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Targeting harmful effects of non-excitatory amino acids as an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2454-2463页

作者： Victoria Jiménez Carretero IrisÁlvarez-Merz Jorge Hernández-Campano Sergei A.Kirov Jesús M.Hernández-Guijo Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic School of MedicineUniv.Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research(IRYCIS) Neurobiology-Research ServiceHospital Ramón y CajalMadridSpain Institute of Neurobiology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine&Department of Neurosurgery Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

The involvement of the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate in ce rebral ischemia and excitotoxicity is ***,the role of non-excitatory amino acids in brain damage following a stroke or brain trauma remains largely *** release of amino acids by necrotic cells in the ischemic core may contribute to the expansion of the *** findings indicated that the reversible loss of field excitato ry postsynaptic potentials caused by transient hypoxia became irreversible when exposed to a mixture of just four non-excitatory amino acids(L-alanine,glycine,L-glutamine,and L-serine)at their plasma *** amino acids induce swelling in the somas of neurons and astrocytes during hypoxia,along with permanent dendritic damage mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors prevented neuronal damage in the presence of these amino acids during *** is likely that astroglial swelling caused by the accumulation of these amino acids via the alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 exchanger and system N transporters activates volume-regulated anion channels,leading to the release of excitotoxins and subsequent neuronal damage through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ***,previously unrecognized mechanisms involving non-excitatory amino acids may contribute to the progression and expansion of brain injury in neurological emergencies such as stroke and traumatic brain *** these pathways co uld highlight new therapeutic targets to mitigate brain injury.

关键词： cell swelling N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor non-excitatory amino acids stroke synaptic transmission

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The evolution of a geoscience standard:An instructive tale of science keyword development and adoption

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第5期14卷 396-401页

作者： Mark A.Parsons Ruth Duerr Øystein godøy University of Alabama in Huntsville AlabamaUSA Ronin Institute BroomfieldCOUSA Norwegian Meteorological Institute OsloNorway

In 1987,NASA sponsored an international workshop that inspired the Directory Interchange Format or DIF–a metadata format to enable“catalog interoperability”.The DIF formed the basis of the International Directory Network(IDN)and the Global Change Master Directory(GCMD)and included a set of science *** primary intent was to catalog NASA Earth science and related data,but the keywords have been implemented in many different systems and adopted in varying ways by many different organizations around the *** review provides an ethnographic examination of how the keywords have evolved and been managed and how they have been adopted over the last 35 *** illustrates how semantic approaches have evolved over time and provides insights on how standards and associated processes can be sustained and *** institutional commitment is essential,but so is transparency and technical *** and empowering the different roles involved in standards creation,maintenance,and use of standards as well as the services that standards enable is also *** is apparent that semantic representations need to be mindful of different contexts and carefully define verbs as well as nouns and *** and representing relationships is central to interdisciplinary interoperability.

关键词： Data management Standards Digital earth Semantic web Information science

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Improving surface integrity when drilling CFRPs and Ti-6Al-4V using sustainable lubricated liquid carbon dioxide

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第7期36卷 129-146页

作者： In˜igo RODRIGUEZ Pedro Jose´ARRAZOLA Mikel CUESTA Luka STERLE franci PUSˇAVEC Faculty of Engineering Mondragon UnibertsitateaArrasate-Mondragon 20500Spain Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

In the quest for decreasing fuel consumption and resulting gas emissions in the aeronautic sector,lightweight materials such as Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers(CFRPs)and Ti-6Al-4V alloys are being *** materials,with excellent weight-to-strength ratios,are widely used for structural applications in aircraft *** date,several studies have been published showing that the use of metalworking fluids(MWFs),special tool geometries,or advanced machining techniques is required to ensure a surface quality that meets aerospace component *** MWFs pose a number of environmental and worker health hazards and also degrade the mechanical properties of CFRPs due to water absorption in the ***,a transition to more environmentally friendly cooling/lubrication techniques that prevent moisture problems in the composite is *** research shows that lubricated Lco_(2) is a viable option to improve the quality of drilled CFRP and titanium aerospace components compared to dry machining,while maintaining clean work *** results show that the best combination of tool geometry and cooling conditions for machining both materials is drilling with Brad point drills and lubricated Lco_(2).Drilling under these conditions resulted in a 90%improvement in fiber pullout volume compared to dry machined CFRP *** addition,a 33% reduction in burr height and a 15% improvement in surface roughness were observed compared to dry drilling of titanium.

关键词： Carbon fibers Cryogenics Green manufacturing Machining Solid lubricants Surface morphology Titanium alloys

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 123-124页

作者： Carlos Bueno Salvador Martínez Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante(UMH-CSIC) San JuanAlicanteSpain

Human neurological disorders and spinal cord injuries are caused by a loss of neurons and glial cells in the brain or spinal *** proof-ofprinciple of cell therapy is that replacing damaged cells with new healthy ones will restore the lost *** and manipulating autologous neural stem cells(NSCs)could provide an ideal source of cells for use in cell replacement and the transfer of genes to a diseased central nervous *** are immature cells present,not only during embryonic development,but also in the adult brain of all mammalian species,including *** presence of NSCs in the adult mammalian brain has been described in two neurogenic niches,the ventricular-subventricular zone(V-SVZ)of the anterolateral ventricle wall and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate ***,NSCs are defined as self-renewing multipotent cells that can generate neurons,astrocytes and *** major barrier to isolating adult NSCs in humans is the inaccessibility of living *** this reason,an enormous effort has been made to derive neurons from human adult stem cells isolated from various tissue sources.

关键词： injuries ventricular adult

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Tongluo Jiedu as an adjuvant therapy for oral cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第5期13卷 52-57页

作者： Sarah Monserrat LomelíMartínez Melissa Martínez Nieto Ana Esther Mercado González Department of Medical and Life Sciences Centro Universitario de la CiénegaUniversidad de GuadalajaraOcotlán 47810Mexico Department of Well-being and Sustainable Development Centro Universitario del NorteUniversidad de GuadalajaraColotlan 46200Mexico Independent Researcher Guadalajara 44340Mexico Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara“Fray Antonio Alcalde” Universidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44280Mexico

Oral cancer is one of the malignant neoplasms that present major global health *** is the sixth most prevalent type of cancer in the world,with a high incidence and mortality *** letter is a review of the study by Yin et al which was published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases(2024).The study evaluated the effect of Tongluo Jiedu as an adjuvant treatment for oral *** the years,there has been a continuous search for effective and less invasive treatments for oral *** article emphasizes and discusses various therapeutic options currently available,and it highlights that early intervention and multidisciplinary management are crucial for improving *** Chinese medicine,particularly Tongluo Jiedu,presents potential complementary approach to co-nventional oral cancer *** research on Tongluo Jiedu should be focused on validation of its efficacy and safety through large,well-designed clinical trials,as well as better understanding of the molecular mechanisms in-volved,and optimization of therapeutic ***,continuous education of health professionals is key to the effective and safe integration of this traditional medicine into clinical *** research is essential for optimization of therapeutic strategies and for addressing the challenges presented by this neoplasm.

关键词： Oral cancer Tongluo Jiedu Traditional Chinese medicine Chinese herbal medicine Herbal drugs Dentistry

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Origin of light emission and enhanced Eu^(3+) photoluminescence in tin-containing glass

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第1期33卷 27-32页

作者： José A.Jiménez Esteban Rosim Fachini Department of Chemistry University of North FloridaJacksonville FL 32224 USA Department of Physical Sciences General Studies Faculty University of Puerto RicoRío Piedras PR 00931 USA

A barium-phosphate glass matrix was co-doped with Sn O and Eu2O3 for investigating on material luminescent properties. Optical absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） were employed in the characterization of tin species. The prevalence of divalent tin was indicated by the XPS data in accord with a conspicuous absorption band detected around 285 nm ascribed to twofold-coordinated Sn centers（isoelectronic with Sn^2＋）. Photoluminescence（PL） excitation spectra obtained by monitoring Eu^3＋ emission from the 5D0 state revealed a broad excitation band from about 250 to 340 nm, characteristic of donor/acceptor energy transfer. Under excitation of such at 290 nm, the co-doped material exhibited a bright whitish luminescence, and a four-fold enhanced Eu3＋ emission relative to a purely Eu-doped reference. Time-resolved PL spectra recorded under the excitation at 290 nm exposed a broad band characteristic of the twofold-coordinated Sn centers and emission bands of Eu^3＋ ions, which appeared well separated in time in accord with their emission decay dynamics. The data suggested that light absorption took place at the Sn centers（donors） followed by energy transfer to Eu^3＋ ions（acceptors） which resulted in populating the 5D0 emitting state. Energy transfer pathways likely resulting in the enhanced Eu3＋ photoluminescence and the consequential light emission were discussed.

关键词： energy transfer glasses luminescence optical materials rare earths

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Assessing fire severity in Turkey's forest ecosystems using spectral indices from satellite images

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第6期34卷 1747-1761页

作者： coşkun Okan Güney Ahmet Mert Serkan Gülsoy Department of Forest Fires Aegean Forestry Research Institute35430 IzmirTurkey Department of Wildlife Ecology and Management Faculty of ForestryIsparta University of Applied Science32260 IspartaTurkey Department of Soil Science and Ecology Faculty of ForestryIsparta University of Applied Science32260 IspartaTurkey

Fire severity classifications determine fire damage and regeneration potential in post-fire areas for effective implementation of restoration *** fire damage varies according to vegetation and fire characteristics,regional assessment of fire severity is *** objectives of this study were:(1)to test the performance of different satellite imagery and spectral indices,and two field—measured severity indices,CBI(composite Burn Index)and GeoCBI(Geometrically structured composite Burn Index)to assess fire severity;(2)to calculate classification thresholds for spectral indices that performed best in the study areas;and(3)to generate fire severity maps that could be used to determine the ecological impact of forest *** large fires in Pinus brutia(Turkish pine)and Pinus nigra *** ***(Anatolian black pine)—dominated forests during 2020 and 2021 were selected as study *** results show that GeoCBI provided more reliable estimates of field—measured fire severity than *** Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8/OLI images performed similarly well,MODIS performed *** severity classification thresholds were determined for Sentinel-2 based RdNBR,dNBR,dSAVI,dNDVI,and dNDMI and Landsat-8/OLI based dNBR,dNDVI,and *** several spectral indices,the highest accuracy for fire severity classification was found for Sentinel-2 based RdNBR(72.1%)and Landsat-8/OLI based dNBR(69.2%).The results can be used to assess and map fire severity in forest ecosystems similar to those in this study.

关键词： Remote sensing Forest fire Fire severity Spectral indices composite burn index

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Evaluation of antioxidant activities of some Nigerian medicinal plants

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第4期2卷 27-32页

作者： Uche FI Ezugwu co Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnotherapy University of Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Pharmacognosy University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

Objective:The methanol extracts of the leaves of Kolancheo(K.) pinnata,Aspilia(A.) africana,Mucuna (M.) pruriens,Emilia(E.) coccinea,Triumfetta(T.) rhomboidea,Laportea(L.) ovalifolis,Celosia(C.) trigynea,Cucurbita(C.)moschata and Asystesia(A.)gangestica were evaluated for antioxidant activities,the reducing potentials of these plants were also determined and phytochemical screening of some of these plants were carried ***:The antioxidant activities of these plants were evaluated by the use of 2,2-diphenyl -1 -picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical assay and *** reducing potentials of these plants were determined using Ferric chloride,Potassium Ferricyanide and Trichloroacetic acid proceedures. The phytochemical screenings of the medicinal plants were equally done using standard ***: The percentage of antioxidant activities values for the plants were:(31.00±1.80)%,(58.40±1.26) %,(59.10±1.60)%,(60.00±1.05)%,(60.80±1.28)%,(62.40±1.26)%,(64.80±2. 10)%,(75.70±2.60)%and(82.70±2.80)%for ***,***,***,L. ovalifolia,***,***,***,*** and *** values were dose-dependent and statistically significant at P comparable to the standard used,Tocopherol which was found to be(97.20±1.06)%.The reducing potentials of the plants were found to be positively correlated to the antioxidant activities of the *** screenings revealed the presence of alkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,saponins and tannins in the medicinal ***:The findings from this study have revealed the potentials of these plants as *** could be exploited in drug development in search of powerful antioxidants which are urgently needed to challenge free radicals

关键词： Phytochemical screening Antioxidant activity Reducing potentials Nigerian medicinal plants

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A simple and fast method to calculate the coil currents and the external poloidal flux and magnetic field for fixed boundary equilibria

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第11期26卷 65-70页

作者： Ricardo FARENGO Pablo L GARCÍA-MARTÍnez Hugo E FERRARI Centro Atómico Bariloche Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaBariloche 8400Argentina Instituto Balseiro Universidad Nacional de CuyoBariloche 8400Argentina coNICET CCT-Patagonia Norte Bariloche 8400Argentina

A simple and fast method to calculate the coil currents and the external poloidal flux and magnetic field consistent with a given internal magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) equilibrium and coil geometry is presented. The constrained optimization technique employed allows to fix the exact position of the X-points. The external poloidal flux and field are calculated using Green's functions expressed in terms of elliptic integrals that are calculated using a fast and accurate *** calculation can be limited to the region between the plasma and the device wall. An example for a double null configuration is presented.

关键词： MHD equilibrium Green's functions tokamak

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New Insights on US Aggregate and State Level Trade with the China Region

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China & World Economy 2011年第6期19卷 92-108页

作者： Catherine Y.co Department of Economics University of Nebraska at Omaha

Aggregate trade data with breakdown into related and non-related party components show that US multinational enterprises use different trading strategies in the China region relative to other countries. US trade with the China region in 2002-007 is characterized by arm ＇s- length transactions. State-level trade data show great variability in state engagement with the region through trade： exports to the region range from 1 to 28 percent of state exports. In addition, compared to exports to other countries, exports to the region are highly concentrated. At the extreme, for some states, 96-98 percent of exports to the region are computer and electronic products. Finally, gravity regressions show that state exports to Hong Kong are posflively associated with the relative size of the ltong Kong-born population in the states. There is no evidence that stricter labor regimes lead to lower state exports.

关键词： arm's-length trade intra-firm trade multinational finns US-China trade

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