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Experimental Study of Local Scour Around Four Piles Under Different Attack Angles and Gap Ratios

China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 612-624页

作者： LIU Ming-ming TANG Guo-qiang JIN Xin geng shao-yang School of Architecture and Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000China Water-Sediment Regulation and Sand Effective Utilization Special Laboratory of Shandong Provincial Education Department Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000China State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China College of Electronic Engineering Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China College of Energy Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

In an effort to investigate and quantify the patterns of local scour,researchers embarked on an in-depth study using a systematic experimental *** research focused on the effects of local scour around a set of four piles,each subjected to different hydromechanical *** particular,this study aimed to determine how different attack angles—the angles at which the water flow impinges on the piles,and gap ratios—the ratios of the spacing between the piles to their diameters,influence the extent and nature of scour.A comprehensive series of 35 carefully designed experiments were orchestrated,each designed to dissect the nuances in how the gap ratio and attack angle might contribute to changes in the local scour observed at the base of pile *** these experimental trials,a wealth of local scour data were collected to support the *** data included precise topographic profiles of the sediment bed around the pile groups,as well as detailed scour time histories showing the evolution of scour at strategic feature points throughout the test *** analysis of the experimental data provided interesting *** study revealed that the interplay between the gap ratio and the attack angle had a pronounced influence on the scouring dynamics of the pile *** of the key observations was that the initial phases of scour,particularly within the first hour of water flow exposure,were characterized by a sharp increase in the scour depth occurring immediately in front of the *** this initial rapid development,the scour depth transitioned to a more gradual change *** contrast,the scour topography around the piles continuously *** suggests that sediment displacement and the associated sculpting of the seabed around pile foundations are sustained and progressive processes,altering the underwater landscape over *** results of this empirical investigation have significant implications for the design and constructio

关键词： local scour piles gap ratio attack angle

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CPT: a pre-trained unbalanced transformer for both Chinese language understanding and generation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 43-55页

作者： Yunfan shao Zhichao geng Yitao LIU Junqi DAI Hang YAN Fei yang Zhe LI Hujun BAO Xipeng QIU School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Fudan University Zhejiang Lab

In this paper, we take the advantage of previous pre-trained models(PTMs) and propose a novel Chinese pre-trained unbalanced transformer(CPT). Different from previous Chinese PTMs, CPT is designed to utilize the shared knowledge between natural language understanding(NLU) and natural language generation(NLG) to boost the performance. CPT consists of three parts: a shared encoder, an understanding decoder, and a generation decoder. Two specific decoders with a shared encoder are pretrained with masked language modeling(MLM) and denoising auto-encoding(DAE) tasks, *** the partially shared architecture and multi-task pre-training, CPT can(1) learn specific knowledge of both NLU or NLG tasks with two decoders and(2) be fine-tuned flexibly that fully exploits the potential of the model. Moreover, the unbalanced transformer saves the computational and storage cost, which makes CPT competitive and greatly accelerates the inference of text generation. Experimental results on a wide range of Chinese NLU and NLG tasks show the effectiveness of CPT.

关键词： pre-trained model transformer language model generation unified model

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Structural engineered living materials

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 715-733页

作者： yang geng Zian Jia Ling Li 635 Prices Fork Road Department of Mechanical EngineeringVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburg VA24061USA

Biological structural materials not only exhibit remarkable mechanical properties but also often embody dynamic characteristics such as environmental responsiveness,autonomy,and self-healing,which are difficult to achieve in conventional engineering *** merging materials science,synthetic biology,and other disciplines,engineered living materials(ELMs)provide a promising solution to combine living organisms with abiotic components,thus facilitating the construction of functional“living”*** natural materials,ELMs possess vitality and hold immense application potential in areas such as medicine,electronics,and construction,captivating increasing research attention *** an emerging branch of ELMs,structural ELMs aim to mimic living biological structural materials by achieving desired mechanical performance while maintaining important“living”*** we summarize the recent progress and provide our perspectives for this emerging research *** first summarize the superiority of structural ELMs by reviewing biological structural materials and biomimetic material design ***,we provide a systematic discussion on the definition and classifications of structural ELMs,their mechanical performance,and physiological ***,we summarize some critical challenges faced by structural ELMs and highlight directions of future *** hope this review article can provide a timely summary of the state of the art and relevant perspectives for future development of structural ELMs.

关键词： structural materials engineered living materials(ELMs) structural ELMs composites mechanical properties

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Differential Operator Approach to■quantum Groups and Their Oscillator Representations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第5期40卷 1360-1374页

作者： Zhao Bing FAN Ji Cheng geng shao Long HAN College of Mathematical Science Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001P.R.China

For a quasi-split Satake diagram,we define a modified q-Weyl algebra,and show that there is an algebra homomorphism between it and the corresponding■quantum *** other words,we provide a differential operator approach to■quantum ***,the oscillator representations of■quantum groups are *** crystal basis of the irreducible subrepresentations of these oscillator representations are constructed.

关键词： ■quantum group differential operator oscillator representation crystal basis

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Extraction method of typical IEQ spatial distributions based on low-rank sparse representation and multi-step clustering

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Building Simulation 2024年第6期17卷 983-1006页

作者： Yuren yang yang geng Hao Tang Mufeng Yuan Juan Yu Borong Lin School of Architecture Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Eco Planning&Green Building Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Indoor environment quality(IEQ)is one of the most concerned building performances during the operation *** non-uniform spatial distribution of various IEQ parameters in large-scale public buildings has been demonstrated to be an essential factor affecting occupant comfort and building energy ***,IEQ sensors have been widely employed in buildings to monitor thermal,visual,acoustic and air ***,there is a lack of effective methods for exploring the typical spatial distribution of indoor environmental quality parameters,which is crucial for assessing and controlling non-uniform indoor *** this study,a novel clustering method for extracting IEQ spatial distribution patterns is ***,representation vectors reflecting IEQ distributions in the concerned space are generated based on the low-rank sparse ***,a multi-step clustering method,which addressed the problems of the“curse of dimensionality”,is designed to obtain typical IEQ distribution patterns of the entire indoor *** proposed method was applied to the analysis of indoor thermal environment in Beijing Daxing international airport *** a result,four typical temperature spatial distribution patterns of the terminal were extracted from a four-month monitoring,which had been validated for their good *** typical patterns revealed typical environmental issues in the terminal,such as long-term localized overheating and temperature increases due to a sudden influx of *** extracted typical IEQ spatial distribution patterns could assist building operators in effectively assessing the uneven distribution of IEQ space under current environmental conditions,facilitating targeted environmental improvements,optimization of thermal comfort levels,and application of energy-saving measures.

关键词： indoor environment quality(IEQ) thermal environment spatial distribution temperature field low-rank sparse representation(LRSR) clustering

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Spectral observation of symmetry-protected selection rules for dynamical high-dimensional parity in alignment magnetic resonance

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 1-11页

作者： Xu-Xing geng Kai Jin Lu Zhou Wang-Wang Tang Guoqing yang Shangqing Liang shao-Ping Wu Guang-Ming Huang Gao-Xiang Li Department of Physics Huazhong Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China College of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Multidimensional Floquet-driven alignment systems with dynamical symmetry present various exotic phenomena and ***,there are challenges in directly characterizing large-spin dynamical symmetry from ***,we first observe the symmetry-protected selection rules of dynamical high-dimensional parity in a large-spin(F=4)*** theoretically construct a Floquet-driven alignment system that can be used to reveal high-dimensional spatiotemporal *** the experiment,the system is implemented in Cs atomic gas subjected to two-dimensional Floquet-modulated magnetic resonance *** developing Floquet detection protocols of alignment double-sided spectra,we directly verify symmetry-protected selection rules of dynamical high-dimensional parity for large-spin *** work advances the exploration of dynamical symmetry to large spins,and unravels a universal Floquet scheme for the investigation of symmetry-protected selection rules.

关键词： dynamical high-dimensional symmetry symmetry-protected selection rules large-spin alignment magnetic resonance,Floquet two-mode detection

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基于可见损伤持续时间贝叶斯网络的视频QoE评估方法

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通信学报 2017年第6期38卷 136-141页

作者：耿杨邵苏杰郭少勇喻鹏北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室北京100876

目前,对视频业务体验质量(QoE)的客观评估方法中,视频图像质量下降造成的可见显示损伤持续时间对用户体验质量的影响往往被忽略。针对该问题,讨论了可见显示损伤持续时间对用户体验质量的影响。同时,分析了造成可见显示持续损伤的客观原... 详细信息

目前,对视频业务体验质量(QoE)的客观评估方法中,视频图像质量下降造成的可见显示损伤持续时间对用户体验质量的影响往往被忽略。针对该问题,讨论了可见显示损伤持续时间对用户体验质量的影响。同时,分析了造成可见显示持续损伤的客观原因,构建了包含分层客观指标和主观评估结果的贝叶斯网络。在此基础上,提出了针对视频业务体验质量的无参考评估方法,并通过主观测试验证了该方法的准确性。

关键词：视频体验质量贝叶斯网络显示持续损伤

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Seismic-induced surficial failure of cohesive slopes using three-dimensional limit analysis:A case study of the Wangjiayan landslide in Beichuan, China

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 537-545页

作者： Gao Yufeng Liu yang geng Weijuan Zhang Fei Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering College of Civil and Transportation EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering and MechanicsJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

A seismic-induced landslide is a common geological catastrophe that occurs in *** Wangjiayan landslide,which was triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake,is a typical case in *** Wanjiayan landslide caused many casualties and resulted in enormous property *** study constructs a simple surficial failure model based on the upper bound approach of three-dimensional(3D)limit analysis to evaluate the slope stability of the Wangjiayan case,while a traditional two-dimensional(2D)analysis is also conducted as a reference for comparison with the results of the 3D analysis.A quasi-static calculation is used to study the effect of the earthquake in terms of horizontal ground acceleration,while a parametric study is conducted to evaluate the critical cohesion of *** than employing a 3D analysis,using the 2D analysis yields an underestimation regarding the safety *** the Wangjiayan landslide,the difference in the factors of safety between the 3D and 2D analyses can reach 20%.The sliding surface morphology as determined by the 3D method is similar to actual morphology,and the parameters of both are also compared to analyze the reliability of the proposed 3D method.

关键词： landslide Wenchuan earthquake surficial failure limit analysis stability quasi-static

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Design and modification of metal sulfide-based catalysts for lithiumsulfur batteries

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 86-100页

作者： Yufei Zhao Chuannan geng Li Wang Haotian yang Wei Lv Quan-Hong yang Nanoyang Group State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyNational Industry-Education Integration Platform of Energy Storageand Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon MaterialsTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin300192China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityFuzhou350207China

Metal sulfide(MS)have good conductivity,strong adsorption ability,and excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of sulfur species,and thus,show great promise as the catalysts in LieS ***,the relationship between their properties and electrochemical performance is still ***,further in-depth discussions are required to improve their design in Li-S *** review systematically summarizes the basic structural and electrochemical properties of MSs and highlights the advantages that guarantee them as high-performance catalysts in Li-S ***,various modification strategies for MSs to enhance the catalytic activity,efficiency,and stability are also *** last,future opportunities for MS catalysts in Li-S batteries are proposed.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery Metal sulfide Catalysis

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Polymer: Non-fullerene acceptor heterojunction-based phototransistor for short-wave infrared photodetection

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3087-3095页

作者： Jing Li Weigang Zhu yang Han Yanhou geng Wenping Hu Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits of Ministry of Education&Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences School of Science&Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits of Ministry of Education&Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

It remains full of challenge for extending short-wave infrared(SWIR)spectral response and weak-light detection in the context of broad spectral responses for *** this work,a novel poly(2,5-bis(4-hexyldodecyl)-2,5-dihydro-3,6-di-2-thienyl-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione-alt-thiophene)(PDPPT3-HDO):COTIC-4F organic bulk-heterojunction is prepared as active layer for bulk heterojunction ***3-HDO serves as a hole transport material,while COTIC-4F enhances the absorption of SWIR light to 1020 *** a result,smooth and connected PDPPT3-HDO film is fabricated by blade coating method and exhibits high hole mobility up to 2.34 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1) with a current on/off ratio of 4.72×10^(5) in organic thin film ***3-HDO:COTIC-4F heterojunction phototransistors exhibit high responsivity of 2680 A·W^(-1) to 900 nm and 815 A·W^(-1) to 1020 nm,with fast response time(rise time~20 ms and fall time~100 ms).The photosensitivity of the heterojunction phototransistor improves as the mass ratio of non-fullerene acceptors increases,resulting in an approximately two orders of magnitude enhancement compared to the bare polymer ***,the phototransistor exhibits decent responsivity even under ultra-weak light power of 43μW·cm^(-2) to 1020 *** work represents a highly effective and general strategy for fabricating efficient and sensitive SWIR light photodetectors.

关键词： photodetection phototransistor organic semiconductor heterojunction non-fullerene acceptor

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