gary Center for Research of Private Economy Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China College of Finance Zhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou 310018 China Department of Management Setenee University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

This paper develops mathematically and empirically tractable regional and interregional model of economic devel-opment with increasing returns to scale (IRS) under the neoclassical assumptions. A one-sector, two-region model in which one region exhibits IRS is presented and the whole nation presents constant returns to scale. The development of the local IRS economy is shown to be constrained to a “moving equilibrium” path. The preliminary empirical results are sufficiently supportive of the argument to encourage further research along the lines of the model. In particular, the neoclassical model does not predict negative coefficients on the real rental value of capital in regressions explaining population or employment relative to that in the nation.

关键词： Economic development Increasing returns Moving equilibrium

PerfectlyMatched Layer withMixed Spectral Elements for the Propagation of LinearizedWaterWaves

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第2期11卷 285-302页

作者： gary Cohen Sebastien Imperiale INRIA Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt-BP 10578153 Le Chesnay CedexFrance

After setting a mixed formulation for the propagation of linearized water waves problem,we define its spectral element ***,in order to take into account unbounded domains,we construct absorbing perfectly matched layer for the *** approximate these perfectly matched layer by mixed spectral elements and show their stability using the“frozen coefficient”***,numerical results will prove the efficiency of the perfectly matched layer compared to classical absorbing boundary conditions.

关键词： Linearized water waves perfectly matched layer mixed finite elements

The interaction between the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade and PKG activation in cancer

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2017年第3期31卷 189-196页

作者： Kevin Lee gary A Piazza Drug Discovery Research Center Mitchell Cancer InstituteUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAL 36604-1405USA

The activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade has been well studied and documented in colorectal cancer（CRC）.The long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs（NSAIDs） has been shown to reduce the incidence and risk of death from CRC in numerous epidemiological *** NSA1 D sulindac has also been reported to cause regression of precancerous adenomas in individuals with familial adenomatous polyposis who are at high risk of developing *** mechanism responsible for cancer chemopreventive activity of NSAIDs is not well understood but may be unrelated to their cyclooxygenase inhibitory *** evidence suggests that sulindac inhibits the growth of colon tumor cells by suppressing the activity of certain phosphodiesterase isozymes to activate cGMβ-dependent protein kinase,PKG,through the elevation of the second messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphote,*** activation has been shown to inhibit the nuclear translocation of β-catenin,reduce β-catenin mRNA and protein levels,and suppress the transcriptional activity of β-*** review describes the relationship between the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade and the activation of PKG through PDE inhibition and elevation of intracellular cGMP levels.

关键词： Wnt β-catenin PKG cGMP PDE NSAID colon cancer breast cancer

Prenatal risk factors for internalizing and externalizing problems in childhood

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期16卷 341-355页

作者： Joyce Tien gary D.Lewis Jianghong Liu Department of Family and Community Health School of NursingUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little RockARUSA

Background A growing body of research has documented the effects of prenatal risk factors on a wide spectrum of adverse offspring health *** behavior problems,such as externalizing and internalizing problems,are no *** comprehensive literature review aims to summarize and synthesize current research about commonly experienced prenatal risk factors associated with internalizing and externalizing problems,with a focus on their impact during childhood and *** mechanisms as well as implications are also *** sources The EBSCO,Web of Science,PubMed,Google Scholar,and Scopus databases were searched for studies examining the association between prenatal risk factors and offspring internalizing/externalizing problems,using keywords“prenatal”or“perinatal”or“birth complications”in combination with“internalizing”or“externalizing”.Relevant articles,including experimental research,systematic reviews,meta-analyses,cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort studies,and theoretical literature,were reviewed and synthesized to form the basis of this integrative *** Prenatal risk factors that have been widely investigated with regards to offspring internalizing and externalizing problems encompass health-related risk factors,including maternal overweight/obesity,substance use/abuse,environmental toxicant exposure,maternal infection/inflammation,as well as psychosocial risk factors,including intimate partner violence,and anxiety/***,both epidemiological and experimental studies support the adverse associations between these prenatal factors and increased risk of emotional/behavioral problem development during childhood and *** mechanisms of action underlying these associations include hormonal and immune system *** include prenatal education,screening,and intervention *** Prenatal risk factors are associated with a constellation of offspring internalizin

关键词： Externalizing Internalizing Obstetrical Pregnancy Prenatal risk factors

Genetic diversity and population structure of Leptosphaeria maculans isolates in Western Canada

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第11期48卷 994-1006页

作者： Qilin Chen gary Peng Randy Kutcher Fengqun Yu Saskatoon Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaSaskatoonCanada Department of Plant Sciences Crop Development CentreUniversity of SKSaskatoonSKCanada

Leptosphaeria maculans is a serious concern for canola production *** effective disease management,knowledge of the pathogen’s genetic variability and population structure is a *** this study,whole-genome sequencing was performed for 162 of 1590 *** isolates collected in the years 2007e2008 and 2012e2014 in Western *** variants in genome-wide and specific regions including avirulence(Avr)genes were characterized.A total of 31,870 high-quality polymorphic DNA variants were used to study *** genetic diversity and population *** analysis showed that 150 isolates were clustered into 2 main groups and 4 subgroups by DNA variants located in either Avr or small secreted protein-encoding genes and into 2 main groups and 6 subgroups by genome-wide *** analysis of nucleotide diversity and differentiation also confirmed genetic variation within a population and among *** component analysis with genome-wide variants showed that the isolates collected in 2012e2014 were more genetically diverse than those collected in *** structure analysis discovered three distinct *** isolates from Saskatchewan and Alberta were of similar genetic composition,Manitoba isolates were highly ***-wide association study detected DNA variants in genes AvrLm4-7,Lema_T86300,and Lema_T86310 associated with the years of collection.

关键词： Leptosphaeria maculans DNA variants Blackleg Genetic diversity Population structure

Response of grease film at low speeds under pure rolling reciprocating motion

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Friction 2020年第1期8卷 115-135页

作者： Yiming HAN Jing WANG Shanshan WANG Qian ZOU gary BARBER School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyHuangdao CampusQingdao 266520China School of Engineering and Computer Science Oakland UniversityRochesterMI 48309USA

Using an optical interferometric technique,the grease film distribution under a pure rolling reciprocating motion is observed on a ball‐disk test rig,to explore the transient response of grease,which is expected to fill the contact with thickener fiber and run for a long time under steady‐state *** is found that the reciprocating motion reduces the accumulation of the thickener fiber gradually with *** maximum film thickness forms around the stroke *** 1,000 working cycles,very severe starvation occurs so that either the central or minimum film thickness becomes nearly constant over one working ***,the life of grease lubrication under a transient condition is far below that under steady‐state ***,it is also found that by selecting a smaller stroke length,the thickener fiber spreads out in the contact instead of being removed from the contact at the 1,000th working *** increasing the maximum entraining speed of the reciprocating motion to a certain value,during which the thickener fiber is not expected to accumulate under a steady‐state condition,severe starvation occurs very quickly,causing surface damage.

关键词： grease lubrication reciprocation pure rolling grease starvation thickener fiber