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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 279-290页

作者： xingxing guo Shuiying XIANG Xingyu CAO Biling GU State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian University

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate experimentally and numerically a hierarchical timedelay optical reservoir computing(RC) system based on cascaded vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs) with feedback and multiple injections. The prediction performance characteristics of the hierarchical time-delay RC system based on cascaded VCSELs under different reservoir layers are ***, the prediction performance of the hierarchical time-delay RC system is first improved and saturates as the number of reservoir layers increases. Besides, the impacts of key factors on predicting the hierarchical time-delay RC system are also analyzed in detail experimentally and numerically. This proposed hierarchical time-delay RC system based on VCSELs is useful for the further development of RC systems and may be beneficial to improve the ability of RC systems to solve more complex problems.

关键词： vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser reservoir computing neuromorphic photonics time-delay system information processing

Enhanced memory capacity of a neuromorphic reservoir computing system based on a VCSEL with double optical feedbacks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第6期63卷 164-175页

作者： xingxing guo Shuiying XIANG Yahui ZHANG Aijun WEN Yue HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of Microelectronics Xidian University

In this paper, a neuromorphic reservoir computing(RC) system with enhanced memory capacity(MC) based on a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL) subject to double optical feedbacks(DOF)is proposed and investigated numerically. The aim of this study is to explore the MC of the proposed *** the purpose of comparison, the MC of the VCSEL-based RC system with single optical feedback(SOF)is also taken into account. It is found that, compared with the VCSEL-based RC system subject to SOF,enhanced MC can be obtained for the VCSEL-based RC system with DOF. Besides, the effects of feedback strength, injected strength, frequency detuning as well as injection current on the MC of the VCSEL-based RC system with DOF are considered. Moreover, the influence of feedback delays is also carefully ***, such proposed VCSEL-based RC system with DOF provides a prospect for the further development of the neuromorphic photonic system based on RC.

关键词： vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser nanophotonic reservoir computing memory capacity double feedback information processing

A modified supervised learning rule for training a photonic spiking neural network to recognize digital patterns

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第2期64卷 202-210页

作者： Yahui ZHANG Shuiying XIANG xingxing guo Aijun WEN Yue HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian University

A modified supervised learning rule which is suitable for training photonic spiking neural networks(SNN) is proposed for the first time. The proposed learning rule is independent of the time intervals between actual spike and desired spike or between presynaptic spike and postsynaptic spike. Based on the proposed supervised learning rule, 10 digital images are learned in photonic neural network which consists of 30 presynaptic neurons and 10 postsynaptic neurons. Presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons are photonic neurons based on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with an embedded saturable absorber(VCSEL-SA).The results show that 10 digital images are recognized correctly in photonic SNN after enough ***, the effects of learning rate, the jitters of learning rate, initial weights distribution of SNN and bias current of postsynaptic neurons(VCSELs-SA) on the recognized error are examined carefully based on the proposed learning rule. To the best of our knowledge, such modified supervised learning rule has not yet been reported, which would contribute to training photonic neural networks, and hence is interesting for neuromorphic photonic systems and pattern recognition.

关键词： vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser modified supervised learning rule optical spiking neural networks learning system pattern recognition

Real-time optical spike-timing dependent plasticity in a single VCSEL with dual-polarized pulsed optical injection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第6期63卷 143-154页

作者： Shuiying XIANG Yanan HAN xingxing guo Aijun WEN Genquan HAN Yue HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian University

We propose and numerically realize an optical spike-timing dependent plasticity(STDP) scheme by using a single vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL). In the scheme, the VCSEL is subjected to an orthogonally-polarized continuous-wave optical injection(OPCWOI) and dual-polarized pulsed optical injections(DPPOI). Based on the widely used spin-flip model, the response spiking dynamics of VCSEL is numerically studied, and then the optical STDP in a single VCSEL is explored. The roles of bias current, the strength of OPCWOI and DPPOI, and the frequency detuning on the optical STDP curve are numerically analyzed. It is found that, by simultaneously utilizing the response spiking dynamics in two orthogonal polarization modes, an optical STDP could be achieved by using a single VCSEL. Furthermore, the weight update of STDP curve can be calculated in real-time. Additionally, the STDP curves can also be controlled by adjusting some controllable parameters. The real-time optical STDP based on a single VCSEL is numerically realized for the first time, which paves the way towards fully VCSELs-based photonic neuromorphic systems with low power consumption.

关键词： vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser optical spike-timing dependent plasticity neuromorphic photonic system dual polarized pulsed optical injections artificial intelligent systems

Conversion of a single-layer ANN to photonic SNN for pattern recognition

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 261-270页

作者： Yanan HAN Shuiying XIANG Tianrui ZHANG Yahui ZHANG xingxing guo Yuechun SHI State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor TechnologyXidian University Yongjiang Laboratory

This work presents a complete conversion scheme for photonic spiking neural networks(SNNs).We verified that the output of an artificial neural network(ANN) trained with the simulated optical activation function can be directly converted into the spike rate of a photonic spiking neuron *** reveal the feasibility of hardware implementation,we considered the effects of different bit precisions of data and weight,noise level,and bias current mismatch on the converted *** proposed scheme was evaluated using the Deterding vowel,IRIS,TIDIGITS,and MNIST datasets for pattern recognition,and achieved mean accuracies of 95.80%,98.67%,96.19%,and 92.33%,*** proposed scheme can convert an ANN into a photonic SNN with almost no precision loss,and the performance was comparable to that of an ANN trained with the rectified linear unit *** proposed scheme can enable the high-performance implementation of photonic SNNs.

关键词： photonic SNN conversion optical computing pattern recognition artificial neural network

Impact of photogenerated charge behaviors on luminescence of Eu^(3+) -incorporated microporous titanosilicate ETS-10

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第4期56卷 428-434页

作者： guo xingxing WEI Xiao WANG KaiXue WANG JingFeng CHEN JieSheng School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

A series of Eu3+ -incorporated ETS-10 samples were successfully prepared based on the traditional ion exchange method. The relationship between photogenerated charge behaviors and luminescent properties has been investigated in detail. It has been demonstrated that as a result of the charge transfer from the titanate quantum wires to Eu3+ crystal field states, the host matrix ETS-10 functions as the sensitizer of Eu3+ to enhance the red luminescence, while Eu3+ cations contribute to the recombination of photogenerated charges. The behavior of photogenerated charges has significant impact on the luminescent properties of Eu3+ -incorporated ETS-10 materials.

关键词： ETS-IO ion exchange photoluminescence photogenerated charges photovoltage sensitization

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Experimental demonstration of a photonic spiking neuron based on a DFB laser subject to side-mode optical pulse injection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 271-280页

作者： Shuiying XIANG Shuang GAO Yuechun SHI Yuna ZHANG Ziwei SONG xingxing guo Yahui ZHANG Yuxin MA Xiangfei CHEN State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University Yongjiang Laboratory College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University

We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a simple and novel photonic spiking neuron based on a distributed feedback(DFB) laser subject to side-mode optical pulse injection(SMOPI). The DFB laser chip is designed and fabricated based on asymmetric equivalent π phase shift(π-EPS) with the reconstruction-equivalent-chirp(REC) technique. Under side-mode continuous-wave(CW) optical injection,excitability pulse was experimentally observed during the dominant mode switching process due to the injection-locked effect. Based on the transition between the excitability regime and the side-mode injection locking effect, the controllable and repeatable neuron-like spiking response can be realized when external stimulus pulses are electro-optically modulated on the CW optical carrier. The experimental results show that the spike threshold, temporal integration, and refractory period, which are important spike processing mechanisms in biological neurons, can all be achieved in the optically-injected DFB laser. The experimental findings are also verified numerically with a rate equation model that considers the SMOPI. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental demonstration of a photonic spiking neuron based on a DFB laser subject to SMOPI, which holds promise for realizing large-scale photonic spiking neuron arrays for hardware photonic spiking neural network chips.

关键词： neuromorphic photonics photonic spiking neuron DFB laser side-mode optical pulse injections

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Nonlinear neural computation in an integrated FP-SA spiking neuron subject to incoherent dual-wavelength optical pulse injections

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第12期66卷 299-300页

作者： Ziwei SONG Shuiying XIANG xingxing guo Shuang GAO Biling GU Dianzhuang ZHENG Xiangfei CHEN Yuechun SHI State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor TechnologyXidian University 2. Yongjiang Laboratory Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation Ministry of EducationNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesInstitute of Optical Communication EngineeringNanjing University

Photonic nonlinear computation is the critical cornerstone of photonic neuromorphic computing. As one of the key information function units in the photonic spiking neural networks, the photonic spiking neurons are responsible for the nonlinear computation of the network. Recently, the neuron-like nonlinear computation of the photonic spiking neuron has attracted considerable attention.

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Experimental demonstration of pyramidal neuron-like dynamics dominated by dendritic action potentials based on a VCSEL for all-optical XOR classification task

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Photonics Research 2021年第6期9卷 1055-1061页

作者： YAHUI ZHANG SHUIYING XIANG XINGYU CAO SHIHAO ZHAO xingxing guo AIJUN WEN YUE HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

We experimentally and numerically demonstrate an approach to optically reproduce a pyramidal neuron-like dynamics dominated by dendritic Ca^(2+) action potentials(dCaAPs)based on a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL)for the first *** biological pyramidal neural dynamics dominated by dCaAPs indicates that the dendritic electrode evoked somatic spikes with current near threshold but failed to evoke(or evoked less)somatic spikes for higher current *** emulating neuron-like dynamics is performed optically based on the injection locking,spiking dynamics,and damped oscillations in the optically injected *** addition,the exclusive OR(XOR)classification task is examined in the VCSEL neuron equipped with the pyramidal neuronlike dynamics dominated by ***,a single spike or multiple periodic spikes are suggested to express the result of the XOR classification task for enhancing the processing rate or *** experimental and numerical results show that the XOR classification task is achieved successfully in the VCSEL neuron enabled to mimic the pyramidal neuron-like dynamics dominated by *** work reveals valuable pyramidal neuron-like dynamics in a VCSEL and offers a novel approach to solve XOR classification task with a fast and simple all-optical spiking neural network,and hence shows great potentials for future photonic spiking neural networks and photonic neuromorphic computing.

关键词： optical dynamics action

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Spiking information processing in a single photonic spiking neuron chip with double integrated electronic dendrites

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Photonics Research 2023年第12期11卷 2033-2041页

作者： YAHUI ZHANG SHUIYING XIANG xingxing guo YANAN HAN YUECHUN SHI XIANGFEI CHEN GENQUAN HAN YUE HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Yongjiang Laboratory Ningbo 315202China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation Ministry of EducationNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesInstitute of Optical Communication EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Dendrites,branches of neurons that transmit signals between synapses and soma,play a vital role in spiking information processing,such as nonlinear integration of excitatory and inhibitory ***,the investigation of nonlinear integration of dendrites in photonic neurons and the fabrication of photonic neurons including dendritic nonlinear integration in photonic spiking neural networks(SNNs)remain open ***,we fabricate and integrate two dendrites and one soma in a single Fabry–Perot laser with an embedded saturable absorber(FP-SA)neuron to achieve nonlinear integration of excitatory and inhibitory *** that the two intrinsic electrodes of the gain section and saturable absorber(SA)section in the FP-SA neuron are defined as two dendrites for two ports of stimuli reception,with one electronic dendrite receiving excitatory stimulus and the other receiving inhibitory *** stimuli received by two electronic dendrites are integrated non-linearly in a single FP-SA neuron,which generates spikes for photonic *** properties of frequency encoding and spatiotemporal encoding are investigated experimentally in a single FP-SA neuron with two electronic *** SNNs equipped with FP-SA neurons,the range of weights between presynaptic neurons and postsynaptic neurons is varied from negative to positive values by biasing the gain and SA sections of FP-SA *** with SNN with all-positive weights realized by only biasing the gain section of photonic neurons,the recognition accuracy of Iris flower data is improved numerically in SNN consisting of FP-SA *** results show great potential for multi-functional integrated photonic SNN chips.

关键词： electronic absorber weights

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