检索结果-南通市图书馆

Archaeal viruses-novel,diverse and enigmatic

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China(Life Sciences) 2012年第5期55卷 422-433页

作者： garrett Roger A Archaea Centre Department of BiologyCopenhagen UniversityOle Maal esVej 5DK2200 Copenhagen NDenmark

Recent research has revealed a remarkable diversity of viruses in archaeal-rich environments where spindles, spheres, fila- ments and rods are common, together with other exceptional morphotypes never recorded previously. Moreover, their dou- ble-stranded DNA genomes carry very few genes exhibiting homology to those of bacterial and eukaryal viruses. Studies on viral life cycles are still at a preliminary stage but important insights are being gained especially from microarray analyses of viral transcripts for a few model virus-host systems. Recently, evidence has been presented for some exceptional archaeal- nspecific mechanisms for extra-cellular morphological development of virions and for their cellular extrusion. Here we sum- marise some of the recent developments in this rapidly developing and exciting research area.

关键词： virus morphotypes diversity and evolution life cycle temporal regulation cellular extrusion mechanism

Bacterial adhesion and biofilms on surfaces

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第9期18卷 1049-1056页

作者： Trevor Roger garrett Manmohan Bhakoo Department of Chemical Engineering School of Engineering The University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK Unilever R&D Port Sunlight Quarry Road East Bebington Merseyside CH63 3JW UK

Bacterial adhesion has become a significant problem in industry and in the domicile, and much research has been done for deeper understanding of the processes involved. A generic biological model of bacterial adhesion and population growth called the bacterial biofilm growth cycle, has been described and modified many times. The biofilm growth cycle encompasses bacterial adhesion at all levels, starting with the initial physical attraction of bacteria to a substrate, and ending with the eventual liberation of cell clusters from the biofilm matrix. When describing bacterial adhesion one is simply describing one or more stages of biofilm development, neglecting the fact that the population may not reach maturity. This article provides an overview of bacterial adhesion, cites examples of how bac- terial adhesion afiects industry and summarises methods and instrumentation used to improve our understanding of the adhesive prop- erties of bacteria.

关键词： Adhesion Bacteria Biofilm Cleaning Micromanipulation

Uptake and translocation of sulfamethazine by alfalfa grown under hydroponic conditions

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 217-223页

作者： Sudarshan Kurwadkar garrett Struckhoff Kameron Pugh Om Singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering California State UniversityFullertonCA 92831USA IDS Engineering Group HoustonTX 77040USA Division of Biological and Health Sciences University of PittsburghBradfordPA 16701USA

Antibiotics are routinely used in intensive animal agriculture operations collectively known as Concentrated Animal Feed Operations （CAFO） which include dairy, poultry and swine farms. Wastewater generated by CAFOs often contains low levels of antibiotics and is typically managed in an anaerobic lagoon. The objective of this research is to investigate the uptake and fate of aqueous sulfamethazine （SMN） antibiotic by alfalfa （Medicago satiua） grass grown under hydroponic conditions. Uptake studies were conducted using hydroponically grown alfalfa in a commercially available nutrient solution supplemented with 10 mg/L of SMN antibiotic. Analysis of alfalfa sap, root zone, middle one-third, and top portion of the foliage showed varying uptake rate and translocation of SMN. The highest average amount of SMN （8.58 μg/kg） was detected in the root zone, followed by the top portion （1.89μg/kg）, middle one-third （1.30 μg/kg）, and sap （0.38 μg/kg） samples, indicating a clear distribution of SMN within the sampled regions. The ultraviolet （UV） spectra of parent SMN and translocated SMN identified in different parts of the plant present the possibility of metabolization during the uptake process. Uptake of SMN using alfalfa grown under hydroponic conditions has potential as a promising remediation technology for removal of similar antibiotics from wastewater lagoons.

关键词： AlfalfaHydroponic cultureAntibioticsSulfamethazineConcentrated Animal Feed OperationsPhytoremediation

Imagery Enhancement and Interpretation for Remote Visual Inspection of Aging Civil Infrastructure

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 375-380页

作者： Lucio Soibelman James H garrett Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carnegie Mellon University

In this paper, we describe an image enhancement and interpretation methodology to enhance and recognize surface defects and critical patterns from remote imagery of sewer pipeline inspection. The objective is to provide inspectors and professionals with better tools to allow them to examine the imagery for condition assessment. We present initial results of a collaboration with a robotic company through a case study on computer-assisted processing and interpretation of sewer pipeline inspection imagery. In the mean time, the described enhancement and interpretation methodology can also be applied to sewer pipeline condition assessment in an offline mode, where this methodology can support professionals’ examination of acquired sewer condition imagery.

关键词： remote visual inspection infrastructure assessment image processing and analysis defects region of interest detection classification

Gastrointestinal symptoms,pathophysiology,and treatment in COVID-19

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Genes & Diseases 2021年第4期8卷 385-400页

作者： Jilei Zhang Shari garrett Jun Sun Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA UIC Cancer Center University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA

The novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has emerged and is responsible for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 global ***-onaviruses,including SARS-CoV-2,are strongly associated with respiratory symptoms during infection,but gastrointestinal symptoms,such as diarrhea,vomiting,nausea,and abdominal pain,have been identified in subsets of COVID-19 *** article focuses on gastrointes-tinal symptoms and pathophysiology in COVID-19 *** suggests that the gastroin-testinal tract could be a viral target for SARS-CoV-2 *** only is the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 highly expressed in the GI tract and is associated with digestive symptoms,but bleeding and inflammation are observed in the intestine of COVID-19 *** further systemically summarize the correlation between COVID-19 dise ase,gastrointestinal symptoms and intestinal *** potential oral-fecal transmission of COVID-19 was supported by viral RNA and live virus detection in the feces of COVID-19 ***,the viral bal-ance in the GI tract could be disordered during SARS-CoV-2 infection which could further impact the homeostasis of the gut microbial ***,we discuss the cdinical and ongoing trials of treatments/therapies,including antiviral drugs,plasma transfusion and immunoglob-ulins,and diet supplementations for *** reviewing the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 virus,and understanding the correlation among COVID-19,inflammation,intestinal microbiota,and lung microbiota,we provide perspective in prevention and control,as well as diagnosis and treatment of the COVID-19 disease.

关键词： ACE-2 COVID-19 Cytokine GI symptoms Inflammation Microbiota SARS-CoV-2 Vitamin D

THE ENERGY SAVINGS POTENTIAL OF OPTIMIZED SLAB-ON-GRADE FOUNDATION INSUL .ATION RETROFITS

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Green Building 2015年第3期10卷 116-136页

作者： Louise F.Goldberg garrett Mosiman Energy Systems Design Program University of Minnesota Lofrango Engineering Center for Sustainable Building Research University of Minnesota

A recently developed 3-dimensional earth contact simulation program that operates as a subroutine of the EnergyPlus whole building energy simulation program was used to evaluate the energy performance and cost-effectiveness of retrofit slab-on-grade(SOG)foundation *** optimized retrofit insulation design utiliz-ing hydro-vacuum excavation was developed that generated 8.4%larger metered(or site)energy savings at a$428 lower cost than the IECC 2012 requirement in a Minneapolis,MN climate for a 400 ft2 test *** energy performance and cost effectiveness of single and multi-family buildings was assessed for climate Zones 4–*** reference to the Building America B10 benchmark,the highest site energy savings of 5%was realized for a single family home in Duluth,MN,and the lowest savings of 1.4%for a 4-unit townhouse in Richmond,*** foundation insulation retrofit simple paybacks ranged from 18 to 47 *** it is likely that larger energy savings of 10%or more with concomitantly reduced simple paybacks can only be realized in well-insulated buildings.

关键词： slab-on-grade insulation energy cost

Current applications of machine learning in the screening and diagnosis of glaucoma: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第1期13卷 149-162页

作者： Patrick Murtagh garrett Greene Colm O'Brien Department of Ophthalmology Mater Misericordiae University HospitalEccles StreetDublin D07 R2WYIreland RCSI Education and Research Centre Beaumont HospitalDublin D05 AT88Ireland

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of two well described machine learning modalities, ocular coherence tomography(OCT) and fundal photography, in terms of diagnostic accuracy in the screening and diagnosis of glaucoma. METHODS: A systematic search of Embase and Pub Med databases was undertaken up to 1 st of February 2019. Articles were identified alongside their reference lists and relevant studies were aggregated. A Meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy in terms of area under the receiver operating curve(AUROC) was performed. For the studies which did not report an AUROC, reported sensitivity and specificity values were combined to create a summary ROC curve which was included in the ***: A total of 23 studies were deemed suitable for inclusion in the Meta-analysis. This included 10 papers from the OCT cohort and 13 from the fundal photos cohort. Random effects Meta-analysis gave a pooled AUROC of 0.957(95%CI=0.917 to 0.997) for fundal photos and 0.923(95%CI=0.889 to 0.957) for the OCT cohort. The slightly higher accuracy of fundal photos methods is likely attributable to the much larger database of images used to train the models(59 788 vs 1743). CONCLUSION: No demonstrable difference is shown between the diagnostic accuracy of the two modalities. The ease of access and lower cost associated with fundal photo acquisition make that the more appealing option in terms of screening on a global scale, however further studies need to be undertaken, owing largely to the poor study quality associated with the fundal photography cohort.

关键词： machine learning glaucoma ocular coherence tomography fundal photography diagnosis Meta-analysis

Comparison of Satellite and Ship Observations for Total Cloud Amount

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1992年第1期9卷 63-72页

作者：章名立 garrett G.Campbell Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Fort Collins Colorado 80523 U.S.A.he data series of monthly clouldiness over global ocean from COADS was compared with that of from satellite Nimbus-7 during April 1979 to March 1985. The correspondence between them is good. Both the two methods of observation can provide useful information of the distribution of cloudiness and the two data sets can be mutually complementary.

The data series of monthly clouldiness over global ocean from COADS was compared with that of from satellite Nimbus-7 during April 1979 to March 1985. The correspondence between them is good. Both the two methods of observation can provide useful information of the distribution of cloudiness and the two data sets can be mutually complementary.

关键词： Comparison of Satellite and Ship Observations for Total Cloud Amount

Deletion of IFT20 in early stage T lymphocyte differentiation inhibits the development of col agen-induced arthritis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bone Research 2014年第4期2卷 241-251页

作者： Xue Yuan Lee Ann garrett-Sinha Debanjan Sarkar Shuying Yang Department of Oral Biology School of Dental MedicineUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Department of Biochemistry School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14203USA Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Therapeutics Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260-2050USA Developmental Genomics Group New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life SciencesUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14203USA

IFT20 is the smallest member of the intraflagellar transport protein（IFT） complex B. It is involved in cilia formation. Studies of IFT20 have been confined to ciliated cells. Recently, IFT20 was found to be also expressed in non-ciliated T cells and have functions in immune synapse formation and signaling in vitro. However, how IFT20 regulates T-cell development and activation in vivo is still unknown. We deleted the IFT20 gene in early and later stages of T-cell development by crossing IFT20flox/flox（IFT20f/f） mice with Lck-Cre and CD4-Cre transgenic mice, and investigated the role of IFT20 in T-cell maturation and in the development of T cell-mediated collagen-induced arthritis（CIA）. We found that both Lck-Cre/IFT20f/f and CD4-Cre/IFT20f/f mice were indistinguishable from their wild-type littermates in body size, as well as in the morphology and weight of the spleen and thymus. However, the number of CD4- and CD8-positive cells was significantly lower in thymus and spleen in Lck-Cre/IFT20f/f mice. Meanwhile, the incidence and severity of CIA symptoms were significantly decreased, and inflammation in the paw was significantly inhibited in Lck-Cre/IFT20f/f mice compared to Lck-Cre/IFT201/1littermates. Deletion IFT20 in more mature T cells of CD4-Cre/IFT20f/f mice had only mild effects on the development of T cells and CIA. The expression of IL-1b, IL-6 and TGF-b1 were significantly downregulated in the paw of Lck-Cre/IFT20f/f mice, but just slight decreased in CD4-Cre/IFT20f/f mice. These results demonstrate that deletion of IFT20 in the early stage of T-cell development inhibited CIA development through regulating T-cell development and the expression of critical cytokines.

关键词： T cells transgenic mice body size in vitro