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Counting the SNAREs needed for membrane fusion

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2011年第4期3卷 204-205页

作者： geert van den bogaart Reinhard Jahn Department of Neurobiology Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryAm Fassberg 1137077 GottingenGermany

SNARE proteins mediate most membrane fusion reactions in eukaryotic cells,and are thereby vital for many functions,including synaptic transmission,cell growth,and ***,until recently it was still unclear how many of these proteins are required to catalyze membrane fusion in *** a recent Science paper,Mohrmann et al.(2010)elegantly show that in chromaffin cells,three SNARE complexes are required for the synchronous release of granules,whereas only a single SNARE complex is sufficient for overall release.

关键词： release thereby complexes

Interleukin-6 secretion is limited by self-signaling in endosomes

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第2期11卷 144-157页

作者： Danielle R.J.Verboogen Natalia H.Revelo Martin ter Beest geert van den bogaart Departme nt of Tumor Immuno logy Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Radboud University Medical Center 6525 GA Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Molecular Immunology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands

Cells producing cytokines often express the receptor for the same cytokine, which makes them prone to autocrine signaling. How cytokine release and signaling are regulated in the same cell is not understood? In this study, we demonstrate that signaling by exogenous and self-synthesized inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) within endosomal compartments acts as a cellular brake that limits the synthesis of IL-6. Our data show that IL-6 is internalized by dendritic cells and signals from endosomal compartments containing the IL-6 receptor. Newly synthesized IL-6 also traffics via these endosomal compartments and signals in transit to the plasma membrane. This allows activation of STAT3 which in turn limits toll-like receptor 4 stimulant lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggered transcription of IL-6. Long-term exposure to LPS removes this brake via inhibition of STAT3 by increased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and results in fully fledged IL-6 production. This transient regulation could prevent excessive IL-6 production during early infections.

关键词： membrane trafficking cytokine release exocytosis interleukin-6 endosomal signaling

RIg-I immunotherapy overcomes radioresistance in p53-positive malignant melanoma

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2023年第1期15卷 13-26页

作者： Silke Lambing Yu Pan Tan Paraskevi Vasileiadou Stefan Holdenrieder Patrick Müller Christian Hagen Stephan garbe Rayk Behrendt Martin Schlee Jasper g.van den Boorn Eva Bartok Marcel Renn gunther Hartmann Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University Hospital BonnBonn 53127Germany Institute of Laboratory Medicine German Heart CentreMunich 80636Germany Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital BonnBonn 53127Germany Unit of Experimental Immunology Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerp 2000Belgium Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine University Hospital BonnBonn 53127Germany Mildred Scheel School of Oncology BonnUniversity Hospital BonnMedical FacultyBonn 53127Germany

Radiotherapy induces DNA damage,resulting in cell cycle arrest and activation of cell-intrinsic death ***,the radioresistance of some tumour entities such as malignant melanoma limits its clinical *** innate immune sensing receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene I(RIg-I)is ubiquitously expressed and upon activation triggers an immunogenic form of cell death in a variety of tumour cell types including *** date,the potential of RIg-I ligands to overcome radioresistance of tumour cells has not been ***,we demonstrate that RIg-I activation enhanced the extent and immunogenicity of irradiation-induced tumour cell death in human and murine melanoma cells in vitro and improved survival in the murine B16 melanoma model in *** analysis pointed to a central role for p53,which was confirmed using p53^(-/-)B16 *** vivo,the additional effect of RIg-I in combination with irradiation on tumour growth was absent in mice carrying p53^(-/-)B16 tumours,while the antitumoural response to RIg-I stimulation alone was *** results identify p53 as a pivotal checkpoint that is triggered by RIg-I resulting in enhanced irradiation-induced tumour cell ***,the combined administration of RIg-I ligands and radiotherapy is a promising approach to treating radioresistant tumours with a functional p53 pathway,such as melanoma.

关键词： RIg-I p53 melanoma immunotherapy irradiation radiotherapy radioresistance

Functionalized monodisperse microbubble production:microfluidic method for fast,controlled,and automated removal of excess coating material

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第4期10卷 391-401页

作者： M.R.P.van den Broek M.Versluis A.van den Berg T.Segers BIOS/Lab on a Chip group Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid DynamicsUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Physics of Fluids group University of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands

Functionalized monodisperse microbubbles have the potential to boost the sensitivity and efficacy of molecular ultrasound imaging and targeted drug delivery using bubbles and *** bubbles can be produced in a microfluidic flow focusing ***,their functionalization and sequential use require removal of the excess lipids from the bubble suspension to minimize the use of expensive ligands and to avoid competitive binding and blocking of the receptor *** date,excess lipid removal is performed by centrifugation,which is labor intensive and challenging to *** importantly,as we show,the increased hydrostatic pressure during centrifugation can reduce bubble ***,we introduce a novel automated microfluidic’washing’***,bubbles are injected in a microfluidic chamber 1mm in height where they are left to float against the top ***,lipid-free medium is pumped through the chamber to remove excess lipids while the bubbles remain located at the top ***,the washed bubbles are resuspended and removed from the device into a collection *** demonstrate that the present method can(i)reduce the excess lipid concentration by 4 orders of magnitude,(ii)be fully automated,and(iii)be performed in minutes while the size distribution,functionality,and acoustic response of the bubbles remain ***,the presented method is a gateway to the fully automated production of functionalized monodisperse microbubbles.

关键词： bubble fluid method

Impact of black cherry on pedunculate oak vitality in mixed forests:Balancing benefits and concerns

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期10卷 690-699页

作者： Ellen Desie Bart Muys Jan den Ouden Bart Nyssen Rita Sousa-Silva Leon van den Berg Arnold van den Burg gert-Jan van Duinen Koenraad van Meerbeek Maaike Weijters Karen vancampenhout Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU Leuven Campus GeelKleinhoefstraat 4B-2240 GeelBelgium Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200EBox 2411B-3001 LeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Plant Institute B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Forest Ecology and Management group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 47Wageningenthe Netherlands Bosgroep Zuid-Nederland Huisvenseweg 145591 VD Heezethe Netherlands Young Academy for Sustainability Research University of Freiburg79104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Aquatic Ecology&Environmental Biology Radboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJ Nijmegenthe Netherlands Biosphere/Zoological Museum Netherlands Onderlangs 176731 BK Otterlothe Netherlands Stichting Bargerveen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands B-WARE Research Centre/Radboud University Nijmegen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands

The vitality of European forests continues to decline due to new pests and diseases,climate-change related disturbances and high loads of atmospheric nitrogen *** soil health is a major factor underpinning the low vitality of West-European *** tree species with soil ameliorative traits is proposed as an avenue to counteract soil acidification and improve overall forest *** we evaluate the impact of black cherry(Prunus serotina Ehrh.),a known rich litter species,on the vitality of neighboring pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)in ten mixed forests on sand in germany,Belgium and the *** found that black cherry admixture increases foliar N and P to a surplus whereas it causes deficiencies in foliar Mg,thereby resulting in an overall negative effect on oak foliar nutrient ***,defoliation of oak leaves by herbivory decreases with the proximity of black *** structural equation modelling(SEM),we tested the hypothesized‘improved soil health’*** analyses showed that black cherry admixture leads to lower accumulation in the humus layer,resulting in higher soil base saturation which has a positive effect on foliar Ca yet a negative effect on total ***,the SEM illustrated that herbivory of oak leaves decreases when black cherry is admixed,both via dilution and improved soil *** effects of black cherry on oak vitality via“improved soil health”in our SEM are however small in comparison to direct ***,our study showed that the combined positive and negative impacts of black cherry on oak vitality are limited,which tempers the potential benefits of using the rich litter species to counteract oak decline via improved soil health–yet,the concern of black cherry as an invasive alien species negatively affecting the vitality of mature pedunculate oak trees may also be exaggerated.

关键词： Rich litter species Black cherry Nutrient cycling Insect herbivory Dilution effect Humus type Pedunculate oak Plant-soil interaction

Deciphering fluid inclusions in high-grade rocks

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geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 683-695页

作者： Alfons van den Kerkhof Andreas Kronz Klaus Simon geowissenschaftliches Zentrum der Universitat gottingen Goldschmidtstr.1-3 D 37073 GottingenGermany

The study of fluid inclusions in high-grade rocks is especially challenging as the host minerals have been normally subjected to deformation, recrystallization and fluid-rock interaction so that primary in- clusions, formed at the peak of metamorphism are rare. The larger part of the fluid inclusions found in metamorphic minerals is typically modified during uplift. These late processes may strongly disguise the characteristics of the ＂original＂ peak metamorphic fluid. A detailed microstructural analysis of the host minerals, notably quartz, is therefore indispensable for a proper interpretation of fluid inclusions. Cathodoluminescence （CL） techniques combined with trace element analysis of quartz （EPMA, LA- [CPMS） have shown to be very helpful in deciphering the rock-fluid evolution. Whereas high-grade metamorphic quartz may have relatively high contents of trace elements like Ti and A1, low- temperature re-equilibrated quartz typically shows reduced trace element concentrations. The result- ing microstructures in CL can be basically distinguished in diffusion patterns （along microfractures and grain boundaries）, and secondary quartz formed by dissolution-reprecipitation. Most of these textures are formed during retrograde fluid-controlled processes between ca. 220 and 500 ℃, i.e. the range of semi-brittle deformation （greenschist-facies） and can be correlated with the fluid inclusions. In this way modified and re-trapped fluids can be identified, even when there are no optical features observed under the microscope.

关键词： Fluid inclusionsgranuliteCharnockiteCathodoluminescenceLA-ICPMSQuartz

The significance of NO_(2) dimerization in plasma-based NO_(x) synthesis for nitrogen fixation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第12期99卷 522-528页

作者： Thijs van Raak Huub van den Bogaard Fausto gallucci Sirui Li Sustainable Process Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyDe Rondom 70Eindhoven 5612 APthe Netherlands Eindhoven Institute for Renewable Energy Systems(EIRES) Eindhoven University of TechnologyPO Box 513Eindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands

Plasma-based NO_(x) synthesis has been considered as a sustainable alternative to the conventional HaberBosch *** the advancements in research achieved in recent years,limited attention has been paid to the reversible dimerization reaction of NO_(2) to N_(2)O_(4).This reaction can significantly alter the parameters considered with the process’output,such as the concentration or volume fraction of products and the energy *** work aims to investigate the significance of dimerization through theoretical analysis and *** were conducted with a 2D-gliding arc reactor to evaluate the influence of dimerization in the case of plasma reactor *** was observed that the dimerization reaction reached equilibrium in microseconds,resulting in a maximum hypothetical NO_(2) equilibrium conversion of 48.8%.For plasma experiments,the dimerization could cause a maximum error of 14.1%in product detection,which needs to be carefully considered along with the influence of temperature variations on the measurement.

关键词： Nitrogen fixation N_(2)O_(4) Dimerization NO_(x)synthesis Non-thermal plasma gliding arc reactor

Multi-threaded compression of Earth observation time-series data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第12期10卷 1214-1230页

作者： D.Swanepoel F.van den Bergh Remote Sensing Research Unit Meraka InstituteCSIRPretoriaSouth Africa

Earth observation data are typically compressed using general-purpose single-threaded compression algorithms that operate at a fraction of the bandwidth of modern storage and processing *** present evidence that recently developed multi-threaded compression codecs offer substantial benefits over widely used single-threaded codecs in terms of compression efficiency when applied to a selection of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)datasets stored in the HDF5 *** codecs from the LZ77 and Rice families are shown to vary in efficacy when applied to different MODIS data products,highlighting the need for compression strategies to be tailored to different classes of *** also introduce LPC-Rice,a new multi-threaded codec,that performs particularly well when applied to time-series data.

关键词： Data compression multithreading time-series HDF HDF5 MODIS

Quantitative resistance against Bemisia tabaci in Solanum pennellii:genetics and metabolomics

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第4期58卷 397-412页

作者： Floor van den Oever-van den Elsen Alejandro F.Lucatti Sjaak van Heusden Colette Broekgaarden Roland Mumm Marcel Dicke Ben Vosman Wageningen UR Plant Breeding Wageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 3866700AJWageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 166700AAWageningenThe Netherlands graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Plant Research International Business Unit BioscienceWageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 166700AA WageningenThe Netherlands

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a serious threat in tomato cultivation worldwide as all varieties grown today are highly susceptible to this devastating herbivorous *** accessions of the tomato wild relative Solanum pennellii show a high resistance towards B. tabaci. A mapping approach was used to elucidate the genetic background of whiteflyresistance related traits and associated biochemical traits in this species. Minor quantitative trait loci（QTLs） for whitefly adult survival（AS） and oviposition rate（OR） were identified and some were confirmed in an F2BC1 population, where they showed increased percentages of explained variance（more than 30%）. Bulked segregant analyses on pools of whiteflyresistant and-susceptible F2 plants enabled the identification of metabolites that correlate either with resistance or susceptibility. genetic mapping of these metabolites showed that a large number of them co-localize with whiteflyresistance QTLs. Some of these whitefly-resistance QTLs are hotspots for metabolite QTLs. Although a large number of metabolite QTLs correlated to whitefly resistance or susceptibility, most of them are yet unknown compounds and further studies are needed to identify the metabolic pathways and genes involved. The results indicate a direct genetic correlation between biochemical-based resistance characteristics and reduced whitefly incidence in S. pennellii.

关键词： genetic linkage map life-history metabolic fingerprinting parameters tomato whitefly